AVLU YÖNÜ VE GENİŞLİĞİNİN BİNALARIN ENERJİ YÜKLERİNE ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Her türlü enerji tüketimini azaltma ve rasyonelleştirme yönündeki küresel eğilime rağmen, Irak'ta yapı üretimi enerji etkinliği ile ilgili farkındalık olmadan devam etmektedir. Binalarda enerjinin korunması, küresel bir trend sorunu olarak Irak'taki hem siyasi hem de bilimsel programların en önemli konularından biri haline gelmelidir. Irak'ın artan nüfusu ve azalan fosil temelli enerji kaynakları binalarda enerji verimliliği için önemli katalizörler olarak ortaya çıkmmaktadır. Buna ek olarak maliyet verimliliği, karbon emisyonlarını azaltma ihtiyacı ve enerji tüketimine olan bağımlılığın azaltılması talebi enerji tasarrufu için temel nedenlerdir. Kullanım esnasında ortaya çıkan konforsuz iç mekanların ve yıl boyunca aşırı enerji kullanımının nedeni tasarımın erken aşamalarından itibaren dikkate alınmayan ısıl hesaplar ve buna bağlı olan parametrelerdir. Buradan hareketle Kerkük şehrinde binaların enerji verimliliğinin sağlanması, süregelen enerji krizi nedeniyle kritik öneme sahiptir. Bir yapı veya yapı grubunun ortasında yer alan üstü açık ve çevresi binanın kendisi ya da duvarlarla çevrili olan avlular geleneksel yerleşimlerden günümüz yapılarına kadar önemli bir mimari bileşen olmuştur. Bünyesinde bulunduğu binaların ihtiyaçlarına göre farklı fonksiyonlar üstlenen bu mimari unsurun bina fiziksel koşulları üzerinde de önemli etkileri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı avlulu yapılarda avlu genişliği ve yönünün bina enerji yükleri üzerindeki etkisinin Kerkük iklimsel koşullarında araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla seçilen bir okul yapısının farklı senaryoları için enerji performansları benzetim yoluyla (Revit and green building studio) hesaplanmış olup sonuçlar karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu sayede çalışmanın enerji etkin yapı tasarımı noktasında Kerkük/Irak yerleşimi için tasarımcılara yol gösterici olması hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Avlu
• Enerji Yükü
• Enerji-Etkinliği
• Enerji Benzetimi

INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF COURTYARD DIRECTION AND WIDTH ON ENERGY LOADS OF BUILDINGS

Öz

Despite the global trend to reduce and rationalize all kinds of energy consumption, building production in Iraq continues without awareness of energy efficiency. Conservation of energy in the built environment should become one of the most important topics of both political and scientific programs in Iraq as a global trend issue. Iraq's growing population and declining fossil-based energy sources are emerging as important catalysts for energy efficiency in buildings. In addition, cost efficiency, the need to reduce carbon emissions, and the demand to reduce reliance on energy consumption are the main reasons for energy savings. The reason for the uncomfortable interiors that occur during use and excessive energy use throughout the year is the thermal calculations and related parameters that are not taken into account from the early stages of the design. From this point of view, ensuring the energy efficiency of buildings in the city of Kirkuk is of critical importance due to the ongoing energy crisis. Courtyards, which are open in the middle of a building or building group and surrounded by the building itself or the walls, have been an important architectural component from traditional settlements to today's buildings. This architectural element, which assumes different functions according to the needs of the buildings it is in, also has important effects on the physical conditions of the building. This study aims to investigate the effect of courtyard width and direction on building energy loads in the climatic conditions of Kirkuk in buildings with courtyards. For this purpose, the energy performances for different scenarios of a selected school building were calculated by simulation (Revit and green building studio) and the results were evaluated comparatively. In this way, it is aimed that the study will guide the designers for the Kirkuk/Iraq settlement at the point of energy-efficient building design.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Courtyard
• Energy Load
• Energy Efficiency
• Energy Simulation

Kaynakça

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