Araştırma Makalesi

SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA

Cilt: 18 Sayı: 70 15 Haziran 2021
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SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA

Öz

This study aims to answer two interlinked questions with respect to ethnic conflict in Georgia: (1) Why and how two ethnic groups -the Abkhazians and Ossetians- sought secession in the 1990s rather than accepting unity under a common Georgian roof? (2) what explains the occurrence of ethnic conflicts between the Abkhazians and Georgians and between the South Ossetians and Georgians? The central argument of this paper is that Soviet nationality policy was a foremost driving force in shaping consciousness of being ethnic groups in Georgia and set the stage for the inter-ethnic conflicts of the post-Soviet era. A number of factors explain the particular inter- ethnic conflicts in Georgia among ethnic groups, including a long historical relationship between the Georgian people and the Abkhaz and Ossetian minorities. However, I argue that the foremost factor was the role of Soviet nationality policy that evolved from Lenin to Gorbachev, a policy that granted ethnic groups some level of privileges and fostered a wave of national self-assertion, Soviet nationality policy and the Soviet federal structure created numerous ethnic- and territorial-based autonomous units during the Soviet era. These units shaped their own political institutions, national intelligentsias, and bureaucratic elites, forming the basis for later nationalistic movements and developing a wish for self-determination and full independence. These institutions and beliefs made ethnic conflict in post-Soviet Georgia inevitable.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. BREMMER, I. (1993). “Reassessing Soviet Nationalities Theory”. Nations and Politics in the Soviet Successor States: 3-26.
  2. BRUBAKER, R. (1998). “Myths and Misconceptions in the Study of Nationalism”. (ed. J. A. Hall). The State of the Nation: Ernest Gellner and the Theory of Nationalism. Cambridge University Press: 272-306.
  3. CORNELL, S. E. (2001). Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus. United Kingdom: RoutledgeCurzon.
  4. CORNELL, S. E. (2002). “Autonomy as a Source of Conflict: Caucasian Conflicts in Theoretical Perspective”. World Politics. LIV/2: 245-276.
  5. COTTER, J. M. (1999). “Cultural Security Dilemmas and Ethnic Conflict in Georgia”. Journal of Conflict Studies. XIX/1: 1-27.
  6. FOWKES, B. (2002). Ethnicity and Ethnic Conflict in the Post-Communist World. New York: Palgrave.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

-

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

15 Haziran 2021

Gönderilme Tarihi

1 Mart 2021

Kabul Tarihi

-

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2021 Cilt: 18 Sayı: 70

Kaynak Göster

APA
Torun, N. (2021). SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, 18(70), 245-263. https://izlik.org/JA22GR89YW
AMA
1.Torun N. SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. 2021;18(70):245-263. https://izlik.org/JA22GR89YW
Chicago
Torun, Nevzat. 2021. “SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 18 (70): 245-63. https://izlik.org/JA22GR89YW.
EndNote
Torun N (01 Haziran 2021) SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 18 70 245–263.
IEEE
[1]N. Torun, “SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA”, Karadeniz Araştırmaları, c. 18, sy 70, ss. 245–263, Haz. 2021, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA22GR89YW
ISNAD
Torun, Nevzat. “SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 18/70 (01 Haziran 2021): 245-263. https://izlik.org/JA22GR89YW.
JAMA
1.Torun N. SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. 2021;18:245–263.
MLA
Torun, Nevzat. “SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, c. 18, sy 70, Haziran 2021, ss. 245-63, https://izlik.org/JA22GR89YW.
Vancouver
1.Nevzat Torun. SOVIET NATIONALITY POLICY: IMPACT ON ETHNIC CONFLICT IN ABKHAZIA AND SOUTH OSSETIA. Karadeniz Araştırmaları [Internet]. 01 Haziran 2021;18(70):245-63. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA22GR89YW