Effect of Dithiocarbamate Fungicide Mancozeb on Development, Reproduction and Ultrastructure of Fat Body of Agrotis segetum Moths

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 7 - 16, 01.01.2011

Zbigniew Adamski Jolanta Krawiec Ewa Markiewicz Michał Bankiet Eliza Rybska Marlena Ratajczak Małgorzata Glama Laura Scrano Sabino A. Bufo Kazimierz Ziemnicki Meltem Erdem Ender Büyükgüzel

Öz

Sublethal effects of ethylene bis dithiocarbamate fungicide mancozeb on development and reproduction of turnip moth Agrotis segetum was investigated. Larvae were exposed to the fungicide in a diet. Exposure did not cause massive mortality of larvae. However, we observed various sublethal effects. Larval development was longer than in control, also mortality of pupae and time of pupation was altered; exposure to mancozeb affected fecundity, too. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that females had laid fewer eggs, and they showed various malformations, which might affect hatching success. These changes were also in tune with observations of the larval fat body ultrastructure transmission electron microscopy . Fat body cells showed a range of malformations: envelopes of nuclei were invaginated and swallen. In cytoplasm, glycogen content was decreased, ER showed swelling and cytoplasm became more lucent. All these changes had been observed before the mortality of larvae was noticed. Therefore, we think that ultrastructural changes may be an important marker of stress caused by mancozeb in the environment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

mancozeb, Agrotis segetum, moths, larval development, egg, electron microscopy

Kaynakça

• Adamski, Z. 2007. Exposure to carbaryl leads to ultrastructural changes and alters activity of antioxidant enzymes in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Inv. Biol., 126: 191–201.
• Adamski, Z. Machalska, K., Chorostkowska, K., Niewadzi, M., Ziemnicki, K., Hirsch, HVB. 2009b. Effects of sublethal concentrations of fenitrothion on beet armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) development and reproduction. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 94: 73–78.
• Adamski, Z., Banaszkiewicz, M., Ziemnicki, K. 2005a. Ultrastructural alterations induced by fenitrothion on fat body cells and midgut cells of Tenebrio molitor L. (Insecta, Coleoptera) larvae. J. Biol. Res., 3: 15-22.
• Adamski, Z., Fila, K., Maćkowiak, J., Ziemnicki, K. 2005c. Fenitrothion-induced cell malformations in vitro in Spodoptera exigua cell line UCR-Se-1. Biol. Lett., 42: 41-47.
• Adamski, Z., Ghiradella, H. Sublethal Effects of Pesticides: Their Impairment of Biology and Physiology of Exposed Moths and their Unexposed Progeny. In: Cauterruccio L. [ed], Moths: Types, Ecological Significance and Control Methods. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York (in press).
• Adamski, Z., Korolczuk, D., Purgiel, M., Grewling, A., Ratajczak, M., Bankiet, M., Ziemnicki, K. 2009c. Effect of fenitrothion on Spodoptera exigua larval development and ultrastructure of follicle cells. Biologia, 64: 197—202.
• Adamski, Z., Niewadzi, M., Ziemnicki, K. 2005b. Inheritance of chorionic malformations and insecticide resistance by Spodoptera exigua. J. Appl. Entomol., 129: 526 – 533. Article I.
• Adamski, Z., Ziemnicki, K. 2004. Side-effects of mancozeb on Spodoptera exigua (Hübn.) larvae. J. Appl. Entomol., 128: 212–217.
• Adamski, Z., Ziemnicki, K., Fila, K., Ţikić, R., Štajn, A. 2003. Effects of long-term exposure to fenitrothion on Spodoptera exigua and Tenebrio molitor larval development and antioxidant enzyme activity. Biol. Lett., 40: 43-52.
• Adamski, Z., Ziemnicki, K., Marciniak, P., Halamunda, J., Nawrocka, M., Lelario, F., Scrano, L., Bufo, S. 2009a. Effect of Various Xenobiotics on Hatching Success of Spodoptera exigua Eggs as Compared to a Natural Plant Extract. J. Toxicol. Env. Heal. A., 72: 1132–1134.
• Auger, P., Kreiter, S., Mattioda, H., Duriatti, A. 2004. Side effects of mancozeb on Typhlodromus pyri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in vineyards: results of multi-year field trials and a laboratory study. Exp. Appl. Acarol., 33: 203 – 213.
• Baligar, PN., Kalliwel, BB. 2001. Induction of gonadal toxicity to female rats after chronic exposure to mancozeb. Ind. Health, 39: 235–243.
• Biddinger, DJ., Hull, LA. 1999. Sublethal effects of selected insecticides on growth and reproduction of a laboratory susceptible strain of tufted apple bud moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). J. Econ. Entomol., 92: 314-324.
• Büyükgüzel, E. 2009. Evidence of oxidative and antioxidative responses by Galleria mellonella larvae to malathion. J. Econ. Entomol., 102: 152- 159.
• David, W., Ellaby, S., Taylor, G. 1975. Rearing Spodoptera exempta on semi-synthetic diets and on growing maize. Entomol. Exp. Appl., 19: 226–236.
• Dorcas, B., Polar, L., Tag, ED., Mahmoud, H., Eross, K., Wing, KD. 1992. Developmental disturbances in different insect orders caused by an edy steroid agonise, RH 5849. J. Econ. Entomol., 85: 2107-2112.
• Extoxnet 1996. http://extoxnet.orst.edu/pips/pyrethri.htm
• Fila, K., Adamski, Z., Ziemnicki, K. 2002. Exposure to Fenitrothion causes malfunctions of Spodoptera exigua Hübn. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs. J. Appl. Entomol., 126: 114-118.
• Hreljac, I., Zajc, I., Lah, T., Filipic, M. 2008. Effects of model organophosphorous pesticides on DNA damage and proliferation of HepG2 cells. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 49: 360-367.
• Hyršl, P., Büyükgüzel, E., Büyükgüzel, K. 2008. Boric acid-induced effects on protein profiles of Galleria mellonella hemolymph and fat body. Acta Biol. Hung., 59: 281-288.
• Jenson, EA., Arthur FH., Nechols JR. 2009. Efficacy of methoprene applied at different temperatures and rates on surface substrates to control eggs and fifth instars of Plodia interpunctella. J. Econ. Entomol., 102: 1992-2002.
• Kajiura Z., Nakagaki, M., Takei, R. 1993. Spermiogenesis of the testes of juvenile hormone- treated silkworm larvae, Bombyx mori. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A, 106: 495-499.
• Khebbeb, MEH., Gaouaoui, R., Bendjeddou, F. 2008. Tebufenozide effects on the reproductive potentials of the mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella. Afr. J. Biotechnol., 7: 1166-1170.
• Mehlhorn, H., Mencke, N., Hansen, O. 1999. Effects of imidacloprid on adult and larval stages of the flea Ctenocephalides felis after in vivo and in vitro application: a light- and electron-microscopy study. Parasitol. Res., 85: 625–637.
• Miles, M, Kemmitt, G. 2005. Field studies to determine mancozeb based spray programmes with minimal impact on predatory mites in European vine cultivation. Commun. Agric. Appl. Biol. Sci., 4: 559-567.
• Osorio, A., Martínez, AM., Schneider, MI., Díaz, O., Corrales, JL., Avilés, MC., Smagghe, G., Pineda, S. 2008. Monitoring of beet armyworm resistance to spinosad and methoxyfenozide in Mexico. Pest Manag. Sci. 64: 1001-1007. Pesticide Properties DataBase 2009. http://sitem.herts.ac.uk/aeru/projects/ppdb/in dex.htm.
• Pineda, S., Martínez, AM., Figueroa, JI., Schneider, MI., Del Estal, P., Viñuela, E., Benjamín Gómez, B., Smagghe, G., Budia, F. 2009. Influence of Azadirachtin and Methoxyfenozide on Life Parameters of Spodoptera littoralis Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Econ. Entomol., 102: 1490-1496.
• Pineda, S., Schneider, MI., Smagghe, G., Martínez, AM., Del Estal, P., Viñuela, E., Valle, J., Budia, F. 2007. Lethal and sublethal effects of methoxyfenozide and spinosad. J. Econ. Entomol., 100: 773-780. Sadeghi A., Smagghe, G., Broeders, S., Hernalsteens, JP., De Greve, H., Peumans, WJ., Van Damme, EJ. 2008. Ectopically expressed leaf and bulb lectins from garlic (Allium sativum L.) protect transgenic tobacco plants against cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis). Transgenic Res., 17: 9-18.
• Sakr, SA., Mahran, HA., Abo-Elyazid, SM. 2005. Effect of DBB on mancozeb fungicide induced ultrastructural and biochemical changes in the liver of albino mice. Proc. 9th Conf. Environ. Sci. Tech., pp. 809-816.
• Seth, RK., Kaur, JJ., Rao, DK., Reynolds, SE. 2004. Effects of larval exposure to sublethal concentrations of the ecdysteroid agonists RH- 5849 and tebufenozide (RH-5992) on male reproductive physiology in Spodoptera litura. J. Insect Physiol., 50: 505-517. Soltani, N., Soltani-Mazouni
• Diflubenzuron and oogenesis in the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.). J. Pestic. Sci., 34: 257– 261. N. 1992.
• Wang, AH., Wu, JC., Yu, YS., Liu, JL., Yue, JF., Wang, MY. 2005 Selective insecticide-induced stimulation on fecundity and biochemical changes in Tryporyza incertulas (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). J. Econ. Entomol., 98: 1144-1149.
• Wei, H., Huang, Y., Du, J. 2004. Sex pheromones and reproductive behavior of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) moths reared from larvae treated with four insecticides. J. Chem. Ecol., 30: 1457-1466.
• Yang, Z., Du, JW. 2003. Effects of Sublethal Deltamethrin on the Chemical Communication System and PBAN Activity of Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Güenee). J. Chem. Ecol., 29: 1611-1619.
• Yin, XH., Wu, QJ., Li, XF., Zhang, YJ., Xu, BY. 2009. Demographic changes in multigeneration Plutella xylostella exposure to sublethal concentrations of spinosad. J. Econ. Entomol., 102: 357-365. after
• Zhou, H., Du, J., Huang, Y. 2005. Effects of Sublethal Doses of Malathion on Responses to Sex Pheromones by Male Asian Corn Borer Moths, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée). J. Chem. Ecol., 31: 1645-1656.