Araştırma Makalesi
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COMMUNICATIVE ACTION THEORY. A SYSTEM – LIFEWORLD COMPATIBILITY OR INCOMPATIBILITY?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 215 - 237, 31.12.2021

Ahmet Küçük Osman Özkul

Öz

Jürgen Habermas focused, with his “Theory of Communicative Action", on the balancing of system-lifeworld, which is one of the most fundamental problems of social sciences. He tries to do this by using the "rational communication" ignored by structural and action theorists. Habermas pays attention to examining and evaluating different philosophical and sociological ideas in his works. By reflecting his knowledge and experience formed by this attitude, he tries to explain the relationship between system and lifeworld by developing a new intersubjective concept. This study has two objectives. First to reveal what kind of different suggestions Habermas offers to save the idea of the Enlightenment. Secondly to discuss what the positive and negative criticisms brought to these proposals are and their applicability in todays society, in the presence of relevant literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Communicative Action Public Space Lifeworld System

Kaynakça

  • Atiker, E. (1998). Modernizm ve Kitle Toplumu, Vadi yay., Ankara, 91.
  • Bellamy R. (2007). Political Constitutionalism: A Republican Defense of the Constitutionality of Democracy, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2007, s. 150;
  • Boehm, R. (1979). Husserls drei Thesen über die Lebenswelt in: Elisabeth Ströker [Hrsg.], Lebenswelt und Wissenschaft in der Philosophie Edmund Husserls, Vittorio Klostermann Frankfurt am Main.
  • Brunkhorst, H. et al., editors. “PREFACE.” The Habermas Handbook, Columbia University Press, New York, 2018, pp. xi-xii. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.7312/brun16642.3. Accessed 6 Apr. 2021.
  • Cooke M. (1998). On the Pragmatics of Communication, (ed.) Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Coole, D. (1996). Habermas and the Question of Alterity; in: d’Entrèves & Benhabib; 221-44.
  • Carol C. G. (2004). Globalizing Democracy and Human Rights. Cambridge University Press.
  • Dursun, Y. (1999), “Habermas‟ın Söylem Etik‟ine BakıĢı”, Doğu Batı, Y. 3, S. 9, (ss. 101- 117).
  • FOX, C. J. & Hugh M. (1995), Postmodern Public Administration: Toward Discourse, Sage Publications, USA.
  • Gorz A. (1997). Misères du présent, richesse du possible, Paris, Galilée, Édıtıons Galılée, 9, Rue Linne. 75005 Paris.
  • Greven, M. Th. (1991). Macht und Politik in der „Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns„ von Jürgen Habermas, in: Greven, Michael Th. (Hrsg.) 1991: Macht in der Demokratie: Denkanstöße zur Wiederbelebung einer klassischen Frage in der zeitgenössischen politischen Theorie, Baden-Baden: Nomos: 213-239.
  • Gould C. (1999). "Democracy and Diversity: Representing Differences," in Democracy and Difference: Changing Boundaries of the Political, ed. Seyla Benhabib (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1996), 171-186).
  • Güçlü, A. Uzun E., Uzun S. ve Yolsal Ü.H. (2008). Felsefe Sözlüğü. Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları Ankara.
  • Güngen C. (2013). Jurgen Habermas ve “eleştirel demokrasi” (Electronic) Available at: http://www.cangungen.com/2013/07/28/jurgen-habermas-ve-elestirel-demokrasi/
  • Habermas, J. (1962). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, translated by Thomas Burger with the assistance of Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989.
  • Habermas, J. (1962b). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, translated by Thomas Burger with the assistance of Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989, p.7.
  • Habermas, J. (1962c). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, translated by Thomas Burger with the assistance of Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989, p.12.
  • Habermas, J. (1962d). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, translated by Thomas Burger with the assistance of Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989, p.141.
  • Habermas, J. (1967). On the Logic of the Social Sciences, translated by Shierry Weber Nicholsen and Jerry A. Stark. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA and London, England, 1988.
  • Habermas, J. (1965). “Erkenntnis und Interesse”, in Jürgen Habermas: “Technik und Wissenschaft als Ideologie” S.146–168. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp.
  • Habermas J. (1971) “Knowledge and human interests: a general perspective,” in Knowledge and Human Interests trans. by Jeremy J. Shapiro, (Boston: Beacon Press, 1971).
  • Habermas, J. (1973). Legitimationsprobleme im Spätkapitalismus. Frankfurt/M. p.15.
  • Habermas, J. (1981). Dialektik der Rationalisierung. Jürgen Habermas im Gespräch mit Axel Honneth, Eberhard Knödler-Bunte und Arno Widmann. In: Ästhetik und Kommunikation, Heft 45, S. 140.
  • Habermas, J. (1983). Moralbewuβtsein und kommunikatives Handeln, Shurkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main.
  • Habermas, J. (1984). Observations on ‘the spiritual situation of the age.’ Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
  • Habermas, J. (1984). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p.86.
  • Habermas, J. (1984b). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p.397.
  • Habermas, J. (1984c). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p.17
  • Habermas, J. (1984d). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 318.
  • Habermas, J. (1984e). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 119, 173.
  • Habermas, J. (1984f) The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 318-331.
  • Habermas, J. (1984g) The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 126
  • Habermas, J. (1984h) The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 330
  • Habermas, J. (1984i). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 17.
  • Habermas, J. (1984j). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 75.
  • Habermas, J. (1984k). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 106.
  • Habermas, J. (1984l). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 340.
  • Habermas, J. (1984m). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 57.
  • Habermas, J. (1984n). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 45.
  • Habermas, J. (1984o). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 400.
  • Habermas, J. (1984p). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 11.
  • Habermas, J. (1984q). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 25.
  • Habermas, J. (1984r). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 15.
  • Habermas, J. (1992). Postmetaphysical Thinking: Philosophical Essays. (W. M. Hohengarten, Trans.) Cambridge/Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
  • Habermas, J. (1990), The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity, Twelve Lectures, Translator in English Frederick G. Lawrence, MIT Press, Cambridge, p. 294.
  • Habermas, J. (1996). Die Einbeziehung des Anderen: Studien zur politischen Theorie (1. Aufl.). Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
  • Habermas, J. (1996). Between Facts and Norms. Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. Trans. W. Rehg. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Habermas J. (2005) Zwischen Naturalismus und Religion. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
  • Lemasson, L. (2008). The Radical Democracy of Jürgen Habermas: Between Socialism and Anarchy. Revue française de science politique, 1(1), 39-67.
  • Hohendahl P.U. (1992). "The Public Sphere: Models and Boundaries," Habermas and the Public Sphere, Ed. Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, The MIT Press.
  • Hoy, D. C. (1989). „Splitting the Difference: Habermas’s Critique of Derrida“; in: d’Entrèves & Benhabib; S. 124-46.
  • Husserl, E. (1969). Ideas. Çev. W. R. Boyce Gibson. London: Fifth Impression.
  • Husserl, E. (1970). The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology. An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy. Trans. David Carr. Evanston: Northwestern U.P.
  • Husserl, E. (1982). Cartesian Meditations / An Introduction To Phenomenology. (Trans.) Dorian Cairns. Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publisher
  • Kellner D. Habermas, the Public Sphere, and Democracy: A Critical Intervention https://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/essays/habermaspublicspheredemocracy.pdf
  • Koç M. (2020). Kamusal ve Özel Alan Ayrımı Nedir? Available at https://gelecekhukuk.com/kamusal-ve-ozel-alan-ayrimi-nedir-8/
  • Larrain J. (1994). Ideology and Cultural Identity. Camdridge Polity Press.
  • Lemasson, L. (2008). The Radical Democracy of Jürgen Habermas: Between Socialism and Anarchy. Revue française de science politique, 1(1), 39-67.
  • Masschelein J. (1987). Kommunikatives Handeln und Pädagogisches Handeln. Die Bedeutung der Habermasschen kommunikationstheoretischen Wende für die Pädagogig. Deutscher Studien Verlag Weinheim; 58.
  • Moldaschl, M. & Sauer, D. (2000). Internalisierung des Marktes: Zur neuen Dialektik von Kooperation und Herrschaft. H. Minssen (Ed.), Begrenzte Entgrenzungen: Wandlungen von Organisation und Arbeit içinde (s. 205-224). Berlin: Ed. Sigma.
  • Moody, H. R. & Powell, J. L. (2003). “The Challenge of Modernity: Habermas and Critical Theory”, Theory & Science, Volume 4: Issue 1
  • Morel, J. (1989). Soziologische Theorie, München, Wien, Oldenburg. S. 206.
  • Outhwaite, W. (1994). Habermas: A Critical Introduction, Cambridge, Polity Press, 111-17.
  • Özkul, O. (2013). Kültür ve Küreselleşme. (2. Baskı). İstanbul: Açılım Kitap Yayınları.
  • Özalp A. (2009) “Liberal Demokrasinin Derinleştirilmesi Gereği ve Müzakereci Demokrasi”, Uluslararası Davraz Kongresi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi (24-27 Eylül 2009)
  • Pensky, M. (2001), “Society, Morality, and Law: Jürgen Habermas”, The Blackwell Companion to Political Sociology, Editörler: Kate Nash ve Alan Scott, Blackwell Publishing, ss.49-59.
  • Rutherford, P. (2000) The Problem of Nature in Contemporary Socail Theory. Dissertation, Australian National University, Canberra.
  • Schecter, D. (2010), The Critique of Instrumental Reason from Weber to Habermas, Continuum International Publishing, New York.
  • Sitembölükbaşı, Ş. (2005), “Liberal Demokrasinin Çıkmazlarına Çözüm Olarak Müzakereci Demokrasi”, Akdeniz Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, S. 10, (ss. 139–162).
  • Timur, T. (2008). Habermas’ı Okumak. İstanbul, Yordam Yayınları. 263-264.
  • Torun, T. (2018). Yaşam-Dünyasının Sömürgeleştirilmesi Olarak Modernitenin Krizi. Kaygı Dergisi, S:30, 173-190
  • Touraine A. (1995). “Critique of Modernity”. Translated by David Macey Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1995. s. 373
  • Vollrath, E. (1983). „Habermas fundamentalistischer Fehlschluß”; in: Der Staat; 22; S. 406-14.

İLETİŞİMSEL EYLEM KURAMI : YAŞAM DÜNYASI - SİSTEM KAYNAŞMASI mı AYRIŞMASI mı?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 215 - 237, 31.12.2021

Ahmet Küçük Osman Özkul

Öz

Jürgen Habermas geliştirdiği “İletişimsel Eylem” kuramı ile sosyolojinin en temel sorunlarından biri olan, yapı-eylem/sistem-yaşam dünyası dengelenmesine, odaklanmaktadır. Bunu yaparken gerek eylem kuramcılarının gerekse yapı kuramcılarının göz ardı ettikleri “İletişim” aracını kullanmaktadır. Habermas, çok farklı felsefi ve sosyolojik düşünceleri hem eleştirip hem de faydalanmaya özen göstermektedir. Bu tutumuyla oluşturduğu bilgi ve tecrübesini ortaya koyduğu kuramına yansıtarak yapı-eylem ilişkisini özneler arası yeni bir yaklaşım geliştirerek açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Çalışmanın iki amacı vardır. Birincisi Habermas’ın ortaya koyduğu bu yeni kuramın Aydınlanma düşüncesini ve onun savunduğu akılcılığı bu krizden kurtarmak için ne tür farklı öneriler sunduğunu ortaya koymaktır. İkinci olarak bu önerilere getirilen olumlu olumsuz eleştirilerin neler olduğunu ve bunların uygulanabilirliğini tartışmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İletişimsel Eylem Kamusal Alan Yaşam Dünyası Sistem

Kaynakça

  • Atiker, E. (1998). Modernizm ve Kitle Toplumu, Vadi yay., Ankara, 91.
  • Bellamy R. (2007). Political Constitutionalism: A Republican Defense of the Constitutionality of Democracy, New York, Cambridge University Press, 2007, s. 150;
  • Boehm, R. (1979). Husserls drei Thesen über die Lebenswelt in: Elisabeth Ströker [Hrsg.], Lebenswelt und Wissenschaft in der Philosophie Edmund Husserls, Vittorio Klostermann Frankfurt am Main.
  • Brunkhorst, H. et al., editors. “PREFACE.” The Habermas Handbook, Columbia University Press, New York, 2018, pp. xi-xii. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/10.7312/brun16642.3. Accessed 6 Apr. 2021.
  • Cooke M. (1998). On the Pragmatics of Communication, (ed.) Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Coole, D. (1996). Habermas and the Question of Alterity; in: d’Entrèves & Benhabib; 221-44.
  • Carol C. G. (2004). Globalizing Democracy and Human Rights. Cambridge University Press.
  • Dursun, Y. (1999), “Habermas‟ın Söylem Etik‟ine BakıĢı”, Doğu Batı, Y. 3, S. 9, (ss. 101- 117).
  • FOX, C. J. & Hugh M. (1995), Postmodern Public Administration: Toward Discourse, Sage Publications, USA.
  • Gorz A. (1997). Misères du présent, richesse du possible, Paris, Galilée, Édıtıons Galılée, 9, Rue Linne. 75005 Paris.
  • Greven, M. Th. (1991). Macht und Politik in der „Theorie des kommunikativen Handelns„ von Jürgen Habermas, in: Greven, Michael Th. (Hrsg.) 1991: Macht in der Demokratie: Denkanstöße zur Wiederbelebung einer klassischen Frage in der zeitgenössischen politischen Theorie, Baden-Baden: Nomos: 213-239.
  • Gould C. (1999). "Democracy and Diversity: Representing Differences," in Democracy and Difference: Changing Boundaries of the Political, ed. Seyla Benhabib (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1996), 171-186).
  • Güçlü, A. Uzun E., Uzun S. ve Yolsal Ü.H. (2008). Felsefe Sözlüğü. Bilim ve Sanat Yayınları Ankara.
  • Güngen C. (2013). Jurgen Habermas ve “eleştirel demokrasi” (Electronic) Available at: http://www.cangungen.com/2013/07/28/jurgen-habermas-ve-elestirel-demokrasi/
  • Habermas, J. (1962). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, translated by Thomas Burger with the assistance of Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989.
  • Habermas, J. (1962b). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, translated by Thomas Burger with the assistance of Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989, p.7.
  • Habermas, J. (1962c). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, translated by Thomas Burger with the assistance of Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989, p.12.
  • Habermas, J. (1962d). The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, translated by Thomas Burger with the assistance of Frederick Lawrence. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1989, p.141.
  • Habermas, J. (1967). On the Logic of the Social Sciences, translated by Shierry Weber Nicholsen and Jerry A. Stark. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA and London, England, 1988.
  • Habermas, J. (1965). “Erkenntnis und Interesse”, in Jürgen Habermas: “Technik und Wissenschaft als Ideologie” S.146–168. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp.
  • Habermas J. (1971) “Knowledge and human interests: a general perspective,” in Knowledge and Human Interests trans. by Jeremy J. Shapiro, (Boston: Beacon Press, 1971).
  • Habermas, J. (1973). Legitimationsprobleme im Spätkapitalismus. Frankfurt/M. p.15.
  • Habermas, J. (1981). Dialektik der Rationalisierung. Jürgen Habermas im Gespräch mit Axel Honneth, Eberhard Knödler-Bunte und Arno Widmann. In: Ästhetik und Kommunikation, Heft 45, S. 140.
  • Habermas, J. (1983). Moralbewuβtsein und kommunikatives Handeln, Shurkamp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main.
  • Habermas, J. (1984). Observations on ‘the spiritual situation of the age.’ Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
  • Habermas, J. (1984). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p.86.
  • Habermas, J. (1984b). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p.397.
  • Habermas, J. (1984c). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p.17
  • Habermas, J. (1984d). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 318.
  • Habermas, J. (1984e). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 119, 173.
  • Habermas, J. (1984f) The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 318-331.
  • Habermas, J. (1984g) The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 126
  • Habermas, J. (1984h) The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 330
  • Habermas, J. (1984i). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 17.
  • Habermas, J. (1984j). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 75.
  • Habermas, J. (1984k). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 106.
  • Habermas, J. (1984l). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 340.
  • Habermas, J. (1984m). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 57.
  • Habermas, J. (1984n). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 45.
  • Habermas, J. (1984o). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 400.
  • Habermas, J. (1984p). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 11.
  • Habermas, J. (1984q). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. II: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 25.
  • Habermas, J. (1984r). The Theory of Communicative Action Vol. I: Reason and theRationalization of Society, Translator in English Thomas McCarthy, Boston: Beacon Press, p. 15.
  • Habermas, J. (1992). Postmetaphysical Thinking: Philosophical Essays. (W. M. Hohengarten, Trans.) Cambridge/Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
  • Habermas, J. (1990), The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity, Twelve Lectures, Translator in English Frederick G. Lawrence, MIT Press, Cambridge, p. 294.
  • Habermas, J. (1996). Die Einbeziehung des Anderen: Studien zur politischen Theorie (1. Aufl.). Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
  • Habermas, J. (1996). Between Facts and Norms. Contributions to a Discourse Theory of Law and Democracy. Trans. W. Rehg. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
  • Habermas J. (2005) Zwischen Naturalismus und Religion. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
  • Lemasson, L. (2008). The Radical Democracy of Jürgen Habermas: Between Socialism and Anarchy. Revue française de science politique, 1(1), 39-67.
  • Hohendahl P.U. (1992). "The Public Sphere: Models and Boundaries," Habermas and the Public Sphere, Ed. Craig Calhoun, Cambridge, The MIT Press.
  • Hoy, D. C. (1989). „Splitting the Difference: Habermas’s Critique of Derrida“; in: d’Entrèves & Benhabib; S. 124-46.
  • Husserl, E. (1969). Ideas. Çev. W. R. Boyce Gibson. London: Fifth Impression.
  • Husserl, E. (1970). The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology. An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy. Trans. David Carr. Evanston: Northwestern U.P.
  • Husserl, E. (1982). Cartesian Meditations / An Introduction To Phenomenology. (Trans.) Dorian Cairns. Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publisher
  • Kellner D. Habermas, the Public Sphere, and Democracy: A Critical Intervention https://pages.gseis.ucla.edu/faculty/kellner/essays/habermaspublicspheredemocracy.pdf
  • Koç M. (2020). Kamusal ve Özel Alan Ayrımı Nedir? Available at https://gelecekhukuk.com/kamusal-ve-ozel-alan-ayrimi-nedir-8/
  • Larrain J. (1994). Ideology and Cultural Identity. Camdridge Polity Press.
  • Lemasson, L. (2008). The Radical Democracy of Jürgen Habermas: Between Socialism and Anarchy. Revue française de science politique, 1(1), 39-67.
  • Masschelein J. (1987). Kommunikatives Handeln und Pädagogisches Handeln. Die Bedeutung der Habermasschen kommunikationstheoretischen Wende für die Pädagogig. Deutscher Studien Verlag Weinheim; 58.
  • Moldaschl, M. & Sauer, D. (2000). Internalisierung des Marktes: Zur neuen Dialektik von Kooperation und Herrschaft. H. Minssen (Ed.), Begrenzte Entgrenzungen: Wandlungen von Organisation und Arbeit içinde (s. 205-224). Berlin: Ed. Sigma.
  • Moody, H. R. & Powell, J. L. (2003). “The Challenge of Modernity: Habermas and Critical Theory”, Theory & Science, Volume 4: Issue 1
  • Morel, J. (1989). Soziologische Theorie, München, Wien, Oldenburg. S. 206.
  • Outhwaite, W. (1994). Habermas: A Critical Introduction, Cambridge, Polity Press, 111-17.
  • Özkul, O. (2013). Kültür ve Küreselleşme. (2. Baskı). İstanbul: Açılım Kitap Yayınları.
  • Özalp A. (2009) “Liberal Demokrasinin Derinleştirilmesi Gereği ve Müzakereci Demokrasi”, Uluslararası Davraz Kongresi, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi (24-27 Eylül 2009)
  • Pensky, M. (2001), “Society, Morality, and Law: Jürgen Habermas”, The Blackwell Companion to Political Sociology, Editörler: Kate Nash ve Alan Scott, Blackwell Publishing, ss.49-59.
  • Rutherford, P. (2000) The Problem of Nature in Contemporary Socail Theory. Dissertation, Australian National University, Canberra.
  • Schecter, D. (2010), The Critique of Instrumental Reason from Weber to Habermas, Continuum International Publishing, New York.
  • Sitembölükbaşı, Ş. (2005), “Liberal Demokrasinin Çıkmazlarına Çözüm Olarak Müzakereci Demokrasi”, Akdeniz Üniversitesi İ.İ.B.F. Dergisi, S. 10, (ss. 139–162).
  • Timur, T. (2008). Habermas’ı Okumak. İstanbul, Yordam Yayınları. 263-264.
  • Torun, T. (2018). Yaşam-Dünyasının Sömürgeleştirilmesi Olarak Modernitenin Krizi. Kaygı Dergisi, S:30, 173-190
  • Touraine A. (1995). “Critique of Modernity”. Translated by David Macey Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1995. s. 373
  • Vollrath, E. (1983). „Habermas fundamentalistischer Fehlschluß”; in: Der Staat; 22; S. 406-14.
Toplam 73 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ahmet Küçük 0000-0001-7802-7236

Osman Özkul 0000-0002-0418-7007

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Küçük, A., & Özkul, O. (2021). İLETİŞİMSEL EYLEM KURAMI : YAŞAM DÜNYASI - SİSTEM KAYNAŞMASI mı AYRIŞMASI mı?. Sosyal Ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 5(2), 215-237.