ULUSLARARASI SUÇLARA YÖNELİK KRİMİNOLOJİK YAKLAŞIMLARIN ULUSLARARASI HUKUK KAPSAMINDA DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 19 - 46, 30.04.2024

Cansu Atılgan Pazvantoğlu

https://doi.org/10.59909/khm.1347204

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, uluslararası suçlara yönelik kriminolojik yaklaşımları; Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi kapsamına giren uluslararası suçlar özelinde, Uluslararası Hukuk ve Kriminoloji alanlarının etkileşiminde işbirliği ya da dışlamaya neden olan girişim ya da kısıtları değerlendirerek, disiplinerarası bir bakış açısıyla çözümlemektir. Çalışma söz konusu alanların temel özelliklerine, kuramsal altyapılarına ve tarihsel süreçte yaşanan kırılmalara değinerek, literatürde baskın biçimde tartışılan kriminolojinin uluslararası suçları göz ardı ettiği iddiasını incelemiş ve kriminolojik yaklaşımların daha esnek ve eleştirel bakış açıları getiren ve karşılıklı kazanımlara odaklanan seyriyle uluslararası suçların çözümlenmesine yönelik Uluslararası Hukuk araştırmalarına giderek daha yakın konumlandığı görülmüştür. Ceza Hukuku’nun kriminolojik yaklaşımlarla ulusal düzeyde var olan yakın ilişkisi, uluslararası ve ulus-üstü çalışmalarda eksiktir. Bu eksikliğin giderilmesine ilişkin girişimler artarak devam etmektedir. Bu araştırma ulusal literatürdeki eksiği de göz önünde bulunduran, bu konudaki işbirliğine yönelik bir çağrı niteliğindedir. Çalışmada ayrıca, uluslararası suçlara yönelik kriminolojik yaklaşımların uluslararası suçların önlenmesine ilişkin katkıları değerlendirilmiş, her ne kadar mevcut sistem cezalandırma ve kovuşturmalar yönünden ciddi eleştirilere maruz kalsa da uluslararası suçların önlenmesi odağında kriminoloji alanıyla işbirliğinin olumlu sonuçlar vereceği değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararası Suçlar, Kriminoloji, Uluslararası Hukuk, Uluslararası Ceza Mahkemesi, Disiplinlerarası

Die Bewertung kriminologischer Ansätze zu internationalen Verbrechen im Rahmen des Völkerrechts

Öz

Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, kriminologische Ansätze im Zusammenhang mit internationalen Verbrechen zu untersuchen; speziell im Rahmen des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofs, die Bemühungen oder Beschränkungen der Zusammenarbeit oder Ausschließung im Zusammenspiel von Internationalem Recht und Kriminologie in Bezug auf internationale Verbrechen zu bewerten und interdisziplinär zu analysieren. Die Arbeit untersucht die grundlegenden Merkmale, theoretischen Grundlagen und historischen Brüche dieser Bereiche, um die Behauptung zu prüfen, dass die Kriminologie in der Literatur überwiegend die internationalen Verbrechen vernachlässigt habe. Es wurde festgestellt, dass die kriminologischen Ansätze im Verlauf flexibler und kritischer wurden, einen interdisziplinären Blickwinkel einnahmen und sich auf gegenseitige Gewinne konzentrierten, was zu einer engeren Verbindung mit den Untersuchungen des Internationalen Rechts im Zusammenhang mit der Analyse internationaler Verbrechen führte. Die enge Beziehung zwischen Strafrecht und kriminologischen Ansätzen auf nationaler Ebene fehlt jedoch in internationalen und supranationalen Studien. Bemühungen zur Behebung dieser Lücke nehmen stetig zu. Diese Forschung ist auch ein Aufruf zur Zusammenarbeit, der die bestehende Lücke in der nationalen Literatur berücksichtigt. Darüber hinaus wurden in der Arbeit die Beiträge der kriminologischen Ansätze zu internationalen Verbrechen hinsichtlich ihrer Prävention bewertet. Obwohl das bestehende System in Bezug auf Bestrafung und Verfolgung ernsthafter Kritik ausgesetzt ist, wurde festgestellt, dass die Zusammenarbeit mit dem Bereich Kriminologie positive Ergebnisse bei der Verhinderung internationaler Verbrechen erzielen könnte.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Internationale Verbrechen, Kriminologie, Internationales Recht, Internationaler Strafgerichtshof, Interdisziplinär

AN ASSESSMENT OF CRIMINOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO INTERNATIONAL CRIMES WITHIN THE SCOPE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW

Öz

The aim of this study is to analyze criminological approaches to international crimes; specifically, within the scope of crimes falling under the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court, evaluating attempts or constraints that lead to collaboration or exclusion between the fields of International Law and Criminology, and to provide an interdisciplinary perspective. The study examines the claim that criminology predominantly overlooks international crimes by addressing the fundamental characteristics, theoretical frameworks, and historical ruptures of these fields. It has been observed that criminological approaches have progressively aligned themselves more closely with International Law research focused on the analysis of international crimes, introducing more flexible and critically oriented perspectives that emphasize mutual gains. The close relationship between Criminal Law and criminological approaches at the national level is lacking in international and supranational studies. Efforts to address this deficiency continue to increase. This research takes into account the gap in the national literature and serves as a call for collaboration on this subject. Additionally, the study assesses the contributions of criminological approaches to the prevention of international crimes. Despite facing substantial criticism in terms of punitive measures and prosecutions within the current system, collaboration with the field of criminology is deemed to yield positive outcomes in the prevention of international crimes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

International Crimes, Criminology, International Law, International Criminal Court, Interdisciplinary

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