THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION GIVEN TO HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS ON SELF-CARE AGENCY AND FLUID CONTROL: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

Öz

Objective: This study investigated the effects of education on hemodialysis management provided to patients receiving hemodialysis treatment on self-care agency and fluid control. Method: The study was conducted using a randomized controlled experimental design. Participants receiving hemodialysis treatment were divided into two groups: the intervention group (n=26) and the control group (n=28). Data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form, Self-Care Agency Scale, and Fluid Control in Hemodialysis Patients Scale. The intervention group received individualized education based on the educational booklet entitled “Living with Hemodialysis,” followed by weekly telephone follow-up for seven weeks. Patients in the control group received standard nursing care in accordance with the institution’s routine practices. Eight weeks after the pre-test, the measurement tools were re-administered to both groups. The study was conducted in accordance with the CONSORT guidelines for reporting randomized controlled clinical trials. Results: The post-test scores of the Fluid Control in Hemodialysis Patients Scale were significantly higher than the pre-test scores in both the intervention and control groups. The frequency of hemodialysis significantly decreased following the education in the intervention group, and the post-test frequency of hemodialysis was significantly lower than that of the control group. Self-care agency increased significantly in the intervention group; however, no significant difference was found between the groups in post-test self-care agency. A significant increase in self-care agency from pre-test to post-test was also observed in the control group. Conclusion: Structured education on hemodialysis management improved fluid control and reduced the frequency of hemodialysis in the intervention group. Although self-care agency increased significantly in the intervention group, no significant difference was found between the groups in post-test self-care agency. The integration of structured hemodialysis education into routine nursing care in an effective and sustainable manner recommended to support self-management and fluid control among patients receiving hemodialysis treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Renal Dialysis
• Education
• Nursing
• Self-Care

Destekleyen Kurum

Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK)

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Atatürk University Faculty of Nursing (2023-4/2) on 11 April 2023. Official permission was granted by the relevant institution (E-42190979-000-2300179201).

Teşekkür

We would like to express our gratitude to the 2209-A - University Students Research Projects Support Program for providing grant support for this research.

HEMODİYALİZ HASTALARINA VERİLEN EĞİTİMİN HASTALARIN ÖZ-BAKIM GÜCÜ VE SIVI KONTROLÜNE ETKİSİ

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastalara hemodiyaliz yönetimine yönelik verilen eğitimin öz-bakım gücü ve sıvı kontrolü üzerindeki etkileri araştırıldı. Yöntem: Çalışma, randomize kontrollü bir deneysel tasarımda yürütüldü. Hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan katılımcılar müdahale grubu (n=26) ve kontrol grubu (n=28) olmak üzere iki gruba ayrıldı. Veriler; Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Öz-Bakım Gücü Ölçeği ve Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Sıvı Kontrolü Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Müdahale grubuna “Hemodiyaliz ile Yaşamak” adlı eğitim kitapçığı temel alınarak bireyselleştirilmiş eğitim verildi ve ardından yedi hafta boyunca haftalık telefonla takip yapıldı. Kontrol grubundaki hastalar ise kurumun rutin uygulamaları doğrultusunda standart hemşirelik bakımı aldı. Ön testten sekiz hafta sonra ölçüm araçları her iki gruba yeniden uygulandı. Çalışma, randomize kontrollü klinik araştırmaların raporlanmasına ilişkin CONSORT yönergelerine uygun olarak yürütüldü. Bulgular: Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Sıvı Kontrolü Ölçeği son test puanlarının, hem müdahale hem de kontrol gruplarında ön test puanlarına göre anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu belirlendi. Müdahale grubunda eğitim sonrasında hemodiyalize girme sıklığı anlamlı düzeyde azaldı ve son testteki hemodiyalize girme sıklığı kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı düzeyde daha düşüktü. Müdahale grubunda öz-bakım gücü anlamlı düzeyde arttı; ancak son test öz-bakım gücü açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı. Kontrol grubunda da öz-bakım gücünde ön testten son teste anlamlı bir artış gözlendi. Sonuç: Hemodiyaliz yönetimine yönelik yapılandırılmış eğitim, müdahale grubunda sıvı kontrolünü iyileştirmiş ve hemodiyalize girme sıklığını azaltmıştır. Öz-bakım gücü müdahale grubunda anlamlı düzeyde artmasına rağmen, son test öz-bakım gücü açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Yapılandırılmış hemodiyaliz eğitiminin, hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastalarda öz-yönetimi ve sıvı kontrolünü desteklemek amacıyla rutin hemşirelik bakımına etkili ve sürdürülebilir biçimde entegre edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Böbrek Diyalizi
• Eğitim
• Hemşirelik
• Öz-Bakım

Destekleyen Kurum

Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK)

Etik Beyan

Araştırma için etik onay, 11 Nisan 2023 tarihinde Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Etik Kurulu’ndan (2023-4/2) alındı. Kurum izni ise ilgili kurumdan (E-42190979-000-2300179201) alındı.

Teşekkür

Bu araştırmaya sağladığı destekten dolayı 2209-A - Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı’na teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

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