PİKANIN PSİKİYATRİK YÖNÜ: GELENEKSEL BİR DERLEME

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 16 - 36, 31.12.2024

Damla Erbaş , Havva Gül Kara , Çiçek Hocaoğlu

Öz

Pika, besleyici değeri olmayan maddelerin uzun süreli ve tekrarlayan bir şekilde tüketilmesi ile karekterize edilen bir yeme bozukluğudur. Çocuklar, gebe kadınlar ve bazı özel nüfus gruplarında daha sık görülmekle birlikte, her yaş ve cinsiyette ortaya çıkabilen bir durumdur. Pikanın etiyolojisi tam olarak anlaşılamamış olup; beslenme eksiklikleri, özellikle demir ve çinko gibi minerallerin eksikliği, psikososyal stres faktörleri, gelişimsel bozukluklar ve kültürel alışkanlıklar gibi çeşitli biyolojik, psikolojik ve çevresel etkenlerin bir kombinasyonundan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Pika tanısı genellikle klinik öykü, fiziksel muayene ve gerektiğinde laboratuvar testleri ile konulur. Tanının ardından, bireyselleştirilmiş tedavi planları geliştirilir. Bu planlar, beslenme eksikliklerinin giderilmesine yönelik diyet düzenlemeleri, davranışsal terapi ve bazı vakalarda psikofarmakolojik müdahaleleri içerir. Ayrıca, altta yatan nedenlere yönelik tedaviler de önemli bir yer tutar. Erken tanı ve müdahale, pikanın neden olabileceği olası sağlık sorunlarını önlemek açısından kritik öneme sahiptir. Bu makalede, pikanın etiyolojisi, tanısı ve tedavi yöntemleri üzerine mevcut literatürü gözden geçirerek, bu bozukluğun anlaşılması ve yönetimi konusunda kapsamlı bir bakış açısı sunulması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pika, Tedavi, Tanı

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Teşekkür

Yok

PSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS OF PICA: A TRADITIONAL REVIEW

Öz

Pica is an eating disorder characterized by the persistent and recurrent consumption of non-nutritive substances over an extended period. It is a condition that can manifest across all ages and genders, although it is more frequently observed in children, pregnant women, and certain special populations. The etiology of pica remains incompletely understood; however, it is believed to result from a combination of various biological, psychological, and environmental factors, including nutritional deficiencies (particularly of minerals such as iron and zinc) psychosocial stressors, developmental disorders, and cultural practices. The diagnosis of pica is typically made through clinical history, physical examination, and, when necessary, laboratory tests. Following diagnosis, individualized treatment plans are developed. These treatment plans include dietary modifications to address nutritional deficiencies, behavioral therapy, and in some cases, psychopharmacological interventions. Additionally, treatments targeting the underlying causes play a crucial role. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical in preventing potential health complications associated with pica. This article aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the understanding and management of pica by reviewing the current literature on its etiology, diagnosis, and treatment approaches.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pica, Treatment, diagnosis

Kaynakça

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