Place and Importance of Metallic Mines in EIA Regulations

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 33 - 43

Nusret Güngör , Ali Koray Özdoğan

Öz

National and international policies, legislations, partnership agreements, conventions, contracts, directives and guidelines for the solution of problems encountered in global, regional and national environmental issues determine the methods and intended objectives for the protection of the environment. In all activities, in addition to the economic benefit and environmental efficiency of the activities, the principle of sustainable economic development and the long-term efficiency of the process are taken as basis. In these evaluations, the right to participation is taken as a basis in the establishment of environmental targets the opinions of the local people where all activities related to mining will be carried out in advance and their suggestions on the subject are taken into consideration by all stakeholders carrying out the activity and taken into consideration in the final decision. The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Regulation is the practice that effectively evaluates environmental issues before the start of operations.

EIA envisages general measures for the region/area where the activity will be carried out within the cause-effect relationship in relation to the environment in mining and special measures according to the processing process of the mine planned to be operated and to protect the environment without polluting it. It is based on the right to democratic participation by prioritizing the opinions of the local people regarding the project subject to the activity. It proposes solutions to the problems that may be encountered before the start of the activities and in this context, it enables a preventive / protective pro-active approach. It adopts the concept of circular economy/least residual production/zero residuals. EIA is not a property permit or a final authorization. EIA is a commitment and a prediction in the light of available data and information. EIA is a modern practice and process specific to contemporary civilizations. It is one of the cornerstones of investment for the environment based on science and technique. EIA is seen as the most effective basis for taking precautions in possible situations in the environmental management process and as a plan for the operator. Considering that there is no alternative area in mining activities, the measures and commitments to be taken within the framework of technological developments, science, technique and relevant legislation are important.

The dynamism of the environmental legislation, especially the EIA regulationsand the fact that they have been changed twenty-three times, mainly and partially, since 1993 creates some differences in the evaluation of metallic mines according to the EIA regulations. The criteria of environmental assessment vary according to the type, attribute, production method, plant capacity, annual production amount and location of metallic mines. In addition, commitments and measures to be taken in the EIA assessment process and the beneficiation process to recover the ore are important. Most of the mining activities that are subject to discussions after the final decision of the EIA regulations are related to metallic mines. Awareness of sector stakeholders on EIA should be continuous and pro-active.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Environment , Metallic Mines , Social View

Kaynakça

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