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Karşılaştırmalı Tarihte Metot ve Uygulama

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 26, 143 - 158, 01.06.2010

Öz

This article mainly focuses on the emergence of comparative history, its applica-tion and some theoretical aspects. However, the comparative method in social sciences is also mentioned in some points so as to give a better understanding of the comparative method. In this frame, firstly, the emergence of comparative history and the comparative historiography of Marc Bloch as a leading practitioner of the field will be evaluated. Secondly, works of some significant practitioners of comparative history and their methodological approaches will be discussed. Finally, some theoretical concepts of the comparative method such as case-orientation, variable-orientation, synthetic strategy, internal and external analysis will be evaluated.

Kaynakça

  • AGOSTON Gabor, "Ottoman Artillery and European Military Technology in the Fifteenth and Seventeenth Centuries", Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientia- rum Hung., XLVII (1-2), (1994), pp.15-48.
  • Guns for the Sultan: Military Power and the Weapon Industry in the Ottoman Empire, Cambridge University Press, New York 2005.
  • BARKEY Karen, "Rebellious Alliances: The State and Peasant Unrest in Early 17th Century France and the Ottoman Empire," American Sociological Re- view, Vol. 56, (December 1991), pp. 699-715;
  • "Changing Modalities of Empire: A Comparative Study of the Ot- toman and Habsburg Decline," in Empire to Nation eds, Joseph W. Esherick and Hasan Kayali, Rowan and Littlefield, London 2006.
  • Empire of Difference: The Ottomans in Comparative Perspective, Cambridge University Press, New York 2008.
  • After Empire: Multiethnic Societies and Nation-Building: The Soviet Union, and the Russian, Habsburg and Ottoman Empires, ed. with Mark von Hagen, Westview Press, 1997.
  • BENDIX Reinhard, Nation-Building and Citizenship, University of California Press, Los Angeles 1977.
  • , Kings or People: Power and the Mandate to Rule, University of California Press, Los Angeles 1978.
  • BLOCH Marc, ‘‘Pour une histoire comparée des sociétés européennes’’, Revue de synthèse historique, XLVI, 1928, pp. 15–50.
  • BRADSHAW York-WALLACE Michael, ‘‘Informing Generality and Explaining Uniqueness: The Place of Case Studies in Comparative Research’’, Issues and Alternatives in Comparative Social Research, ed. Charles Ragin, E.J. Brill, Leiden 1991.
  • COULBORN Rushton, ‘‘A Paradigm for Comparative History?’’, Current Anthro- pology, X/2-3, April-June 1969, pp. 175-178.
  • DARLING Linda, “Contested Territory: Ottoman Holy War in Comparative Con- text”, Studia Islamica, No. 91 (2000), pp. 133-163.
  • “Rethinking Europe and Islamic World in the Age of Explora- tion” Journal of Early Modern History, 2/3 (1998), pp. 221- 246.
  • EISENSTADT Shmuel N., The Political Systems of Empires: The Rise and Fall of Bureaucratic Societies, Free Pres, New York 1963.
  • GEERTZ Clifford, Islam Observed: Religious Development in Morocco and Indo- nesia, University of Chicago Pres, Chicago 1971.
  • GOLDSTONE Jack A., ‘‘East and West in the Seventeenth Century: Political Crisis in Stuart England, Ottoman Turkey, and Ming China’’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 30, No. 1 (Jan., 1988), pp. 103-142.
  • HILL Alette O. - HILL Jr. Boyd H., ‘‘Marc Bloch and Comparative History’’, The American Historical Review, LXXXV/4, 1980, pp. 828-857.
  • JANOSKI Thomas, ‘‘Synthetic Strategies in Comparative Sociological Research: Methods and Problems of Internal and External Analysis’’, Issues and Al- ternatives in Comparative Social Research, ed. Charles Ragin, E.J. Brill, Lei- den 1991.
  • LANG James, Conquest and Commerce: Spain and England in the Americas, Aca- demic Press, New York 1975.
  • MOULDER Frances V., Japan, China and the Modern World Economy: Toward a Reinterpretation of East Asian Development, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York 1977.
  • MOORE Barrington, Jr., Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of Modern World, Beacon Pres, Boston 1966.
  • ÖZEL Oktay, “Population Changes in Ottoman Anatolia During the 16th and 17th Centuries: The Demographic Crisis Reconsidered”, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 36, No. 2 (May, 2004), pp. 183-205.
  • RAGIN Charles C., ‘‘Introduction: The Problem of Balancing Discourse on Cases and Variables in Comparative Social Sciences’’, Issues and Alternatives in Comparative Social Research, ed. Charles Ragin, E.J. Brill, Leiden 1991.
  • , The Comparative Method: Moving Beyond Qualitative and Quan- titative Strategies, University Of California Press, Berkeley 1987.
  • PAIGE Jeffery, Agrarian Revolution: Social Movement and Export Agriculture in the Underdeveloped World, Free Pres, New York 1975.
  • RUESCHEMEYER Dietrich, ‘‘Reinhard Bendix’in Karşılaştırmalı Sosyolojisinde Teorik Genelleme ve Tarihsel Tikellik’’, Tarihsel Sosyoloji, ed. Theda Skoc- pol, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul 1999.
  • , ‘‘Different Methods-Contradictory Results? Research on Development and Democracy’’, Issues and Alternatives in Comparative Social Research, ed. Charles Ragin, E.J. Brill, Leiden 1991.
  • SEWELL Jr. William H., Marc Bloch and the Logic of Comparative History, Histo- ry and Theory, VI/2, 1967, pp. 208-218.
  • SKOCPOL Theda - SOMERS Margaret, ‘‘The Uses of Comparative History in Ma- crosocial Inquiry’’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, XXII/2, April 1980, pp. 174-197.
  • SKOCPOL Theda, States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York 1979.

Method and Practice in Comparative History

Yıl 2010, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 26, 143 - 158, 01.06.2010

Öz

Bu makalede temel olarak karşılaştırmalı tarihçiliğin ortaya çıkışı, uygulanışı ve bazı temel teorik özellikleri ele alınacaktır. Ancak bunun yanında karşılaştırmalı metodun teorik yaklaşımlarının daha iyi ortaya konulabilmesi için sosyal bilim-lerde karşılaştırmalı metoda bazı noktalarda değinilecektir. Bu çerçevede, ilk olarak karşılaştırmaları tarihçiliğin ortaya çıkışı ve alanın sistemli ve çığır açıcı bir uygulayıcısı olarak Marc Bloch’un karşılaştırmalı tarihçilik anlayışı ele alına-caktır. Daha sonra, karşılaştırmalı tarihçiliğin önde gelen bazı uygulayıcılarının önemli çalışmaları ve metodolojik yaklaşımları ortaya konulacaktır. Son olarak, karşılaştırmalı metot içinde yer alan; olay ve değişken yönelimli yaklaşım, sente-tik strateji, içsel ve dışsal analiz gibi bazı teorik yaklaşımlar tartışılacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • AGOSTON Gabor, "Ottoman Artillery and European Military Technology in the Fifteenth and Seventeenth Centuries", Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientia- rum Hung., XLVII (1-2), (1994), pp.15-48.
  • Guns for the Sultan: Military Power and the Weapon Industry in the Ottoman Empire, Cambridge University Press, New York 2005.
  • BARKEY Karen, "Rebellious Alliances: The State and Peasant Unrest in Early 17th Century France and the Ottoman Empire," American Sociological Re- view, Vol. 56, (December 1991), pp. 699-715;
  • "Changing Modalities of Empire: A Comparative Study of the Ot- toman and Habsburg Decline," in Empire to Nation eds, Joseph W. Esherick and Hasan Kayali, Rowan and Littlefield, London 2006.
  • Empire of Difference: The Ottomans in Comparative Perspective, Cambridge University Press, New York 2008.
  • After Empire: Multiethnic Societies and Nation-Building: The Soviet Union, and the Russian, Habsburg and Ottoman Empires, ed. with Mark von Hagen, Westview Press, 1997.
  • BENDIX Reinhard, Nation-Building and Citizenship, University of California Press, Los Angeles 1977.
  • , Kings or People: Power and the Mandate to Rule, University of California Press, Los Angeles 1978.
  • BLOCH Marc, ‘‘Pour une histoire comparée des sociétés européennes’’, Revue de synthèse historique, XLVI, 1928, pp. 15–50.
  • BRADSHAW York-WALLACE Michael, ‘‘Informing Generality and Explaining Uniqueness: The Place of Case Studies in Comparative Research’’, Issues and Alternatives in Comparative Social Research, ed. Charles Ragin, E.J. Brill, Leiden 1991.
  • COULBORN Rushton, ‘‘A Paradigm for Comparative History?’’, Current Anthro- pology, X/2-3, April-June 1969, pp. 175-178.
  • DARLING Linda, “Contested Territory: Ottoman Holy War in Comparative Con- text”, Studia Islamica, No. 91 (2000), pp. 133-163.
  • “Rethinking Europe and Islamic World in the Age of Explora- tion” Journal of Early Modern History, 2/3 (1998), pp. 221- 246.
  • EISENSTADT Shmuel N., The Political Systems of Empires: The Rise and Fall of Bureaucratic Societies, Free Pres, New York 1963.
  • GEERTZ Clifford, Islam Observed: Religious Development in Morocco and Indo- nesia, University of Chicago Pres, Chicago 1971.
  • GOLDSTONE Jack A., ‘‘East and West in the Seventeenth Century: Political Crisis in Stuart England, Ottoman Turkey, and Ming China’’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, Vol. 30, No. 1 (Jan., 1988), pp. 103-142.
  • HILL Alette O. - HILL Jr. Boyd H., ‘‘Marc Bloch and Comparative History’’, The American Historical Review, LXXXV/4, 1980, pp. 828-857.
  • JANOSKI Thomas, ‘‘Synthetic Strategies in Comparative Sociological Research: Methods and Problems of Internal and External Analysis’’, Issues and Al- ternatives in Comparative Social Research, ed. Charles Ragin, E.J. Brill, Lei- den 1991.
  • LANG James, Conquest and Commerce: Spain and England in the Americas, Aca- demic Press, New York 1975.
  • MOULDER Frances V., Japan, China and the Modern World Economy: Toward a Reinterpretation of East Asian Development, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York 1977.
  • MOORE Barrington, Jr., Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of Modern World, Beacon Pres, Boston 1966.
  • ÖZEL Oktay, “Population Changes in Ottoman Anatolia During the 16th and 17th Centuries: The Demographic Crisis Reconsidered”, International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 36, No. 2 (May, 2004), pp. 183-205.
  • RAGIN Charles C., ‘‘Introduction: The Problem of Balancing Discourse on Cases and Variables in Comparative Social Sciences’’, Issues and Alternatives in Comparative Social Research, ed. Charles Ragin, E.J. Brill, Leiden 1991.
  • , The Comparative Method: Moving Beyond Qualitative and Quan- titative Strategies, University Of California Press, Berkeley 1987.
  • PAIGE Jeffery, Agrarian Revolution: Social Movement and Export Agriculture in the Underdeveloped World, Free Pres, New York 1975.
  • RUESCHEMEYER Dietrich, ‘‘Reinhard Bendix’in Karşılaştırmalı Sosyolojisinde Teorik Genelleme ve Tarihsel Tikellik’’, Tarihsel Sosyoloji, ed. Theda Skoc- pol, Tarih Vakfı Yurt Yayınları, İstanbul 1999.
  • , ‘‘Different Methods-Contradictory Results? Research on Development and Democracy’’, Issues and Alternatives in Comparative Social Research, ed. Charles Ragin, E.J. Brill, Leiden 1991.
  • SEWELL Jr. William H., Marc Bloch and the Logic of Comparative History, Histo- ry and Theory, VI/2, 1967, pp. 208-218.
  • SKOCPOL Theda - SOMERS Margaret, ‘‘The Uses of Comparative History in Ma- crosocial Inquiry’’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, XXII/2, April 1980, pp. 174-197.
  • SKOCPOL Theda, States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia, and China, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and New York 1979.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Serkan Gül Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2010
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2010 Cilt: 26 Sayı: 26

Kaynak Göster

APA Gül, S. (2010). Method and Practice in Comparative History. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, 26(26), 143-158.
AMA Gül S. Method and Practice in Comparative History. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. Haziran 2010;26(26):143-158.
Chicago Gül, Serkan. “Method and Practice in Comparative History”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 26, sy. 26 (Haziran 2010): 143-58.
EndNote Gül S (01 Haziran 2010) Method and Practice in Comparative History. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 26 26 143–158.
IEEE S. Gül, “Method and Practice in Comparative History”, Karadeniz Araştırmaları, c. 26, sy. 26, ss. 143–158, 2010.
ISNAD Gül, Serkan. “Method and Practice in Comparative History”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 26/26 (Haziran 2010), 143-158.
JAMA Gül S. Method and Practice in Comparative History. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. 2010;26:143–158.
MLA Gül, Serkan. “Method and Practice in Comparative History”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, c. 26, sy. 26, 2010, ss. 143-58.
Vancouver Gül S. Method and Practice in Comparative History. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. 2010;26(26):143-58.