Çocukluk çağı obezitesi: Bebeklik döneminde beslenme şekli ile ilişkili mi?

Öz

Amaç: Çocukluk çağında obezite prevalansı günümüzde artmıştır, bebeklik dönemindeki beslenme şekli ile çocukluk çağı obezitesi arasındaki ilişki hala tartışmalıdır. Çalışmamızda ilk 6 ayda sadece anne sütüyle beslenen, sadece mama ile beslenen ve karma (anne sütü + mama) beslenen Türk bebeklerde beslenme uygulamalarının erken çocukluk çağı obezitesi üzerindeki etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Bu çalışma Haydarpaşa Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi pediatri bölümünde 2-5 yaş arası 545 çocuk ile yapıldı. Anne babalara ilk 6 aydaki bebeklik döneminde beslenme tiplerini belirlemek için anket yapıldı. Sadece anne sütüyle beslenen, sadece mama ile beslenen ve karma (anne sütü + mama) beslenen bebekler olarak beslenme şekillerine göre 3 grup oluşturuldu; 2-5 yaş çocukların vücut kitle indeksi hesaplandı ve bu gruplara göre obezite görülme oranı belirlendi ve birbirleri ile karşılaştırma yapıldı. Bulgular: 285'i (%52, 3) kız olmak üzere toplam 545 çocuğun yaş ortalaması 3,4 idi. Vücut kitle indeksine göre yapılan değerlendirmede obezite (≥95 persantil) oranı genel olarak %8,8 olarak tespit edildi. Fazla kilolu çocukların yüzdesi ise sadece formül mama ile beslenen grupta (%28,2) hiç formül mama ile beslenmeyenlere (%16,8) göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (P=0,009). Sonuçlar: Bulgularımız, mamayla beslenmenin vücut ağırlığını anne sütünden daha fazla artırabileceğini gösterdi; bu nedenle özellikle erken çocukluk çağındaki obeziteyi önlemek için ilk 6 ayda sadece anne sütü ile beslenmeyi teşvik etmek gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obezite
• Anne sütü
• Formül mama
• İnfant

Childhood obesity: Is it related to feeding type of the infant?

Öz

Aim: The prevalence of childhood obesity has risen currently, and the relationship between feeding types in the infancy period and childhood obesity remains controversial. It is aimed to investigate the impact of feeding practices in the first six months of life on early childhood obesity in exclusively breast-fed, exclusively formula-fed, and mixed (breast milk and formula) fed Turkish infants. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics at Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital with 545 children aged between 2-5 years. We asked the parents various questions to determine the feeding patterns during infancy. Three groups were formed: Exclusively breastfeed, exclusively formula-fed and the mixed (breast milk and formula) fed group. Obesity rates were determined according to body mass index (BMI) and compared. Results: Among a total of 545 children, with a mean age of 3.4 years, there were 285 (52,3%) females. Evaluation based on BMI revealed that the obesity (≥95th percentile) rate was 8.8% and the percentage of overweight children was significantly higher in the only formula-fed group (28.2%) compared to those who were only breast-fed (16.8%) (P=0.009). Conclusions: Our findings showed that feeding the child exclusively with formula during the first six months of life may increase body weight during early childhood more than feeding solely breast milk. Therefore, it is necessary to promote breastfeeding to prevent childhood obesity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• obesity
• Breast milk
• Formula
• Infant

Kaynakça

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