Ağır Metal Stresine Maruz Kalan Domatesin Yağ Asidi Dağılım Cevapları

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 88 - 96, 01.01.2019

Dursun Kısa Lokman Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.7212/zkufbd.v9i1.1221

Öz

Tarımsal alanlarda ağır metallerin birikimin bitkilerde fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal değişimlere yol açarak oksidatif strese neden olur. Oksidatif hasara maruz kalan bitkiler için yağ asitlerinin düzenlenmesi adaptasyon mekanizması olarak düşünülür. Mevcut çalışmada, artan dozda ağır metale maruz kalan domates bitkisi yapraklarında yağ asidi kompozisyonundaki değişimleri inceledik. Ağır metal uygulaması yağ asidi dağılımını değiştirdi ve α-linoleik asit, palmitik asit ve linoleik asit yüzde dağılım bakımından sırasıyla temel yağ asitleridir. Araşidik asit, behenik asit, lignoserik asit ve docosaheksaenoik asit yüzdeleri domates yapraklarında açık şekilde artmıştır. Kontrol bitkilerine kıyasla linoleik asit ve palmitoleik asit seviyeleri ağır metal uygulamasında önemli derecede azalmıştır. Stearik asit ve oleik asit metil ester içeriği uygulanan ağır metal tip ve dozuna bağlı olarak değişirken, α-linolenik asit ve palmitik asit miktarı Cu ve Pb uygulamasında değişmemiştir. Fakat Cd uygulaması domates yapraklarında α-linolenik asit yüzdesini hafif şekilde artırmıştır. Lipid peroksidasyon içeriği tüm ağır metal maruziyetlerinde önemli şekilde artmıştır. Kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında, ağır metaller araşidik asit, behenik asit ve lignoserik asit gibi doymuş yağ asidi içeriğini artırırken, doymamış yağ asitlerinden olan linoleik asit ve palmitoleik asit azalmıştır. Yağ asidi yüzdelerindeki bu değişimler lipid peroksidasyonundaki artışla ilişkili olabilir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ağır metal, Araşidik asit, Domates, Linoleik asit, Palmitik asit, Palmitoleik asit

Responses of the fatty acid composition of Solanum lycopersicum exposed to heavy metal stress

Öz

The accumulation of heavy metals in the agricultural environments causes the oxidative stress in leading physiological and biochemical alterations in the plants. Regulation of fatty acids is considered as an adaptive mechanism for plants exposed to oxidative damages. In the present study, we investigated the changes of fatty acid composition with GC in the leaves of tomato subjected to increasing doses of heavy metals. The exposures of heavy metals changed the fatty acid compositions and α-linoleic acid, palmitic acid and linoleic acid were the main fatty acids in respect to percentage, respectively. The percentages of arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid and docosahexaenoic acid clearly increased in leaves of tomato. The level of lionoleic acid and palmitoleic acid significantly reduced in all application of heavy metals compared to control plants. The content of stearic acid and oleic acid methyl ester changed depending on heavy metal types and doses while the quantity of α-linolenic acid and palmitic acid remained unchanged by the treatment of Cu and Pb, but the application of Cd slightly increased the percentage of α-linolenic acid in tomato leaves. The content of lipid peroxidation significantly increased in all exposures of heavy metal. The exposures of heavy metal increased the content of saturated fatty acid like arachidic acid, behenic acid and lignoceric acid, while heavy metals decreased lionoleic acid and palmitoleic acid which belong to unsaturated fatty acid compared to control plants. These changes in the fatty acid percentages may be related with the increases of lipid peroxidation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arachidic acid, heavy metal, lionoleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, tomato

Kaynakça

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