Microstructure and Composition Design Modeling of Thermal Acidic and Enzyme Degraded Adana Origin Maize Starch Granules Using Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscope (FEG-SEM)
Öz
Native or modified starches are utilized in nutrition, medicine, fabric, paper, detergent and biodegradable plastic industries promising the development of new perceptible product approaches. In this study, Adana origin maize starch granules were treated with thermal, acidic and amylase enzyme degradation processes and examined using the Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscope (FEG-SEM) for the microstructure analysis and composition design modeling. The nanoparticle shape surface and elemental analysis of the degraded starch granules were determined. The destructions of the amylopectin polymer layers upon the degradation steps were particularly presented in extraordinary precision. The experimental deviation ratios modeling of carbon and oxygen elements in glucose molecule were determined as 0.99 and 0.29 respectively.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Thermal Acidic and Enzymatic Degradation, Adana Origin Corn Starch Granules, Microstructure and Composition Design Modeling, Structural and compositional analysis, Field Emission Gun-Scanning Electron Microscope (FEG-SEM)
Kaynakça
- Bachler, M.J., Strandberg, G.W., & Smiley, K.L. (1970). Starch conversion by immobilized glucoamylase. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 1:12(1):85–92. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260120108
- BeMiller, J.N. (2009). Starch: Chemistry and Technology, 3rd Ed. Academic Press
- Bertoft, E. (2017). Understanding Starch Structure: Recent Progress. Agronomy 7(3):56. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy7030056
- Castillo, L.A., López, O.V., Garcia, M.A., Barbosa, S.E., & Villar, M.A. (2019). Crystalline morphology of thermoplastic starch/talc nanocomposites induced by thermal processing. Heliyon 1:5(6):e01877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01877 Chakraborty, I., Pallen, S., Shetty, Y., Roy, N., & Mazumder, N. (2020). Advanced microscopy techniques for revealing molecular structure of starch granules. Biophysical Reviews 16:12(1):105–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-020-00614-7
- Chen, Y.F., Kaur, L., & Singh, J. (2018). Chemical modification of starch. In: Elsevier eBooks 283–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100868-3.00007-x
- Chen, P., Yu, L., Chen, L., & Li, X. (2006). Morphology and Microstructure of Maize Starches with Different Amylose/Amylopectin Content. Starch-starke 1:58(12):611–5. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.200500529
- Fannon, J.E., Hauber, R.J., & BeMiller, J.N. (1992). Surface pores of starch granules. Cereal Chemistry 69:284-288. Govindaraju, I., Chakraborty, I., Baruah, V.J., Sarmah, B., Mahato, K.K., & Mazumder, N. (2020). Structure and morphological properties of starch macromolecule using biophysical techniques. Starch-starke 12:73(1–2). https://doi.org/10.1002/star.202000030
- Hall, D., & Sayre, J.G. (1973). A comparison of starch granules as seen by both scanning electron and ordinary light microscopy. Starch-starke 1;25(4):119–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.19730250404
- Hill, R.D., & Dronzek, B.L. (1973). Scanning Electron Microscopy Studies of Wheat, Potato and Corn Starch during Gelatinization. Starch-starke 1:25(11):367–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/star.19730251104
- Jane, J. (1995). Starch Properties, Modifications, and Applications. Journal of Macromolecular Science 32(4):751-757. https://doi.org/10.1080/10601329508010286. Li, P., Ben-Shan, Z., Shen, Q., Hu, X., & Li, W. (2010). Preparation and structure analysis of noncrystalline granular starch. International Journal of Food Engineering 26:6(4). https://doi.org/10.2202/1556-3758.1900