Sağlık Dostu Besin Bileşenleri: Lutein ve Zeaksantin

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 56 - 61, 01.01.2019

Özge Duygu Okur

https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v9i1.1229

Öz

Karotenoidler, sağlıklı bir diyetin önemli bileşenleri olan yağda çözünen besin maddeleridir. Karotenoidler arasında, lutein ve zeaksantin, diyette en fazla bulunan karotenoidlerden ikisidir. İnsanlar lutein veya zeaksantin bileşiklerini de novo şartlarda sentezleyememekte, bu nedenle diyet, insan vücudunda bu bileşiklerin tek kaynağı olarak yer almaktadır. Bu iki karotenoid yeşil yapraklı sebzelerde ve tavuk yumurtası sarısında yüksek miktarlarda bulunmaktadır. Aynı zamanda, lutein ve zeaksantin, ıspanak ve brokolide serbest formda; mango, portakal, papaya, kırmızı biber, yosun ve sarı mısırda ise ester formunda bulunmaktadır. Göz makula yapısı, bu iki karotenoid için bir depodur. Lutein ve zeaksantinin bir diyette daha fazla alınmasının katarakt riskini ve yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu riskini azalttığını göstermiştir. Lutein ve zeaksantin hem retinal hem de kardiyovasküler hastalığın etiyolojisinde muhtemel bir faktör olan lipid peroksidasyonunu inhibe etmektedir. Aynı zamanda uzun süreli karotenoid alımının bazı kardiyovasküler hastalık, inme ve kanser riskini azalttığı düşünülmektedir. Cildin UV ışınlarına maruz kalması; reaktif oksijen türlerini, deri hücrelerinde iltihaplanmayı ve iltihaplanmaya bağlı kızarıklıkları oluşturmaktadır. Lutein ve zeaksantin, bu koşullardaki tekli oksijen veya nötralize edici fotosensitizörleri söndürerek hücresel hasarı önleyebilmektedir. Bu makalenin amacı, sağlıkla ilişkili olarak lutein ve zeaksantin’in besin kaynaklarına, etki mekanizmalarına ve karakteristik özelliklerine ilişkin bilimsel literatürü içermektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Karotenoid, Sağlık, Lutein, Zeaksantin

Lutein and Zeaxanthin: Health-Friendly Nutrients

Öz

Carotenoids are essential fat-soluble nutrients that are important components of a healthy diet. Among the carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin are two of the most abundant carotenoids found in the diet.Humans cannot synthesize lutein or zeaxanthin de novo; therefore, the diet is the sole source of these compounds in the human body. These two carotenoids are present in high amounts in green leafy vegetables, and in chicken egg yolk. Lutein and zeaxanthin are also found in the free form in spinach and broccoli and as esters in mango, orange, papaya, red paprika, algae, and yellow corn. The macula of the eye is a repository for these two carotenoids. A higher dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin has shown to reduce the risk of cataracts and age-related macular degeneration. Lutein and zeaxanthin inhibit lipid peroxidation, a likely factor in the etiology of both retinal and cardiovascular disease. It has long been thought that carotenoid intake also reduces the risk of certain forms of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cancer. Lutein and zeaxanthin may prevent cellular damage in these conditions by quenching singlet oxygen or neutralizing photosensitizers. The purpose of this article is the scientific literature pertaining to review characteristics, mechanisms of action and food sources of lutein and zeaxanthin, which are related to the health.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Carotenoid, Health

Kaynakça

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