Suriye’nin Çöküşünde Geçmişin İzleri: Baas Partisi ve Hafız Esad’dan Miras Kalan Stratejik Kültür

Öz

Suriye’de 27 Kasım 2024’de başlayıp 8 Aralık’ta muhaliflerin Şam’a girmesiyle sonuçlanan bir operasyonla 61 yıllık Baas rejimi devrildi. Son 13 yılı iç çatışma ve ayaklanmalarla geçen Beşar Esad iktidarının 12 günde çöküşü ve ülke yönetiminin muhalif grupların eline geçmesi tarihi bir olaydır. Suriye’de olup bitenler küresel güçlerin “Büyük Ortadoğu Projesi” kapsamında başlattığı “Arap Baharı” denilen kanlı sürecin beklenen bir aşamasıdır. Ancak Suriye’nin çöküşünü tamamen dış etkiler ve uluslararası konjonktüre bağlamak ülkenin geçmişinden kaynaklı nedenleri görmezden gelmek olur. Zira Baas ideolojisi ve Hafız Esad’ın yıllar içinde yerleştirdiği stratejik kültür de Suriye’nin bugün içine düştüğü durumun temel etkenlerinden biridir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Suriye
• stratejik kültür
• iç savaş
• Baas Partisi
• Hafız Esad

The Traces of the Past in the Collapse of Syria: The Strategic Culture Inherited From The Ba'ath Party and Hafez Al-Assad

Öz

In Syria, the 61-year-old Ba'ath regime was overthrown in an operation that began on November 27, 2024, and culminated in the entry of opposition forces into Damascus on December 8. The collapse of Bashar al-Assad's rule, which had been marked by internal conflict and uprisings for the past 13 years, and the transfer of control of the country to opposition groups in 12 days, is a historic event. What happened in Syria is an expected stage in the bloody process called the "Arab Spring," initiated by global powers as part of their "Greater Middle East Project." However, attributing Syria's collapse entirely to external influences and the international conjuncture would be ignoring the reasons stemming from the country's own past. Indeed, the Ba’ath ideology and the strategic culture established over the years by Hafez al-Assad are also among the fundamental factors behind the situation Syria has fallen into today.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Syria
• strategic culture
• internal strife
• Ba’ath Party
• Hafez al-Assad

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