AN EXAMINATION ON THE “STATE OF EXCEPTION” IN ITS THEORETICAL DIMENSION

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 287 - 306, 30.04.2024

Semih Batur Kaya

https://doi.org/10.59909/khm.1421079

Öz

The state of exception is gradually expanding globally both in terms of meaning and scope. In this respect, we can say that the state of exception continues to be a noteworthy issue as a global phenomenon. When we look at it within the scope of our study, it should be noted that the state of exception has generally developed depending on a “sovereign” and its “decision” in the historical process. However, when the state of exception is dominant and it is read through the moment of decision, many problems may arise. The most fundamental of these problems is the legality and functionality of the state of exception. Indeed, the state of exception may have to lose its legality when it is read through the sovereign rather than the state as a legal form of unity. Of course, what we mean by legality here is to refer to the legitimacy as well as the legality of the state of exception. The argument put forward in the study is that instead of being at the dominant axis of the decision and practice regarding the state of exception, it is based and functions in an integrated manner with the state, which is a legal form. Because only in this way does the state of exception cease to be arbitrary and citizens are faced with a state of exception within the law. This provides a very important guarantee in terms of fundamental rights and freedoms. In this direction, in our study, we firstly examine the issue of the state of exception with the state.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Political, Sovereign, State, State of Exception, Legal Form

KURAMSAL BOYUTUYLA “İSTİSNA HALİ” ÜZERİNE BİR İNCELEME

Öz

İstisna hali küresel anlamda giderek gerek anlam gerek kapsam bakımından genişlemektedir. Bu bakımdan istisna halinin küresel bir olgu olarak dikkate değer bir konu olmaya devam ettiğini söyleyebiliriz. Çalışmamız kapsamında baktığımızda genel itibariyle istisna halinin tarihsel süreçte bir “egemen” ve bunun “karar”ına bağlı olarak geliştiğini belirtmek gerekir. Ne var ki istisna hali egemen ve bunun karar anı üzerinden okunduğunda pek çok sorun ortaya çıkabilmektedir. Bu sorunlardan en temeli istisna halinin hukukilik olan bağı ve işlevselliğidir. Gerçekten de istisna hali hukuki bir “bir”lik formu olarak devlet yerine egemen üzerinden okunduğunda hukukiliğini yitirmek durumunda kalabilmektedir. Burada elbette hukukilik ile kasttettiğimiz istisna haline dair yasallık ile birlikte meşruluğa da atıfta bulunmaktır. Çalışmada ileri sürülen sav, istisna haline ilişkin karar ve uygulamanın egemen ekseninde olmak yerine hukuki bir form olan devlet ile bütünleşik bir şekilde dayanak ve işleyiş göstermesidir. Çünkü ancak bu şekilde istisna hali keyfi olmaktan sıyrılır ve vatandaşlar tamamıyla hukuk içerisindeki bir istisna haliyle karşı karşıya kalır. Bu da temel hak ve özgürlükler açısından oldukça önemli bir garanti sağlamaktadır. İşte bu doğrultuda çalışmamızda öncelikle istisna halinin devletle ilişkisi incelenmiş, ardından daha geniş bir kapsamla siyasal olanla etkileşimine değinilmiştir. Bu bakımdan semantik fonksiyonu tespit edilen istisna halinin egemen kavramıyla olan bağı irdelenmiştir. Nihayet en sonda bir değerlendirme sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Siyasal Olan, Egemen, Devlet, İstisna Hali, Hukuki Form

Kaynakça

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