BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

-

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 45, 1 - 12, 23.03.2015

Öz

The Russia-Ukraine Crisis has been the second biggest crisis between NATO and Russia in five years. Russia occupied Georgia, a NATO candidate, in 2008 and officially recognized two breakaway regions threatening Georgia's territorial integrity. Five years later, Russia threatened the territorial integrity of Ukraine, another NATO candidate, illegaly annexing Crimea and supporting separatists in the Eastern part of the country. The Western World and NATO have been condemning Russia because of its role. There is no doubt about Russia's role in the crisis. However NATO has to admit that its mistakes during and after the 2008 Russia-Georgia War played an important part in the new Crisis. NATO's posture with regard to Russian behaviour during the 2008 War was not strong enough to deter Russia from again challenging and confronting the Alliance and the whole western World

Kaynakça

  • AARONSON Michael - Sverre Diessen - Yves De Kermabon - Mary Beth Long - Michael Miklaucic, "NATO Countering Hybrid Threat", PRISM Security Studies", September 2011, Vol. 2, Issue 4. p.111-124.
  • ASMUS Ronald (2010), A Little War That Shook The World: Georgia, Russia And The Future Of The West, New York; Palgrave McMillan.
  • BOLTON John, "After Russia's Invasion of Georgia, What Now for the West", The Telegraph, 15 August 2008.
  • BRAUN Aurel, NATO and Russia: Post-Georgia Threat Perception, IFRI Rus- sia/NIC Center, May 2009, Nu:40.
  • BUGAJSKI Janusz, "Georgian Lessons: Conflicting Russian and Western In- terests in the Wider Europe", Center for Strategic and International Studies, November 2010, http://csis.org/files/publication/102110_ Bugajski_GeorgianLessons.WEB.pdf, (Erişim 15.12.2014)
  • BURDT Carla, "ACT Countering Hybrid Threats Task Force Identifies Future Challanges", April 2011, http://www.act.nato.int/nato-countering-the- hybrid-threat (Erişim 14.01.2015)
  • CROFT Adrian, "NATO Will Not Offer Georgia Membership Steps, Avoiding Russia Clash", Reuters, 25 June 2014.
  • ERLANGER Steven - Sven Lee Myers, "NATO Allies Oppose Bush on Georgia and Ukraine", The New York Times, 03 April 2008.
  • "Georgia and Russia: Dreams Deferred", The Economist, 05 December 2014.
  • GERMAN Tracey (2011), Georgia and Transatlantic Relationship, The New Kid on the Block. in Andrew M. Dorman, & Joyce P. Kaufman (Eds.), The Future of Transatlantic Relations: Perceptions, Policy and Practice, Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • HOLLIS, David M., "Cyberwar Case Study: Georgia 2008", Small Wars Jour- nal, 06 January 2011, (7) 1.
  • ILLARIONAV Andrei (2009), The Russian Leadership's Preparation for War, 1999-2008, in Svante E. Cornell & S.Frederick Starr (Eds) The Guns of August 2008 Russia's War in Georgia, New York: Central Asia-Caucasus Institution and Silk Road Studies Program Joint Center.
  • LANDER Mark - Michael R. Gordon, "NATO Chief Warns of Duplicity by Pu- tin on Ukraine", The New York Times, 08 July 2014.
  • LOBJAKAS Ahto, "NATO Commander Seeks Defense Plans for Baltic States", Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 07 October 2008.
  • MEARSHEIMER John J. (2014), "Why the Ukranie crisis is the West's fault", Foreign Affairs, September/October 2014, Vol.93, Nu:15, p.77-89.
  • "Medvedev Says Russia Ready to Cut Ties With NATO", RIANOVOSTI, 25 August 2008, http://en.ria.ru/russia/20080825/116266781.html (Eri- şim 27.12.2014)
  • NAKASHIMA Ellen, "Russian hackers use ‘zero-day’ to hack NATO, Ukraine in cyber-spy campaign", The Washington Post, 13 October 2014.
  • NATO Statement, "Meeting of the North Atlantic Council at the level of For- eign Ministers held at NATO Headquarters", 19 Aug. 2008, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/official_texts_29950.htm (Erişim 12.01.2015)
  • "NATO To Resume Ties With Russia", BBC News, 03 December 2008.
  • '"NATO Steps Back From Giving Georgia Full Membership Of Alliance", The Guardian, 25 June 2014.
  • "NATO Would Respond Militarily To Crimea-Style Infiltration: General", Reuters, 17 August 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/ 17/us-ukraine-crisis-breedlove-idUSKBN0GH0JF20140817 (Erişim 04. 01.2015)
  • PORTH Jacquelin S., "NATO Supports Georgia’s Integrity, Unity Against Rus- sian Action: US Also Sign Pact Tied To Missile-Defense Radar", 19 Sep- tember 2008, http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/article/20- 08/09/20080919150709 (Erişim 22.12.2014)
  • sjhtrop0.5804254.html#axzz3FUimc6Rj
  • POULIOT Vincent (2010), International Security in Practice: The Politics of NATO-Russia Diplomacy, Cambridge; Cambridge University Press.
  • RASMUSSEN Anders Fogh, "Each NATO Ally Has To Pull İts Weight After Russia’s Threats", Financial Times, 05 August 2014.
  • "Russia Suspends Military Cooperation With NATO", The Guardian, 21 Au- gust 2008, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/aug/21/russia. nato (Erişim 17.01.2015)
  • SAAKASHVILI Mikheil, "Let Georgia be a lesson for what will happen to Ukraine", The Guardian, 14 March 2014.
  • Speech by the Secretery General Anders Fogh Rassmussen at the Carneige Endowment Brussels, NATO and Russia: A New Beginning, 18 Septem- ber 2009, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/opinions_57640.htm (Erişim 03.01.2015)
  • STENT Angela E. (2014), The Limits of Partnership: US-Russian Relation in the Twenty-First Century, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • SUKHOV Ivan, "Why Putin is So Angry", The Moscow Times, 23 October 2014, http://www.themoscowtimes.com/opinion/article/why-putin- is-so-angry/509929.html (Erişim 13.01.2015)
  • TRAYNOR Ian, "WikiLeaks Cables Reveal Secret NATO Plans To Defend Bal- tics From Russia", The Guardian, 06 December 2010.
  • "Ukraine Crisis: What The 'Russian Soldier' Photos Say", BBC News, 22 April 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27104904 (Erişim 17.12.2014)
  • WAGSTYL Stefan, "Contested Caucasus", Financial Times, 13 July 2008.
  • WALTZ, Kenneth N. (1990), "Nuclear Myths and Political Realities", The American Political Science Review, Vol. 84, No. 3, p.730-745.
  • WATERFIELD Bruno, "EU blames Georgia for Starting War With Russia", The Telegraph, 30 September 2009.

NATO'S MISTAKES THAT PAVED THE WAY FOR RUSSIA-UKRAINE CRISIS

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 45, 1 - 12, 23.03.2015

Öz

The Russia-Ukraine Crisis has been the second biggest crisis between
NATO and Russia in five years. Russia occupied Georgia, a NATO
candidate, in 2008 and officially recognized two breakaway regions
threatening Georgia's territorial integrity. Five years later, Russia
threatened the territorial integrity of Ukraine, another NATO candidate,
illegaly annexing Crimea and supporting separatists in the Eastern
part of the country. The Western World and NATO have been
condemning Russia because of its role. There is no doubt about
Russia's role in the crisis. However NATO has to admit that its mistakes
during and after the 2008 Russia-Georgia War played an important
part in the new Crisis. NATO's posture with regard to Russian
behaviour during the 2008 War was not strong enough to deter
Russia from again challenging and confronting the Alliance and the
whole western World.

Kaynakça

  • AARONSON Michael - Sverre Diessen - Yves De Kermabon - Mary Beth Long - Michael Miklaucic, "NATO Countering Hybrid Threat", PRISM Security Studies", September 2011, Vol. 2, Issue 4. p.111-124.
  • ASMUS Ronald (2010), A Little War That Shook The World: Georgia, Russia And The Future Of The West, New York; Palgrave McMillan.
  • BOLTON John, "After Russia's Invasion of Georgia, What Now for the West", The Telegraph, 15 August 2008.
  • BRAUN Aurel, NATO and Russia: Post-Georgia Threat Perception, IFRI Rus- sia/NIC Center, May 2009, Nu:40.
  • BUGAJSKI Janusz, "Georgian Lessons: Conflicting Russian and Western In- terests in the Wider Europe", Center for Strategic and International Studies, November 2010, http://csis.org/files/publication/102110_ Bugajski_GeorgianLessons.WEB.pdf, (Erişim 15.12.2014)
  • BURDT Carla, "ACT Countering Hybrid Threats Task Force Identifies Future Challanges", April 2011, http://www.act.nato.int/nato-countering-the- hybrid-threat (Erişim 14.01.2015)
  • CROFT Adrian, "NATO Will Not Offer Georgia Membership Steps, Avoiding Russia Clash", Reuters, 25 June 2014.
  • ERLANGER Steven - Sven Lee Myers, "NATO Allies Oppose Bush on Georgia and Ukraine", The New York Times, 03 April 2008.
  • "Georgia and Russia: Dreams Deferred", The Economist, 05 December 2014.
  • GERMAN Tracey (2011), Georgia and Transatlantic Relationship, The New Kid on the Block. in Andrew M. Dorman, & Joyce P. Kaufman (Eds.), The Future of Transatlantic Relations: Perceptions, Policy and Practice, Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
  • HOLLIS, David M., "Cyberwar Case Study: Georgia 2008", Small Wars Jour- nal, 06 January 2011, (7) 1.
  • ILLARIONAV Andrei (2009), The Russian Leadership's Preparation for War, 1999-2008, in Svante E. Cornell & S.Frederick Starr (Eds) The Guns of August 2008 Russia's War in Georgia, New York: Central Asia-Caucasus Institution and Silk Road Studies Program Joint Center.
  • LANDER Mark - Michael R. Gordon, "NATO Chief Warns of Duplicity by Pu- tin on Ukraine", The New York Times, 08 July 2014.
  • LOBJAKAS Ahto, "NATO Commander Seeks Defense Plans for Baltic States", Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, 07 October 2008.
  • MEARSHEIMER John J. (2014), "Why the Ukranie crisis is the West's fault", Foreign Affairs, September/October 2014, Vol.93, Nu:15, p.77-89.
  • "Medvedev Says Russia Ready to Cut Ties With NATO", RIANOVOSTI, 25 August 2008, http://en.ria.ru/russia/20080825/116266781.html (Eri- şim 27.12.2014)
  • NAKASHIMA Ellen, "Russian hackers use ‘zero-day’ to hack NATO, Ukraine in cyber-spy campaign", The Washington Post, 13 October 2014.
  • NATO Statement, "Meeting of the North Atlantic Council at the level of For- eign Ministers held at NATO Headquarters", 19 Aug. 2008, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/official_texts_29950.htm (Erişim 12.01.2015)
  • "NATO To Resume Ties With Russia", BBC News, 03 December 2008.
  • '"NATO Steps Back From Giving Georgia Full Membership Of Alliance", The Guardian, 25 June 2014.
  • "NATO Would Respond Militarily To Crimea-Style Infiltration: General", Reuters, 17 August 2014, http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/08/ 17/us-ukraine-crisis-breedlove-idUSKBN0GH0JF20140817 (Erişim 04. 01.2015)
  • PORTH Jacquelin S., "NATO Supports Georgia’s Integrity, Unity Against Rus- sian Action: US Also Sign Pact Tied To Missile-Defense Radar", 19 Sep- tember 2008, http://iipdigital.usembassy.gov/st/english/article/20- 08/09/20080919150709 (Erişim 22.12.2014)
  • sjhtrop0.5804254.html#axzz3FUimc6Rj
  • POULIOT Vincent (2010), International Security in Practice: The Politics of NATO-Russia Diplomacy, Cambridge; Cambridge University Press.
  • RASMUSSEN Anders Fogh, "Each NATO Ally Has To Pull İts Weight After Russia’s Threats", Financial Times, 05 August 2014.
  • "Russia Suspends Military Cooperation With NATO", The Guardian, 21 Au- gust 2008, http://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/aug/21/russia. nato (Erişim 17.01.2015)
  • SAAKASHVILI Mikheil, "Let Georgia be a lesson for what will happen to Ukraine", The Guardian, 14 March 2014.
  • Speech by the Secretery General Anders Fogh Rassmussen at the Carneige Endowment Brussels, NATO and Russia: A New Beginning, 18 Septem- ber 2009, http://www.nato.int/cps/en/natolive/opinions_57640.htm (Erişim 03.01.2015)
  • STENT Angela E. (2014), The Limits of Partnership: US-Russian Relation in the Twenty-First Century, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • SUKHOV Ivan, "Why Putin is So Angry", The Moscow Times, 23 October 2014, http://www.themoscowtimes.com/opinion/article/why-putin- is-so-angry/509929.html (Erişim 13.01.2015)
  • TRAYNOR Ian, "WikiLeaks Cables Reveal Secret NATO Plans To Defend Bal- tics From Russia", The Guardian, 06 December 2010.
  • "Ukraine Crisis: What The 'Russian Soldier' Photos Say", BBC News, 22 April 2014, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27104904 (Erişim 17.12.2014)
  • WAGSTYL Stefan, "Contested Caucasus", Financial Times, 13 July 2008.
  • WALTZ, Kenneth N. (1990), "Nuclear Myths and Political Realities", The American Political Science Review, Vol. 84, No. 3, p.730-745.
  • WATERFIELD Bruno, "EU blames Georgia for Starting War With Russia", The Telegraph, 30 September 2009.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Şafak Oğuz

Yayımlanma Tarihi 23 Mart 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 45

Kaynak Göster

APA Oğuz, Ş. (2015). -. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, 12(45), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.17782/ka.40226
AMA Oğuz Ş. -. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. Mart 2015;12(45):1-12. doi:10.17782/ka.40226
Chicago Oğuz, Şafak. “-”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 12, sy. 45 (Mart 2015): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.17782/ka.40226.
EndNote Oğuz Ş (01 Mart 2015) -. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 12 45 1–12.
IEEE Ş. Oğuz, “-”, Karadeniz Araştırmaları, c. 12, sy. 45, ss. 1–12, 2015, doi: 10.17782/ka.40226.
ISNAD Oğuz, Şafak. “-”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları 12/45 (Mart 2015), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.17782/ka.40226.
JAMA Oğuz Ş. -. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. 2015;12:1–12.
MLA Oğuz, Şafak. “-”. Karadeniz Araştırmaları, c. 12, sy. 45, 2015, ss. 1-12, doi:10.17782/ka.40226.
Vancouver Oğuz Ş. -. Karadeniz Araştırmaları. 2015;12(45):1-12.