Okul Hemşirelerinin Uyguladığı Sağlık Eğitimi Programının İlköğretim Öğrencilerinin Sağlık Algısı, Sağlık Davranışları ve Sağlık Kontrolü Üzerine Etkinliği

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, okul hemşireleri tarafından uygulanan sağlık eğitim programının ilkokul öğrencilerinin sağlık algısı, sağlık davranışları ve sağlık kontrolü üzerindeki etkililiğinin araştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Tek gruplu ön test son test yarı deneysel çalışma, Eylül 2016 ile Haziran 2019 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'de 1433 öğrencinin bulunduğu bir ilkokulda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler Öğrenci Tanımlama Formu, Çocuklarda Sağlık Algısı ve Sağlık Davranışları Ölçeği, Çocuklarda Sağlık Kontrol Odağı Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Sağlık eğitimi programı; sağlık sorumluluğu, yeterli ve dengeli beslenme, uyku, dinlenme ve egzersiz, kazalardan korunma ve güvenli sınıf ortamı, kişisel hijyen konularından oluşmuştur. Veriler ön test eğitim programından önce, son test eğitim programının bitiminden sonra toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin kontrol odağı ölçeği ve sağlık algısı ve sağlık davranışları ölçeği puan ortalamalarında anlamlı bir artış saptanmıştır (p <.05). Sonuç: Hemşire tarafından verilen sağlık eğitim programı olumlu sağlık davranışlarının kazandırılmasında etkili olmuştur. Okullarda verilecek sağlık eğitiminde öğrencilerin olumlu sağlık davranışlarını kazandırmaya yönelik etkinliklere katılımı sağlanmalı. Öğrencilerin etkileşimli, katılımcı bir eğitimle daha kalıcı öğrenmeleri ve öğrendiklerinin davranışa daha kolay aktarılması sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sağlık eğitimi
• sağlık davranışı
• sağlıkta kontrol odağı
• ilkokul öğrencisi
• okul hemşireliği

The Effectiveness of Health Education Program Implemented by School Nurses on Primary School Students' Health Perception, Health Behaviors and Health Control

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of health education program implemented by school nurses on primary school students’ health perception, health behaviors and health control. Methods: Single-group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental study was conducted in Türkiye between September 2016 and June 2019 at a primary school with 1433 students. Data were collected using Student Description Form, Scale of Health Perception and Health Behaviors in Children, Scale of Health Control Focus in Children. Health education program was composed of health responsibility, adequate and balanced nutrition, sleep, rest and exercise, protection from accidents and a safe classroom environment, and personal hygiene. Data were collected pretest, posttest after the end of the education program. Results: There was a significant increase in the students’ mean scores on the control focus scale and the health perceptions and health behaviors scale (p <.05). Conclusion: Health education program given by the nurse was effective in instilling positive health behaviors. In health education to be given in schools, the effective participation of students in activities relating to gaining positive health behaviors must be ensured, and more permanent learning and easier transfer of what has been learned into behavior must be ensured by interactive, participatory education of students.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• health education
• health behavior
• health focus of control
• primary school student
• school nursing

Kaynakça

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