“Sihir” den “Tedavi” ye Mantarlar

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 29.05.2025

Gül Baktır

Öz

Psikedelikler algı, biliş ve ruh halinde değişikliklere yol açabilen, halüsinojenik etkileri bulunan serotonin 5-HT2A reseptör agonistleridir. Bu derleme makalede, LSD, dimetiltriptamin, meskalin gibi “klasik psikedelikler” sınıfına dahil olan psilosibin ve psilosin’ in kimyasal ve farmakolojik özellikleri ile tedavide kullanım potansiyelleri incelenmektedir. Psikedeliklerin tedavide kullanımlarına ilişkin çalışmalar ilaç endüstrisi tarafından uzun bir süre ihmal edilmişse de, yakın tarihli klinik araştırmalar özellikle psilosibin destekli psikoterapinin depresyon, kansere bağlı anksiyete, tedaviye dirençli depresyon gibi endikasyonlarda etkili olabileceğini göstermiştir. Psilosibin destekli tedavilerin umut vaat etmesi üzerine, FDA psilosibin’e tedaviye dirençli depresyon için "Çığır Açan Tedavi" statüsü onayı vererek, mevcut tedavi seçeneklerine göre avantaj gösterebileceğini kabul etmiştir. Yeni ilaç keşfine ilişkin araştırma-geliştirme programlarının temel koşulları olan fon sağlama ve sağlık otoritelerince belirlenen yasal düzenlemelere uyma zorunluluğu nedeniyle bu araştırmalardan sağlanabilecek terapötik faydanın hastalara ulaşabilmesi, hükümetlerin, ilaç şirketlerinin ve kâr amacı gütmeyen kuruluşların birlikte çalışmalarını gerekli
kılmaktadır. Psilosibin ile çok çeşitli psikiyatrik endikasyonlarda çok sayıda klinik araştırma halen devam etmekte olup FDA nezdinde “yeni ilaç ruhsat başvurusu” yapılması durumunda mevcut yasal sınıflandırmasında da değişikliğe gidilmesi söz konusu olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Psikedelikler , sihirli mantarlar , Psilocybe , psilosibin , psilosin , terapötik potansiyel

Kaynakça

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