D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19

Hüseyin Feyzi Özmen; Ömer Çetin

D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19

Öz

Çin’in Wuhan eyaletinde ortaya çıkan ve kısa zamanda tüm dünyaya yayılan SARSCoV-2 (şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs-2), yeni bir koronavirüs olup damlacık yoluyla bulaşmakta ve COVID-19 (koronavirüs hastalığı 2019) hastalığına neden olmaktadır. Hastalık genelde asemptomatik seyrederken bazı vakalarda hafif-orta veya şiddetli semptomlar görülebilmektedir. Koronavirüs hastalığı ilk görüldüğü tarihten yaklaşık 1 yıl sonra pandemi olarak ilan edilmiş ve beraberinde aşı ve tedavi arayışları da yoğunlaşmıştır. D vitamini, kalsiyum emilimi ve kemik mineralizasyonu gibi iskelet sistemine ait görevleri bulunan; ancak immünomodülatör görevlere de sahip olduğu düşünülen bir maddedir. Yağda çözünmekte, temel olarak ultraviyole (UV) irradyasyon yoluyla deride sentezlenmekte ve aynı zamanda yağlı balık ve balık karaciğer yağı başta olmak üzere besinlerden, zenginleştirilmiş besinlerden veya D vitamini desteklerinden alınabilmektedir. Henüz konsensus sağlanamasa da, D vitamininin akut solunum yolu enfeksiyon riskiyle ilişkili olduğunu gösteren gözlemsel ve klinik çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bununla birlikte vitaminin, sitokin salınımını regüle etme ve βdefensin ve katelisidin gibi antimikrobiyal peptidleri eksprese etme yoluyla COVID-19’da prognozu iyileştirdiği öne sürülmektedir. Pandeminin başlarında ekolojik çalışmalarca D vitamini ile COVID-19 arasında bir korelasyon olduğu bildirilmiştir. Bu korelasyon diğer gözlemsel çalışmalarla da desteklenmiş, D vitaminindeki yetersizliğin COVID-19 enfeksiyonunda artmış duyarlılık, yükselmiş hastanede yatış oranı, uzamış hastanede kalış süresi ve artmış hastalık şiddeti ve mortalite ile ilişkili olduğu bildirilmiştir. Ancak, D vitamini desteğinin hastalık şiddetine ve mortaliteye etkisini inceleyen az sayıdaki klinik çalışma, tasarım bakımından farklılıklar göstermiş, tutarsız sonuçlar vermiş ve D vitamini ile hastalık şiddeti veya mortalite arasındaki ilişkiyi kanıtlamada yetersiz kalmıştır. Koronavirüs hastalığı ile D vitamini arasındaki ilişkiyi inceleyen daha fazla sayıda iyi tasarlanmış klinik çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Alberca, G.G.F. & Alberca, R.W. (2022). ‘‘Role of vitamin D deficiency and Comorbidities in COVID-19’’, World J Virol, 11(1): 85-89.
Ali, N. (2020). ‘‘Role of Vitamin D in Preventing of COVID-19 İnfection, Progression and Severity’’, J Infect Public Health, 13(10): 1373-1380.
Ben-Eltriki, M., Hopefl, R., Wright, J.M. & Deb, S. (2022). ‘‘Association between Vitamin D Status and Risk of Developing Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies’’, J Am Nutr Assoc, 41(7): 679-689.
Beyerstedt, S., Casaro, E. B., Rangel, E. B. (2021). ‘‘COVID-19: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Expression and Tissue Susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 İnfection’’, Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis, 40: 905-919.
Borsche, L., Glauner, B. & Mendel, J. (2021). ‘‘COVID-19 Mortality Risk Correlates Inversely with Vitamin D3 Status, and a Mortality Rate Close to Zero Could Theoretically Be Achieved at 50 ng/mL 25(OH)D3: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’’, Nutrients, 13(10): 3596
Bourgonje, A. R., Abdulle, A. E., Timens, W. T., Hillebrands, J., Navis, G., Gordijn, S. J., Bolling, M. C., Dijkstra, G., Voors, A. A., Osterhaus, A. D. M. E., Van der Voort, P. H. J., Mulder, D. J. & van Goor H. (2020). ‘‘Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), SARSCoV-2 and The Pathophysiology of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)’’, The Journal of Pathology, 251: 228-248.
Brighthope, I., Am, A.S. & Ried, K. (2021). ‘‘Vitamin-D and COVID-19: Time for The Profession to Take a Stand’’, Adv Integr Med, 8(2): 77-78.
Cannata-Andia, J.B., Diaz-Sottolano, A., Fernández, P., Palomo-Antequera, C., HerreroPuente, P., Mouzo, R., Carrillo-López, N., Panizo, S., Ibañez, G.H., Cusumano, C.A., Ballarino, C., Sánchez-Polo, V., Pefaur-Penna, J., Maderuelo-Riesco, I., Calviño-Varela, J., Gómez, M.D., Gómez-Alonso, C., Cunningham, J., Naves-Díaz, M., Douthat, W., Fernández-Martín,

J.L. & COVID-VIT-D trial collaborators. (2022). ‘‘A Single-Oral Bolus of 100,000 IU of Cholecalciferol at Hospital Admission Did Not İmprove Outcomes in the COVID-19 Disease: the COVID-VIT-D—A Randomised Multicentre İnternational Clinical Trial’’, BMC Medicine, 20:83.
Castillo, M.E., Costa, L.M.E., Barrios, J.M.V., Díaz, J.F.A., Miranda, J.L., Bouillon, R. & Gomez, J.M.Q. (2020). “Effect of Calcifediol Treatment and Best Available Therapy Versus Best Available Therapy on İntensive Care Unit Admission and Mortality among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Study”, J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol, 203: 105751.
CDC. (2022). ‘‘Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)’’, https://www.cdc.gov/dotw/covid19/index.html, (erişim: 15.01.2023). Cheung, C.L. & Cheung, B.M.Y. (2021). ‘‘Vitamin D and COVID-19: Causal Factor or Bystander?’’, Postgrad Med J, 97(1149): 413-414.
Cho, H.E., Myung, S.K. & Cho, H. (2022). ‘‘Efficacy of Vitamin D Supplements in Prevention of Acute Respiratory Infection: A Meta-Analysis for Randomized Controlled Trials’’, Nutrients, 14, 818.
Dominguez, L.J., Farruggia, M., Veronese, N. & Barbagallo, M. (2021). ‘‘Vitamin D Sources, Metabolism, and Deficiency: Available Compounds and Guidelines for Its Treatment’’, Metabolites, 11(4), 255.
Dissanayake, H.A., Silva, N.L., Sumanatilleke, M., Silva, S.D.N., Gamage, K.K.K., Dematapitiya, C., Kuruppu, D.C., Ranasinghe, P., Pathmanathan, S. & Katulanda, P. (2021).
‘‘Prognostic and Therapeutic Role of Vitamin D in COVID-19: Systematic Review and Metaanalysis’’, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 107(5): 1484-1502.
Ebrahimzadeh, A., Mohseni, S., Narimani, B., Ebrahimzadeh, A., Kazemi, S., Keshavarz, F., Yaghoubi, M.J. & Milajerdi, A. (2021). ‘‘Association between Vitamin D Status and Risk of Covid-19 in-Hospital Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies’’, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 9: 1-11.
Farid, N., Rola, N., Koch, E.A.T. & Nakhoul, N. (2021). ‘‘Active Vitamin D Supplementation and COVID-19 İnfections: Review’’, Ir J Med Sci, 190(4): 1271-1274.
Gheblawi, M., Wang, K., Viveiros, A., Nyugen, Q., Zhong, J., Turner, A. J., Raizada, M. K., Grant, M. B. & Oudit, G. Y. (2020). ‘‘Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 Receptor and Regulator of the Renin-Angiotensin System’’, Circulation Research, 126: 1456 - 1474.
Giannini, S., Passeri, G., Tripepi, G., Sella, S., Fusaro, M., Arcidiacono, G., Torres, M.O., Michielin, A., Prandini, T., Baffa, V., Aghi, A., Egan, C.G., Brigo, M., Zaninotto, M., Plebani, M., Vettor, R., Fioretto, P., Rossini, M., Vignali, A., Fabris, F. & Bertoldo, F. (2021).
‘‘Effectiveness of In-Hospital Cholecalciferol Use on Clinical Outcomes in Comorbid COVID19 Patients: A Hypothesis-Generating Study’’, Nutrients, 13(1), 219.
Gonzalez-Rayas, J. M. Rayas-Gomez, A. L., Garcia-Gonzalez, J. J., Gonzalez-Yanez, J. M., Hernandez-Hernandez, J. A. & Lopez-Sanchez, R. D. (2020). ‘‘COVID-19 and ACE-inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers-: The Need to Differentiate Between Early İnfection and Acute Lung İnjury’’, Rev Colomb Cardiol, 27(3): 129-131.
Griffin, G., Hewison, M., Hopkin, J., Kenny, R.A., Quinton, R., Rhodes, J., Subramanian, S. & Thickett, D. (2021). ‘‘Preventing Vitamin D Deficiency during The COVID-19 Pandemic: UK Definitions of Vitamin D Sufficiency and Recommended Supplement Dose Are Set Too Low’’, Clinical Medicine, 1: e48-51.
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, ‘‘Vitamin D’’, https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamin-d/, (erişim: 09.02.2023).
Kaya, M.O., Pamukçu, E. & Yakar, B. (2021). ‘‘The Role of Vitamin D Deficiency on COVID19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies’’, Epidemiol Health, 43
Katz, J., Yue, S. & Xue, W. (2021). ‘‘Increased Risk for COVID-19 in Patients with Vitamin D Deficiency’’, Nutrition, 84: 111106.
Khan, A.H., Nasir, N., Nasir, N., Maha, Q. & Rehman, R. (2021). ‘‘Vitamin D and COVID-19: is there a role?’’, Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders, 20(1): 931-938.
Kuba, K., Yamaguchi, T. & Penninger, J. M. (2021). ‘‘Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the Pathogenesis of ARDS in COVID-19’’, Front. Immunol, 12, 5468.
Laird, E., Rhodes, J. & Kenny, R.A. (2020). ‘‘Vitamin D and Inflammation: Potential Implications for Severity of Covid-19’’, Ir Med J., 113(5): 81.
Liu, N., Sun, J., Wang, X., Zhang, T., Zhao, M. & Li, H. (2021). ‘‘Low Vitamin D Status İs Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outcomes: A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis’’, Int J Infect Dis, 104: 58-64.
Mariani, J., Giménez, V.M.M., Bergam, I., Tajer, C., Antonietti, L., Inserra, F., Ferder, L. & Manucha, W. (2020). ‘‘Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and COVID-19 Incidence, Complications, and Mortality in 46 Countries: An Ecological Study’’, Health Secur, 19(3): 302- 308.
Martineau, A.R. & Cantorna, M.T. (2022). ‘‘Vitamin D for COVID-19: Where Are We Now?’’, Nature Reviews Immunology, 22: 529-530.
Martineau, A.R., Jolliffe, D.A., Hooper, R.L., Greenberg, L., Aloia, J.F., Bergman, P., DubnovRaz, G., Esposito, S., Ganmaa, D., Ginde, A.A., Goodall, E.C., Grant, C.C., Griffiths, C.J., Janssens, W., Laaksi, I., Manaseki-Holland, S., Mauger, D., Murdoch, D.R., Neale, R., Rees, J.R., Simpson Jr, S., Stelmach, I., Kumar, G.T., Urashima, M. & Camargo Jr, C.A. (2017). ‘‘Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent Acute Respiratory Tract İnfections: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of İndividual Participant Data’’, BMJ, 356: i6583.
Matsui, M.S. (2020). ‘‘Vitamin D Update’’, Curr Dermatol Rep, 9(4): 323-330.
Murai, I.H., Fernandes, A.L., Sales, L.P., Pinto, A.J., Goessler, K.F., Duran, C.S.C., Silva, C.B.R., Franco, A.S., Macedo, M.B., Dalmolin, H.H.H., Baggio, J., Balbi, G.G.M., Reis, B.Z., Antonangelo, L., Caparbo, V.F., Gualano, B. & Pereira, R.M.R. (2021). ‘‘Effect of a Single High Dose of Vitamin D3 on Hospital Length of Stay in Patients With Moderate to Severe COVID-19 A Randomized Clinical Trial’’, JAMA, 325(11): 1-9.
Ni, W., Yang, X., Yang, D., Bao, J., Li, R., Xiao, Y., Hou, C., Wang, H., Liu, J., Yang, D., Xu, Y., Cao, Z. & Gao, Z. (2020). ‘‘Role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) in COVID19’’, Critical Care, 24: 422.
Pereira, M., Damascena, A.D., Azevedo, L.M.G., Oliveira, T.A. & Santana, J.M. (2020). ‘‘Vitamin D Deficiency Aggravates COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’’, Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 62(5): 1308-1316.
Pham, H., Rahman, A., Majidi, A., Waterhouse, M. & Neale, R.E. (2019). ‘‘Acute Respiratory Tract Infection and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration: A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis’’, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16, 320.
Rawat, D., Roy, A., Maitra, S., Shankar, V., Khanna, P. & Baidya, D.K. (2021). ‘‘Vitamin D Supplementation and COVID-19 Treatment. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’’, Diabetes Metab Syndr, 15(4): 102189.
Rhodes, J.M., Subramanian, S., Laird, F. & Kenny, R.A. (2020). ‘‘Editorial: Low Population Mortality from COVID-19 in Countries South of Latitude 35 Degrees North Supports Vitamin D as a Factor Determining Severity’’, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 51(12): 1434-1437.
Saxena, P., Nigam, K., Mukherjee, S., Chadha, S. & Sanyal, S. (2022). ‘‘Relation of vitamin D to COVID-19’’, J Virol Methods, 301: 114418.
Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN). (2016). ‘‘Vitamin D and Health’’, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/ file/537616/SACN_Vitamin_D_and_Health_report.pdf, (erişim: 23.02.2023).
Sidiropoulou, P., Docea, A.O, Nikolaou, V., Katsarou, M., Spandidos, D.A., Tsatsakis, A., Calina, D. & Drakoulis, N. (2021). ‘‘Unraveling The Roles of Vitamin D Status and Melanin during COVID-19 (Review)’’, Int J Mol Med, 47(1): 92-100.
Silhol, F., Sarlon, G., Deharo, J., Vaïsse, B. (2020). ‘‘Downregulation of ACE2 İnduces Overstimulation of The Renin-Angiotensin System in COVID-19: Should We Block The Renin-Angiotensin System?’’, Hypertension Research, 43: 854-856.
Stroehlein, J.K., Wallqvist, J., Iannizzi, C., Mikolajewska, A., Metzendorf, M., Benstoem, C., Meybohm, P., Becker, M., Skoetz, N., Stegemann, M. & Piechotta, V. (2021). ‘‘Vitamin D Supplementation for The Treatment of COVID-19: A Living Systematic Review’’, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 5. Subramanian, S., Griffin, G., Hewison, M., Hopkin, J., Kenny, R.A., Laird, E., Quinton, R. & Thickett, D. (2022). ‘‘Vitamin D and COVID-19 – Revisited’’, Journal of Internal Medicine, 00: 1-23.
Teshome, A., Adane, A., Girma, B. & Mekonnen, Z.A. (2021). ‘‘The Impact of Vitamin D Level on COVID-19 Infection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis’’, Front. Public Health, 9. Thacher, T.D. (2022). ‘‘Evaluating the Evidence in Clinical Studies of Vitamin D in COVID19’’, Nutrients, 14(3), 464.
Vasheghani, M., Rekabi, M. & Sadr, M. (2022). ‘‘Protective role of vitamin D status against COVID-19: a mini-review’’, Endocrine, 79: 235-24.
Villasis-Keever, M.A., López-Alarcón M.G., Miranda-Novales, G., Zurita-Cruz, J.N., Barranda-Vázquez, A.S., González-Ibarra, J., Martínez-Reyes, M., Grajales-Muñiz, C., Santacruz-Tinoco, C.E., Martínez-Miguel, B., Maldonado-Hernández, J., Cifuentes-González, Y., Klünder-Klünder, M., Garduño-Espinosa, J., López-Martínez, B. & Parra-Ortega, I. (2022). ‘‘Efficacy and Safety of Vitamin D Supplementation to Prevent COVID-19 in Frontline Healthcare Workers. A Randomized Clinical Trial’’, Arch Med Res, 53(4): 423-430.
Wang, Z., Joshi, A., Leopold, K., Jackson, S., Christensen, S., Nayfeh, T., Mohammed, K., Creo, A., Tebben, P. & Kumar, S. (2022). ‘‘Association of Vitamin D Deficiency with COVID‐ 19 İnfection Severity: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis’’, Clinical Endocrinology, 96: 281-287.
WHO. (2020). ‘‘Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Situation Report – 115’’, https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200514-covid-19- sitrep-115.pdf, (erişim: 16.01.2023).
WHO. (2023). ‘‘WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard’’, https://covid19.who.int/, (erişim: 05.01.2023).
Yadav, D., Birdi, A., Tomo, S., Charan, J., Bhardwaj, P. & Sharma, P. (2021). ‘‘Association of Vitamin D Status with COVID-19 Infection and Mortality in the Asia Pacific region: A CrossSectional Study’’, Indian J Clin Biochem, 36(4): 492-497.
Yisak, H., Ewunetei, A., Kefale, B., Mamuye, M., Teshome, F., Ambaw, B. & Yitbarek, G.Y. (2021). ‘‘Effects of Vitamin D on COVID-19 Infection and Prognosis: A Systematic Review’’, Risk Manag Healthc Policy, 14: 31-38.
Zhu, Z., Zhu, X., Gu, L., Zhan, Y., Chen, L. & Li, X. (2022). ‘‘Association Between Vitamin D and Influenza: Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials’’, Front Nutr., 8: 799709.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

İç Hastalıkları

Bölüm

Derleme

Yazarlar

Hüseyin Feyzi Özmen
0009-0002-2203-5856
Türkiye

Ömer Çetin Bu kişi benim
0000-0002-5269-090X
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

16 Haziran 2023

Gönderilme Tarihi

31 Mart 2023

Kabul Tarihi

14 Haziran 2023

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2023 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA38CJ37EY

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Özmen, H. F., & Çetin, Ö. (2023). D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19. İstanbul Rumeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1), 107-120. https://izlik.org/JA38CJ37EY

AMA

1.Özmen HF, Çetin Ö. D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19. RUMELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ. 2023;2(1):107-120. https://izlik.org/JA38CJ37EY

Chicago

Özmen, Hüseyin Feyzi, ve Ömer Çetin. 2023. “D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19”. İstanbul Rumeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2 (1): 107-20. https://izlik.org/JA38CJ37EY.

EndNote

Özmen HF, Çetin Ö (01 Haziran 2023) D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19. İstanbul Rumeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2 1 107–120.

IEEE

[1]H. F. Özmen ve Ö. Çetin, “D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19”, RUMELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ, c. 2, sy 1, ss. 107–120, Haz. 2023, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA38CJ37EY

ISNAD

Özmen, Hüseyin Feyzi - Çetin, Ömer. “D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19”. İstanbul Rumeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2/1 (01 Haziran 2023): 107-120. https://izlik.org/JA38CJ37EY.

JAMA

1.Özmen HF, Çetin Ö. D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19. RUMELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ. 2023;2:107–120.

MLA

Özmen, Hüseyin Feyzi, ve Ömer Çetin. “D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19”. İstanbul Rumeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 2, sy 1, Haziran 2023, ss. 107-20, https://izlik.org/JA38CJ37EY.

Vancouver

1.Hüseyin Feyzi Özmen, Ömer Çetin. D VİTAMİNİ VE COVID-19. RUMELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ DERGİSİ [Internet]. 01 Haziran 2023;2(1):107-20. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA38CJ37EY