BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi Merkez Kampüsü Yağmur Suyu Toplama Sistemi Analizi

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 22 - 34, 01.01.2016

Öz

20. yüzyılda, Temiz su kaynakları nüfus artışı ve endüstriyel aktiviteler dolayısı ile tükenme ve kirlenme riski altında bulunmaktadır. Yağmursuyu toplama, çoğu gelişen ülkeler için sürdürülebilir, ekonomik ve çevre dostu su kaynağı olması yönünden en iyi temiz suya ulaşma yollarından birisidir. Yağmur suyu toplama genellikle sistemleri evler ve binalar için belirli hacimde bir su depolama açısından alternative yöntemlerdir. Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi merkez kampüsü Zonguldak şehir merkezindedir ve Zonguldak Belediyesi su şebekesine bağlıdır. Merkez kamoüs toplam su tüketimi yıllık yaklaşık 22,500 m3 ve fiyatı 194,000 TL’dir. Belediye den alınan su debisinde azalma yapacak iki adet farklı yağmursuyu toplama projesi sunulmuştur. Alternatif projeler değerlendirilmiş ve birleşik yağmursuyu toplam sisteminin ayrık sisteme göre daha iyi performans gösterdiği ortaya konulmuştur

Kaynakça

  • Basinger, M., Montalto, F., Lall, U. 2010. A rainwater harvesting system reliability model based on nonparametric stochastic rainfall generator. J. Hydr., 392 (3-4): 105-118.
  • Bates BC., Kundzewicz ZW., Wu S., Palutikof JP. 2008. Climate change and water. Technical paper of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva: IPCC Secretariat; 210 pp.
  • Domènech, L., Sauri, D. 2011. A comparative appraisal of the use of rainwater harvesting in single and multi-family buildings of the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Spain): social experience, drinking water savings and economic costs. J. Clean. Pro., 19 (6-7): 598-608.
  • DSI 2009. Water Report 2009, General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works, Ankara.
  • Dziegielewsk, B., Kiefer, JC., Opitz, EM., Porter, GA., Lantz, GL., DeOreo, WB., Mayer, PW., Nelson, JO. 2000.
  • Commercial and institutional end uses of water, AWWA Research Foundation, Denver, USA.
  • Eroksuz, E., Rahman, A. 2010. Rainwater tanks in multi-unit buildings: a case study for three australian cities. Res. Cons. Recyc. 54 (12): 1449-1452.
  • Farina, M., Maglionico, M., Pollastri, M., Stojkov, I. 2011. Water consumptions in public schools. Procedia Eng., 21: 929–938.
  • Farreny, R., Gabarrell, X., Rieradevall, J. 2011. Cost-efficiency of rainwater harvesting strategies in dense mediterranean neighbourhoods. Res. Cons. Recyc. 55(7): 686-694.
  • Funk, A., DeOreo, WB, 2011. Embedded energy in water studies study 3: end-use water demand profiles. CALMAC Study ID CPU0052 Volume 1 of 1 Main Report, California Institute for Energy and Environment.
  • Ghisi, E., Ferreira, DF. 2007. Potential for potable water savings by using rainwater and greywater in a multi-storey residential building in southern Brazil. Build. Env. 42 (7): 2512-2522.
  • Ghisi, E., Mengotti de Oliveira, S. 2007. Potential for potable water savings by combining the use of rainwater and greywater in houses in southern Brazil. Build. Env. 42: 1731-1742.
  • Gould, J., Nissen-Petersen, E. 1999. Rainwater Catchment Systems for Domestic Supply, Intermediate Technology Publications.
  • Hoekstra, AY., 2011. The global dimension of water governance: why the river basin approach is no longer sufficient and why cooperative action at global level is needed. Water, 3: 21-46.
  • Imteaz, MA. Shanableh, A., Rahman, A., Ahsan, A. 2011. Optimizations of rainwater tank design from large roofs: a case study in Melbourne, Australia, Res. Cons. and Recycling, 55 (11): 1022–1029.
  • Lal, R., Stewart, BA. 2012. Soil water and agronomic productivity. CRC Press.
  • Liaw, CH., Tsai, YL. 2004. Optimum storage volume of rooftop rain water harvesting system for domestic use. J. Am. Water Res. Ass.: 901-912.
  • Mendez, CB., Klenzendorf, JB., Afshar, BR., Simmons, MT., Barrett, ME, Kinney, KA., Kirisits, MJ., 2011. The effect of roofing material on the quality of harvested rainwater. Water Res., 45: 2049-2059.
  • Mitchell, VG, Taylor, A, Fletcher, TD, Deletic, A. 2005. Storm water reuse. Potable water sub-stitution for Melbourne. ISWR Rep. No. 05/12. Australia: Monash University
  • Morton, J. 2011. Water Management: A Benchmark for Canadian Office Buildings Report. REALpac.
  • Neto, RFM., Carvalho, IC., Calijuri, ML., Santiago, AF. 2012. Rainwater use in airports: A case study in Brazil resources. Res. Cons. Recyc. 68: 36-43.
  • Patel, UR., Patel, VA., Balya, MI., Rajgor HM. 2014. Rooftop rainwater harvesting (rrwh) at spsv campus, visnagar: gujarat - a case study, Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol., 3 (4): 821-825.
  • Reobuck, RM., Oltean-Dumbrava, C., Tait, S. 2010. Whole life cost performance of domestic rainwater harvesting systems in the United Kingdom. Water Env. J., 25 (3): 355-365.
  • DMİ 2015. http://www.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/iklim/turkiye_iklimi. pdf.
  • Tam, VWY., Tam, L., Zeng, SX. 2010. Cost effectiveness and tradeoff on the use of rainwater tank: an empirical study in Australian residential decision-making. Res. Cons. Recyc. 54 (3): 178-186.
  • Tahmiscioğlu, MS., Karaca, Ö., Özdemir, AD., Özgüler, H. 2006. Possible effect of the global climate change on water resources and floods in Turkey. International Conference on Climate Change and the Middle East Past, Present and Future, ITU, Istanbul/Turkey.
  • TUIK 2015. Belediye Su İst. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/ PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=16171
  • UNEP 2009. Rainwater harvesting: a lifeline for human wellbeing first. J. Barron, ed., Stockholm.
  • UN 2013. World population prospects, the 2012 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. United Nations, New York.
  • Villarreal, EL., Dixon, A. 2005. Analysis of a rainwater collection system for domestic water supply in Ringdansen, Norrköping, Sweden. Building and Env., 40 (9): 1174-1184.
  • Walsh, RP., Lawer, DM. 1981. Rainfall seasonality: description, spatial patterns and change through time. Weather, 36: 201- 208.
  • WWF 2014. Living planet report 2014, Species and spaces people and places, WWF International 2014.
  • Worm, J., Van, HT. 2006. Rainwater harvesting for domestic use. Agromisa Foundation and CTA. Wageningen.
  • Zaizen, M., Urakawa, T., Matsumoto, Y., Takai, H. 1999. The collection of rainwater from dome stadiums in japan. Ur. Water, 1: 355-359.
  • Zhang, Y, Chen, D, Chen, L, Ashbolt, S. 2009. Potential for rainwater use in high-rise buildings in Australian cities. J. Env. Man. 91: 222–226.

Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 22 - 34, 01.01.2016

Öz

Fresh water resources are under the risk of exhausting and contamination by increasing population and industrial activities in 20th century. Rainwater harvesting is, one of the best ways to reach clean water for many undeveloped countries, also sustainable, economical and environment friendly water resource for developed countries. Rainwater harvesting systems are usually an alternative approach for a house or a single building due to limited storage volume. Bülent Ecevit University BEU Central Campus is located in the center of Zonguldak city, connected to the Zonguldak Municipal water distribution network. Central campus total water consumption is about 22500 m3 water and the cost is more than 194000 TL per a year. Two different rainwater harvesting projects are proposed to supply water to BEU Central Campus water distribution network which decrease the discharged water from the municipal water network. The alternative projects are evaluated and it is proved that the connected rainwater collection and distribution system has better performance than the separated system.

Kaynakça

  • Basinger, M., Montalto, F., Lall, U. 2010. A rainwater harvesting system reliability model based on nonparametric stochastic rainfall generator. J. Hydr., 392 (3-4): 105-118.
  • Bates BC., Kundzewicz ZW., Wu S., Palutikof JP. 2008. Climate change and water. Technical paper of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Geneva: IPCC Secretariat; 210 pp.
  • Domènech, L., Sauri, D. 2011. A comparative appraisal of the use of rainwater harvesting in single and multi-family buildings of the metropolitan area of Barcelona (Spain): social experience, drinking water savings and economic costs. J. Clean. Pro., 19 (6-7): 598-608.
  • DSI 2009. Water Report 2009, General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works, Ankara.
  • Dziegielewsk, B., Kiefer, JC., Opitz, EM., Porter, GA., Lantz, GL., DeOreo, WB., Mayer, PW., Nelson, JO. 2000.
  • Commercial and institutional end uses of water, AWWA Research Foundation, Denver, USA.
  • Eroksuz, E., Rahman, A. 2010. Rainwater tanks in multi-unit buildings: a case study for three australian cities. Res. Cons. Recyc. 54 (12): 1449-1452.
  • Farina, M., Maglionico, M., Pollastri, M., Stojkov, I. 2011. Water consumptions in public schools. Procedia Eng., 21: 929–938.
  • Farreny, R., Gabarrell, X., Rieradevall, J. 2011. Cost-efficiency of rainwater harvesting strategies in dense mediterranean neighbourhoods. Res. Cons. Recyc. 55(7): 686-694.
  • Funk, A., DeOreo, WB, 2011. Embedded energy in water studies study 3: end-use water demand profiles. CALMAC Study ID CPU0052 Volume 1 of 1 Main Report, California Institute for Energy and Environment.
  • Ghisi, E., Ferreira, DF. 2007. Potential for potable water savings by using rainwater and greywater in a multi-storey residential building in southern Brazil. Build. Env. 42 (7): 2512-2522.
  • Ghisi, E., Mengotti de Oliveira, S. 2007. Potential for potable water savings by combining the use of rainwater and greywater in houses in southern Brazil. Build. Env. 42: 1731-1742.
  • Gould, J., Nissen-Petersen, E. 1999. Rainwater Catchment Systems for Domestic Supply, Intermediate Technology Publications.
  • Hoekstra, AY., 2011. The global dimension of water governance: why the river basin approach is no longer sufficient and why cooperative action at global level is needed. Water, 3: 21-46.
  • Imteaz, MA. Shanableh, A., Rahman, A., Ahsan, A. 2011. Optimizations of rainwater tank design from large roofs: a case study in Melbourne, Australia, Res. Cons. and Recycling, 55 (11): 1022–1029.
  • Lal, R., Stewart, BA. 2012. Soil water and agronomic productivity. CRC Press.
  • Liaw, CH., Tsai, YL. 2004. Optimum storage volume of rooftop rain water harvesting system for domestic use. J. Am. Water Res. Ass.: 901-912.
  • Mendez, CB., Klenzendorf, JB., Afshar, BR., Simmons, MT., Barrett, ME, Kinney, KA., Kirisits, MJ., 2011. The effect of roofing material on the quality of harvested rainwater. Water Res., 45: 2049-2059.
  • Mitchell, VG, Taylor, A, Fletcher, TD, Deletic, A. 2005. Storm water reuse. Potable water sub-stitution for Melbourne. ISWR Rep. No. 05/12. Australia: Monash University
  • Morton, J. 2011. Water Management: A Benchmark for Canadian Office Buildings Report. REALpac.
  • Neto, RFM., Carvalho, IC., Calijuri, ML., Santiago, AF. 2012. Rainwater use in airports: A case study in Brazil resources. Res. Cons. Recyc. 68: 36-43.
  • Patel, UR., Patel, VA., Balya, MI., Rajgor HM. 2014. Rooftop rainwater harvesting (rrwh) at spsv campus, visnagar: gujarat - a case study, Int. J. Res. Eng. Technol., 3 (4): 821-825.
  • Reobuck, RM., Oltean-Dumbrava, C., Tait, S. 2010. Whole life cost performance of domestic rainwater harvesting systems in the United Kingdom. Water Env. J., 25 (3): 355-365.
  • DMİ 2015. http://www.mgm.gov.tr/FILES/iklim/turkiye_iklimi. pdf.
  • Tam, VWY., Tam, L., Zeng, SX. 2010. Cost effectiveness and tradeoff on the use of rainwater tank: an empirical study in Australian residential decision-making. Res. Cons. Recyc. 54 (3): 178-186.
  • Tahmiscioğlu, MS., Karaca, Ö., Özdemir, AD., Özgüler, H. 2006. Possible effect of the global climate change on water resources and floods in Turkey. International Conference on Climate Change and the Middle East Past, Present and Future, ITU, Istanbul/Turkey.
  • TUIK 2015. Belediye Su İst. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/ PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=16171
  • UNEP 2009. Rainwater harvesting: a lifeline for human wellbeing first. J. Barron, ed., Stockholm.
  • UN 2013. World population prospects, the 2012 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. United Nations, New York.
  • Villarreal, EL., Dixon, A. 2005. Analysis of a rainwater collection system for domestic water supply in Ringdansen, Norrköping, Sweden. Building and Env., 40 (9): 1174-1184.
  • Walsh, RP., Lawer, DM. 1981. Rainfall seasonality: description, spatial patterns and change through time. Weather, 36: 201- 208.
  • WWF 2014. Living planet report 2014, Species and spaces people and places, WWF International 2014.
  • Worm, J., Van, HT. 2006. Rainwater harvesting for domestic use. Agromisa Foundation and CTA. Wageningen.
  • Zaizen, M., Urakawa, T., Matsumoto, Y., Takai, H. 1999. The collection of rainwater from dome stadiums in japan. Ur. Water, 1: 355-359.
  • Zhang, Y, Chen, D, Chen, L, Ashbolt, S. 2009. Potential for rainwater use in high-rise buildings in Australian cities. J. Env. Man. 91: 222–226.
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Research Article
Yazarlar

İsmail Hakkı Özölçer Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Özölçer, İ. H. (2016). Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus. Karaelmas Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 6(1), 22-34.
AMA Özölçer İH. Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus. Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi. Ocak 2016;6(1):22-34.
Chicago Özölçer, İsmail Hakkı. “Rainwater Harvesting Analysis for Bülent Ecevit University Central Campus”. Karaelmas Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi 6, sy. 1 (Ocak 2016): 22-34.
EndNote Özölçer İH (01 Ocak 2016) Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus. Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi 6 1 22–34.
IEEE İ. H. Özölçer, “Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus”, Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 22–34, 2016.
ISNAD Özölçer, İsmail Hakkı. “Rainwater Harvesting Analysis for Bülent Ecevit University Central Campus”. Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi 6/1 (Ocak 2016), 22-34.
JAMA Özölçer İH. Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus. Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi. 2016;6:22–34.
MLA Özölçer, İsmail Hakkı. “Rainwater Harvesting Analysis for Bülent Ecevit University Central Campus”. Karaelmas Fen Ve Mühendislik Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 1, 2016, ss. 22-34.
Vancouver Özölçer İH. Rainwater harvesting analysis for Bülent Ecevit University central campus. Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi. 2016;6(1):22-34.