Farklı Sürelerdeki CrossFit Antrenmanlarının Sedanter Bireyler Üzerindeki Etkileri

Year 2025, Issue: Advanced Online Publication, 647 - 656

Furkan Şen , Mert Aydoğmuş , Mustafa Nurullah Kadı

https://doi.org/10.56639/jsar.1790748

Abstract

The Effects of CrossFit Training Sessions of Different Durations on Sedentary Individuals

Abstract

The current study was designed to examine the effects of Crossfit training, applied for different durations, on physical and motor parameters in sedentary individuals. The study included a total of 30 participants, 16 men and 14 women. Participants' height was measured using a stadiometer, and body composition was recorded using an Inbody 270 bioelectrical impedance analysis device. Jump performance measurements were also taken using the Smart Speed Jump mat. Grip, back, and leg strength were assessed using dynamometers. Physical parameters were measured using push-ups, sit-ups, and han-ging time on the bar, and the results were recorded. The tests were administered im-mediately after the adaptation period, with pre-tests for both the 4-week group and the 8-week group. The post-tests were conducted immediately after the completion of the training programs for both groups. The analyses revealed a significant difference in body mass index between the two groups (p<0.05). In addition, a significant difference was found in the leg strength, sit-up counts, and right-left grip strength of sedentary individuals (P<0.05). A significant difference was found in the average hang time and average vertical jump height in the 8-week Crossfit group (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that Crossfit exercises, when applied for different durations, can have positive effects on physical and motor parameters and that Crossfit training should be included as an effective method among exercise options for sedentary indi-viduals to maintain a healthy and active lifestyle.

Keywords

Crossfit training , Sedentary , Motor parameters

Ethical Statement

This study was reviewed by the Non-Interventional Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Karabük University and found to be ethically acceptable (Decision No: 2022/1169, Approval No: E-77192459-050.99-199020). The research was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were informed about the purpose and scope of the study and provided their voluntary consent.

Supporting Institution

This work has not been supported by any institution or organization.

Thanks

The author(s) would like to thank all participants for their voluntary contributions to the study.

References

• American College of Sports Medicine. (2021). ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (11th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
• Azab, M. (2019). Effects of battle rope exercises on power and leaping ability in rhythmic gymnastics for female college students. Ovidius University Annals, Series Physical Education & Sport/Science, Movement & Health, 19(2), 266-271.
• Barfield, J. P., & Anderson, A. (2014). Effect of CrossFit™ on health-related physical fitness: A pilot study. Journal of Sport and Human Performance, 2(1), 23–28. https://doi.org/10.12922/jshp.0033.2014
• Biswas, A., Oh, P. I., Faulkner, G. E., Bajaj, R. R., Silver, M. A., Mitchell, M. S., & Alter, D. A. (2015). Sedentary time and its association with risk for disease incidence, mortality, and hospitalization in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine, 162(2), 123–132. https://doi.org/10.7326/M14-1651
• Bosco, C., Luhtanen, P., & Komi, P. V. (1983). A simple method for measurement of mechanical power in jumping. European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology, 50(2), 273–282. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00422166
• Brandt, T., Heinz, E., Klaaßen, Y., Limbara, S., Mörsdorf, M., Schinköthe, T., & Schmidt, A. (2022). MedXFit—Effects of 6 months Crossfit® in sedentary and inactive employees: A prospective, controlled, longitudinal, intervention study. Health Science Reports, 5(5), e749. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.749
• Brisebois, M. F., McDonald, M. W., & McDonald, S. M. (2017). Fitness adaptations following eight weeks of CrossFit® training in sedentary individuals. International Journal of Exercise Science, 10(3), 357–368. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/ijesab/vol2/iss9/68/
• Caspersen, C. J., Powell, K. E., & Christenson, G. M. (1985). Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health‐related research. Public Health Reports, 100(2), 126–131.
• Claudino, J. G., Gabbett, T. J., Bourgeois, F., de Sá Souza, H., Miranda, R. C., Mezêncio, B., Soncin, R., Cardoso Filho, C. A., Bottaro, M., Hernandez, A. J., Amadio, A. C., & Serrão, J. C. (2018). CrossFit® overview: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Medicine - Open, 4(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-018-0124-5
• Çalışkan, M. Y. (2020). The effect of CrossFit training on vertical jump and leg strength: A study on female volleyball players. National Kines Journal, 1(1), 17–21.
• Dalbo, V. J., & Carron, M. A. (2024). A comparison of physical activity and exercise recommendations for public health: Inconsistent activity messages are being conveyed to the general public. Sports, 12(12), 335. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12120335
• Dilber, A. O., & Doğru, Y. (2018). The effect of high-intensity functional exercises on anthropometric and physiological characteristics in sedentary individuals. Uluslararası Spor Egzersiz ve Antrenman Bilimi Dergisi, 4(2), 64–69. https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.425483
• Fernández-Fernández, J., Sabido, R., Moya, D., Sarabia, J. M., & Moya-Ruano, M. R. (2020). Acute physiological responses during CrossFit® workouts. European Journal of Human Movement, 44, 1–12.
• Glassman, G. (2007). Understanding CrossFit. CrossFit Journal. https://journal.crossfit.com/article/understanding-Crossfit
• Haynes, E., & DeBeliso, M. (2019). The relationship between CrossFit performance and grip strength. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 5(1), 15–21. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.515874
• Hekim, M. (2014). Health problems caused by sedentary lifestyles, which are a global issue, and the importance of physical activity in preventing health problems arising from sedentary lifestyles. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Davraz Congress (pp. 2363–2371).
• Heinrich, K. M., Patel, P., O’Neal, J., & Heinrich, B. S. (2014). High-intensity compared to moderate-intensity training for exercise initiation, enjoyment, adherence, and intentions: An intervention study. BMC Public Health, 14, 789. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-789
• Heyward, V. H., & Gibson, A. L. (2014). Advanced fitness assessment and exercise prescription (7th ed.). Human Kinetics.
• Kliszczewicz, B., Buresh, R., Bechke, E., Williamson, C., & Epicoco, E. (2017). Metabolic and cardiovascular response to the CrossFit workout “Cindy”: A pilot study. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 58(5), 573–579. https://doi.org/10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07203-0
• Kyle, U. G., Bosaeus, I., De Lorenzo, A. D., Deurenberg, P., Elia, M., Gómez, J. M., Heitmann, B. L., Kent-Smith, L., Melchior, J. C., Pirlich, M., Scharfetter, H., Schols, A. M. W. J., & Pichard, C. (2004). Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part I: Review of principles and methods. Clinical Nutrition, 23(5), 1226–1243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2004.06.004
• Ling, C. H. Y., de Craen, A. J. M., Slagboom, P. E., Gunn, D. A., Stokkel, M. P., Westendorp, R. G. J., & Maier, A. B. (2011). Accuracy of direct segmental multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis in the assessment of total body and segmental body composition in middle-aged adult population. Clinical Nutrition, 30(5), 610–615. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2011.04.001
• Ling, C. H. Y., de Craen, A. J. M., Slagboom, P. E., Gunn, D. A., Stokkel, M. P., Westendorp, R. G. J., & Maier, A. B. (2013). Validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis for estimating skeletal muscle mass in middle-aged and elderly adults. Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle, 2(2), 114–121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13539-011-0024-4
• Lohman, T. G., Roche, A. F., & Martorell, R. (1988). Anthropometric standardization reference manual. Human Kinetics.
• Markovic, G. (2007). Does plyometric training improve vertical jump height? A meta-analytical review. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(6), 349–355. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2007.035113
• Martinho, D. V., Travassos, B., Duarte-Mendes, P., & Clemente, F. M. (2024). The physical demands and physiological responses to CrossFit®: A scoping review with evidence gap map and meta-correlation. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 16, 60. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-024-00986-3
• Meier, P., Schlie, C., & Schmidt, M. (2023). Effects of a CrossFit training program on body composition and physical fitness in novice and advanced practitioners. Applied Sciences, 13(2), 1153. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13021153
• Nieuwoudt, S., Keil, M., & Jansen van Vuuren, B. (2017). Effects of an 8-week CrossFit program on body composition and strength. South African Journal of Sports Medicine, 29(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.17159/2078-516X/2017/v29i1a572
• Norton, K., & Olds, T. (1996). Anthropometrica: A textbook of body measurement for sports and health courses. UNSW Press.
• Owen, N., Healy, G. N., Matthews, C. E., & Dunstan, D. W. (2010). Too much sitting: The population-health science of sedentary behavior. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 38(3), 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1097/JES.0b013e3181e373a2
• Piggin, J. (2020). What is physical activity? A holistic definition for teachers. Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 2, Article 72. https://doi.org/10.3389/fspor.2020.00072
• Schlegel, P., et al. (2022). MedXFit—Effects of 6 months CrossFit® training in sedentary and inactive employees: A prospective, controlled, longitudinal, intervention study. Health Science Reports, 5(6), e944. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.944
• Smith, M. M., Sommer, A. J., Starkoff, B. E., & Devor, S. T. (2013). CrossFit-based high-intensity power training improves maximal aerobic fitness and body composition. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 27(11), 3159–3172. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828bbbd4
• Södergren, M., Ekelund, U., et al. (2008). Physical activity, exercise and self-rated health: A population-based study. BMC Public Health, 8, 352. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-352
• Ünal, M., Bayrakdaroğlu, S., & Dalkılıç, M. (2020). Exercise and healthy living: Effects on individuals. Journal of Health Sciences, 29(2), 210–218.
• Valenzuela Pérez, D. I., Miarka, B., et al. (2023). Effect of CrossFit training on cognition and physiological parameters according to the competitive level. Cognitive Studies | Études Cognitives, 23, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.11649/cs.2880
• Warburton, D. E. R., & Bredin, S. S. D. (2017). Health benefits of physical activity: A systematic review of current systematic reviews. Current Opinion in Cardiology, 32(5), 541–556. https://doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0000000000000437
• World Health Organization. (2020). WHO guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behavior. Geneva: World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240015128
• Yıldız, S. (2019). The importance of handgrip strength measurements in sports science and health. Journal of Sports Science Research, 4(2), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.30769/usbd.567123
• Yüksel, O., Gündüz, B., & Kayhan, M. (2019). Effect of CrossFit training on jump and strength. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 7(1), 121–124. https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v7i1.3896
• Zhai, L., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, D. (2015). Sedentary behaviour and the risk of depression: A meta-analysis. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(11), 705–709. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2014-093613