MALASSEZİA' NIN NEDEN OLDUĞU ENFEKSİYONLAR VE TANISI

Öz

Malassezia türleri sıcakkanlı konakçıların derisinin zorunlu veya zorunlu olmayan lipofilik, normal flora organizmalarıdır; uygun koşullarda, derinin ve ilişkili dokuların yüzeysel enfeksiyonlarına neden olurlar. Malassezia enfeksiyonları yüzeysel lokalize olarak ortaya çıkabilmekle birlikte veya bağışıklık sistemi baskılanmış konakçılarda sistemik enfeksiyonlar şeklinde de görülebilmektedir. Malassezia enfeksiyonları genellikle ciltte kızarıklık kaşıntı, koku ve kepeklenme gibi semptomlarla kendini göstermektedir. Hayvanlarda bu etkenlerin yol açtığı lezyonlar, genellikle kulaklarda, patilerde ve deri kıvrımlarında daha yaygındır. Enfeksiyonun teşhisi, klinik belirtilerin değerlendirilmesi, makroskobik ve mikroskobik incelemeler, kültür ve moleküler tanı yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirilmektedir. Tedavide, enfeksiyona neden olan predispoze faktörlerin ortadan kaldırılması için gereken koruma ve kontrol yaklaşımlarının uygulanması ve etken identifikasyonu sonrası uygulanan antifungal duyarlılık test sonuçları doğrultusunda uygun preparatların kullanılması ile başarı sağlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Malassezia mayalarının hayvan vücudundaki çeşitliliği ve rolü hakkındaki güncel bilgiler, yeni tanı ve tedavi yöntemleri derlenerek, enfeksiyonla mücadele ve tedavi planları açısından yeni bir bakış açısı getirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hayvan
• İzolasyon
• Kültür
• Malassezia spp.
• Tedavi

INFECTIONS CAUSED BY MALASSEZIA AND THEIR DIAGNOSIS

Öz

Malassezia species are obligatory or non-obligatory lipophilic organisms that are part of the normal flora on the skin of warm-blooded hosts. Under suitable conditions, they can cause superficial infections of the skin and associated tissues. Malassezia infections can present as localized superficial conditions or, in immunocompromised hosts, as systemic infections. Malassezia infections generally manifest with symptoms such as redness, itching, odor, and skin flaking. In animals, lesions caused by these agents are more commonly observed on the ears, paws, and skin folds. Diagnosis of the infection is carried out through evaluating clinical signs, macroscopic and microscopic examinations, culture, and molecular diagnostic methods. Successful treatment involves addressing predisposing factors contributing to the infection through preventive and control measures and using appropriate preparations based on antifungal susceptibility test results following the identification of the causative agent. This study aims to provide an updated overview of the diversity and role of Malassezia yeasts in animal bodies, compile new diagnostic and treatment methods, and offer a new perspective for combating and treating infections.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Animal
• İsolation
• Culture
• Malassezia spp.
• Treatment

Kaynakça

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