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Dini Motifli Terör Söylemi (Deaş Örneği)

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 40, 83 - 105, 05.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.17134/khosbd.1001188

Öz

Her ne kadar fiziki olarak etkisini yitirse de, Deaş terör örgütünün insangücü üzerindeki etkisi merak konusu olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çerçevede yapılan çalışmada, Dini Motifli Terör Söylemi’nin Deaş terör örgütü örneğinde tanımlanması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada, Deaş’ın çıkarmış olduğu Dabık ve Roma dergileri içerik, tema ve söylem analizi tekniği ile incelenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; Deaş’ın söylemini birbirini şekillendiren ve bütünleştiren temalar üzerine kurduğu, söylemin oluşumundaki temaların (hakikat arayışı, kutsal savaş, birlik, topluluk, göç, devlet başkanı, Müslüman toplum, yönetim) bir sebep ve sonuç döngüsü içerisinde birbirine bağlantılı olduğu görülmüştür. Olayların kurgusal tasviri, anlatılarda ideolojik ayrılık ve gri bölgenin bulunmaması, önermelerde ikili karşıtlıklar, ilahi anlatım, şiddetin görselleştirilmesi, aşağılanmaya ilişkin intikam söylemi, grup üyelerinin motivasyonu ve grup içi jargonunun kullanımına yönelik temalar dini motifli terör söyleminin temel özelliklerini oluşturmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aydinalp, H. (2011). İntihar Eylemleri Ekseninde Din ve Terör, Ankara: Birleşik Yayınevi.
  • Barthes, R. (1968). Elements of Semiolog. Hill and Wang.
  • Diamond, L. (2003). Islam and Democracy in the Middle East, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Fairclough, N. and Wodak, R. (1997). Critical Discourse Analysis. In T. V. Dijk, Discourse Studies. A Multidisciplinary Introduction. Vol.2. Discourse As Social Interaction, 258-284, London: Sage.
  • Fernandez, Alberto M. (2015). Here to Stay and Growing: Combating Isis Propaganda Networks, Washington, Dc: Center For Middle East Policy At Brookings.
  • Juergensmeyer, M. (2000). Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence, University of California Press.
  • Schmid, A. and De Graaf, J. (1982). Violence As Communication, Beverly Hills, Ca: Sage.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1988). News As Discourse, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc. Publishers.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (2007). The Study Of Discourse: An Introduction, In T. V. Dijk, Discourse Studies. 5 Vols. Xix-Xiii, London: Sage.
  • Zelizer, B. (1995). Words against Images: Positioning Newswork in the Age of Photography, In H. Hardt, & B. Brennen, Newsworkers: Towards A History of the Rank and File, 136, Minneapolis: University Of Minnesota Press. Bennett, C. (2004). The Concept Of Violence, War and Jihad in Islam, Dialogue and Alliance, Dialogue and Alliance, Vol.18/1, 31-51.
  • Gates, S. and Podder, S. (2015). Social Media, Recruitment, Allegiance and The Islamic State, Perspectives on Terrorism, Vol.9/4, 107-116.
  • Kellner, D. (2006). 9/11, Spectacles of Terror and Media Manipulation, Critical Discourse Studies, Vol.1:1, 41-64.
  • Melki, J. and Jabado, M. (2016). Mediated Public Diplomacy of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria: The Synergistic Use of Terrorism, Social Media and Branding, Media and Communication, Vol.4/2, 92-103.
  • Olufowote, J. and Matusitz, J. (2016).Visual Motifs in Islamist Terrorism: Applying Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Journal of Applied Security Research, Vol.11/1, 16-32.
  • Semati, M. and Szpunar, P.M. (2018). Isis Beyond The Spectacle: Communication Media, Networked Publics, Terrorism, Critical Studies in Media Communication, Vol 35/1, 1-7.
  • Vergani, M. and Bliuc, A.M. (2015). The Evolution Of The Isis’ Language: A Quantitative Analysis of the Language of the First Year of Dabiq Magazine, Terrorismo E Società, Vol.2, 7-20.
  • Zeidan, D. (2003). A Comparative Study Selected Of Themes in Christian and Islamic Fundamentalist Discourses, Christian and Islamic Funbritish Journal Of Middle Eastem Studies, Vol.30/1, 43-80.
  • Zelin, A.Y. (2015). Picture Or It Didn’t Happen: A Snapshot of the Islamic State’s Official Media Output, Perspectives on Terrorism, Vol.9/4, 85-97.
  • Kirazoluğu, O. (2020). Religiously Motivated Terror Discourse in Media: Daesh Case, Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Girne American University Graduate School of Social and Applied Sciences, Girne.
  • Beadle, S. (2017). How does the Internet facilitate radicalization? London: War Studies Department, King’s College, London. Retrieved on 28.09.2020. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/52630032.
  • Cosgrove, J. al-Chalabi, M. and Lee, S. (2014). Understanding the Threat: Explaining the Rise the Appeal of the Islamic State, John Hopkins University Applied Physics Labarotory, 100-109. Retrieved on 28.09.2020. https://www.start.umd.edu/pubs/START_ISIL_Lesson1_UnderstandingTheThreat.pdf.
  • Dabiq Magazine. Clarion Project. Retrieved on 02.10.2018. https://clarionproject.org/islamicstate-isis-isil-propaganda-magazine-dabiq.
  • Greene, K. (2015). ISIS: Trends in Terrorist Media and Propaganda. International Studies Capstone Research Papers, 3. Cedarville University. Retrieved on 28.09.2020.https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/international_studies_capstones/3.
  • Liang, C. S. (2015). Cyber Jihad: Understanding and Countering Islamic State Propaganda, Geneva Center for Security Policy. International Studies Capstone Research Papers, 3. Cedarville University. Retrieved on 28.09.2020.https://www.jugendundmedien.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/3_Medienkompetenz/Gegennarrative/Cyber_Jihad_Understanding_and_Countering_Islamic_State_Propaganda.pdf.
  • Nissen, T. E. (2014). Terror.com - IS´s Social Media Warfare in Syria and Iraq, Military Studies Magazine, Royal Danish Defence College, Vol.2, 2-8. Retrieved on 15.05.2019. https://www.stratcomcoe.org/thomas-elkjer-nissen-terrorcom-iss-social-media-warfare-syria-and-iraq.
  • Pellerin, C. (2016). Communicating Terror: An Analysis of ISIS Communication Strategy. Retrieved on 15.05.2019. https://www.sciencespo.fr/kuwait-program/wpcontent/uploads/2018/05/KSP_Paper_Award_Spring_2016_PELLERIN_ Clara.pdf.
  • Winter, C. (2015). The Virtual ‘Caliphate’: Understanding Islamic State’s Propaganda Strategy, Quilliam. Retrieved on 15.05.2019. https://www.stratcomcoe.org/charlie-winter-virtual-caliphate-understanding-islamic-states-propaganda-strategy.

Religiously Motivated Terror Discourse (Daesh Case)

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 40, 83 - 105, 05.11.2021
https://doi.org/10.17134/khosbd.1001188

Öz

Although Daesh has lost its effect physically, its influence on manpower remains a matter of curiosity. The aim of this article is to define ‘Religiously Motivated Terror Discourse’ on Daesh terror organization case. Daesh’s online magazines, Dabıq and Rumiyah, are analyzed by content, thematic and discourse analysis. The analysis displays that Daesh constructs its discourse on the main themes (manhaj, jihad, tawhid, jama’ah, hijrah, imamah, ummah, khalifah) which prefigure and integrate each other. Themes are linked to form a cause and consequence cycle in the construction of this discourse. Fictitious description of events, ideological separation in narratives, binary opposing themes in propositions, absence of gray zone in narratives, divine narratives, brutal imagery in visuals, discourse on the vengeance of humiliation, the motivation of group members, and use of inner group jargon are the main characteristics of this discourse.

Kaynakça

  • Aydinalp, H. (2011). İntihar Eylemleri Ekseninde Din ve Terör, Ankara: Birleşik Yayınevi.
  • Barthes, R. (1968). Elements of Semiolog. Hill and Wang.
  • Diamond, L. (2003). Islam and Democracy in the Middle East, Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Fairclough, N. and Wodak, R. (1997). Critical Discourse Analysis. In T. V. Dijk, Discourse Studies. A Multidisciplinary Introduction. Vol.2. Discourse As Social Interaction, 258-284, London: Sage.
  • Fernandez, Alberto M. (2015). Here to Stay and Growing: Combating Isis Propaganda Networks, Washington, Dc: Center For Middle East Policy At Brookings.
  • Juergensmeyer, M. (2000). Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence, University of California Press.
  • Schmid, A. and De Graaf, J. (1982). Violence As Communication, Beverly Hills, Ca: Sage.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (1988). News As Discourse, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc. Publishers.
  • Van Dijk, Teun A. (2007). The Study Of Discourse: An Introduction, In T. V. Dijk, Discourse Studies. 5 Vols. Xix-Xiii, London: Sage.
  • Zelizer, B. (1995). Words against Images: Positioning Newswork in the Age of Photography, In H. Hardt, & B. Brennen, Newsworkers: Towards A History of the Rank and File, 136, Minneapolis: University Of Minnesota Press. Bennett, C. (2004). The Concept Of Violence, War and Jihad in Islam, Dialogue and Alliance, Dialogue and Alliance, Vol.18/1, 31-51.
  • Gates, S. and Podder, S. (2015). Social Media, Recruitment, Allegiance and The Islamic State, Perspectives on Terrorism, Vol.9/4, 107-116.
  • Kellner, D. (2006). 9/11, Spectacles of Terror and Media Manipulation, Critical Discourse Studies, Vol.1:1, 41-64.
  • Melki, J. and Jabado, M. (2016). Mediated Public Diplomacy of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria: The Synergistic Use of Terrorism, Social Media and Branding, Media and Communication, Vol.4/2, 92-103.
  • Olufowote, J. and Matusitz, J. (2016).Visual Motifs in Islamist Terrorism: Applying Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Journal of Applied Security Research, Vol.11/1, 16-32.
  • Semati, M. and Szpunar, P.M. (2018). Isis Beyond The Spectacle: Communication Media, Networked Publics, Terrorism, Critical Studies in Media Communication, Vol 35/1, 1-7.
  • Vergani, M. and Bliuc, A.M. (2015). The Evolution Of The Isis’ Language: A Quantitative Analysis of the Language of the First Year of Dabiq Magazine, Terrorismo E Società, Vol.2, 7-20.
  • Zeidan, D. (2003). A Comparative Study Selected Of Themes in Christian and Islamic Fundamentalist Discourses, Christian and Islamic Funbritish Journal Of Middle Eastem Studies, Vol.30/1, 43-80.
  • Zelin, A.Y. (2015). Picture Or It Didn’t Happen: A Snapshot of the Islamic State’s Official Media Output, Perspectives on Terrorism, Vol.9/4, 85-97.
  • Kirazoluğu, O. (2020). Religiously Motivated Terror Discourse in Media: Daesh Case, Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, Girne American University Graduate School of Social and Applied Sciences, Girne.
  • Beadle, S. (2017). How does the Internet facilitate radicalization? London: War Studies Department, King’s College, London. Retrieved on 28.09.2020. https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/52630032.
  • Cosgrove, J. al-Chalabi, M. and Lee, S. (2014). Understanding the Threat: Explaining the Rise the Appeal of the Islamic State, John Hopkins University Applied Physics Labarotory, 100-109. Retrieved on 28.09.2020. https://www.start.umd.edu/pubs/START_ISIL_Lesson1_UnderstandingTheThreat.pdf.
  • Dabiq Magazine. Clarion Project. Retrieved on 02.10.2018. https://clarionproject.org/islamicstate-isis-isil-propaganda-magazine-dabiq.
  • Greene, K. (2015). ISIS: Trends in Terrorist Media and Propaganda. International Studies Capstone Research Papers, 3. Cedarville University. Retrieved on 28.09.2020.https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/international_studies_capstones/3.
  • Liang, C. S. (2015). Cyber Jihad: Understanding and Countering Islamic State Propaganda, Geneva Center for Security Policy. International Studies Capstone Research Papers, 3. Cedarville University. Retrieved on 28.09.2020.https://www.jugendundmedien.ch/fileadmin/user_upload/3_Medienkompetenz/Gegennarrative/Cyber_Jihad_Understanding_and_Countering_Islamic_State_Propaganda.pdf.
  • Nissen, T. E. (2014). Terror.com - IS´s Social Media Warfare in Syria and Iraq, Military Studies Magazine, Royal Danish Defence College, Vol.2, 2-8. Retrieved on 15.05.2019. https://www.stratcomcoe.org/thomas-elkjer-nissen-terrorcom-iss-social-media-warfare-syria-and-iraq.
  • Pellerin, C. (2016). Communicating Terror: An Analysis of ISIS Communication Strategy. Retrieved on 15.05.2019. https://www.sciencespo.fr/kuwait-program/wpcontent/uploads/2018/05/KSP_Paper_Award_Spring_2016_PELLERIN_ Clara.pdf.
  • Winter, C. (2015). The Virtual ‘Caliphate’: Understanding Islamic State’s Propaganda Strategy, Quilliam. Retrieved on 15.05.2019. https://www.stratcomcoe.org/charlie-winter-virtual-caliphate-understanding-islamic-states-propaganda-strategy.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Oktay Kirazoluğu

Yayımlanma Tarihi 5 Kasım 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Eylül 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 40

Kaynak Göster

IEEE O. Kirazoluğu, “Religiously Motivated Terror Discourse (Daesh Case)”, Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 2, sy. 40, ss. 83–105, 2021, doi: 10.17134/khosbd.1001188.