POSTPARTUM DEPRESYONDA TAMAMLAYICI VE ALTERNATİF TEDAVİLER

Öz

Postpartum depresyon (PPD) doğum olayının bir komplikasyonu olup doğum sonrası ilk 4 hafta içinde ya da ilk 3-6 ay ya da 1 yıl içinde başlayabilir, uzun yıllar sürebilir hatta doğum sonrası psikoza dönüşebilir. Depresif belirtilerin varlığı, ruhsal ve fiziksel enerji kaybına neden olarak ve bireyin aile, iş ve sosyal yaşamını olumsuz etkileyerek yaşam kalitesini etkiler. Ayrıca PPD, annenin bebeğiyle olan etkileşimini, bağlanmasını etkileyebileceği gibi, annenin davranışşal ve neuro kognitif gelişimi üzerine de olumsuz etki oluşturabileceğinden, bebek gelişimini birçok yönleriyle negatif etkilemesi mümkündür. Depresif belirtiler yaşayan kadınların çoğunun tıbbi yardım aramadıkları tahmin edilmektedir. Bu nedenle, PPD belirtileri bir halk sağlığı sorunu olarak ele alınmalıdır.Tedavi edilmeyen perinatal depresyonun risklerine karşın, kadınların çoğu doğum sonrası antidepresyon tedavisine devam etmek yerine emzirirken standart ilaç dışındaki tedavi arayışlarına girebilmektedir. Ebelik uygulamalarında da ebeler çoğu ülkede doğum ve doğum sonrası dönemde tamamlayıcı alternatif tedavi (TAT) yöntemlerini kullanılabilmektedir. Bu nedenle kadınlar PPD için TAT yöntemlerinden yararlanmak isteyebilir, talep edebilir ya da tercih edebilir, hizmet veren ebelerin de bu alanda gerektiğinde bu talebi karşılayabilmesi, kadınları bilgilendirebilmesi ve danışmanlık yapabilmesi için TAT konusunda bilgi sahibi olmaları önemlidir. Özellikle orta ve hafif düzeyde depresyon belirtileri olan kadınlar TAT’i alternatif olarak seçebilirken, ağır PPD semptomları olan kadınlar TAT’ı konvansiyonel tedaviyi tamamlayıcı özellik olarak tercih edebilirler. Bu derleme çalışmasında PPD’un tedavisinde en yaygın tamamlayıcı alternatif tedavi yöntemlerinin kullanımı literatür doğrultusunda ele alınacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Postpartum depresyon, alternetif tedavi stratejileri, ebelik

Complementary and Alternative Treatments for Postpartum Depression

Öz

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a complication of childbirth process, it may occur within the first four weeks, the first 3 to 6 months or one year postpartum, and it may last many years or even turn into postpartum psychosis. Presence of depressive symptoms causes loss of mental and physical energy, and adversely affects an individual’s family, work and social life and thus his/her quality of life. In addition, PPD affects not only the mother-infant interaction and attachment but also the mother’s behavioral and cognitive development, which in turn can adversely affect the development of the infant in many aspects. It is assumed that most of the women with depressive symptoms do not seek medical help. Therefore, the symptoms of PPD should be considered as a public health problem. Despite the risks of untreated perinatal depression, most women seek non-standard treatment methods instead of having regular medical anti-depression treatment after birth. In many countries, midwives use complementary alternative treatment (CAT) methods in their midwifery practices during the intra-partum and postpartum periods. Therefore, women might want to be treated with CAT methods for PPD; therefore, midwives serving them should be adequately knowledgeable of CAT in order to meet women’s demand, and to inform and provide counseling for women about CAT. Whereas women especially with moderate or mild depression symptoms can choose CAT as an alternative method, women with severe PPD symptoms can choose CAT as a complement to the conventional treatment. In this review, the use of most common complementary and alternative therapies in the treatment of PPD will be discussed in the light of the literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Postpartum depression, complementary alternative treatment, midwifery

Kaynakça

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