DÜZELTİCİ EGZERSİZ PROGRAMININ ADOLESAN ESKRİMCİLERDE GÖVDE DAYANIKLILIĞI, SIÇRAMA PERFORMANSI VE REAKSİYON ZAMANI ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: RANDOMİZE KONTROLLÜ ÇALIŞMA

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 , 34 - 39 , 28.04.2026

Seda Bicici Uluşahin , Oğuzhan Mete , Mustafa Savaş Akkaya , Aydan Aytar

https://izlik.org/JA36JK52CG

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, Fonksiyonel Hareket Taraması (FHT) Pro360 sistemi kullanılarak oluşturulan sekiz haftalık bireyselleştirilmiş Fonksiyonel Düzeltici Antrenman (FDA) programının, adölesan eskrimcilerde gövde kas dayanıklılığı, sıçrama performansı ve reaksiyon zamanı üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Randomize kontrollü, tek kör bir araştırma tasarlandı. 22 adölesan eskrimci (10-19 yaş aralığında), FDA grubu (n=11) ve kontrol grubu (n=11) olarak ikiye ayrıldı. Her iki grup da düzenli antrenman programlarına devam etti, yalnızca FDA grubu FHT sonuçlarına göre oluşturulan bireyselleştirilmiş, monitörize edilen egzersiz programına katıldı. Gövde dayanıklılığı testleri (McGill protokolü), OptoJump optic sistemi ile ölçülen sıçrama performansı (eller belde squat sıçraması, tek bacak sıçrama) ve görsel reaksiyon zamanı (sıçrama yüksekliği ve reaksiyon zamanı kaydedilerek) müdahale öncesi ve sonrasında değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: FDA grubunda gövde ekstansiyon dayanıklılığı, kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde arttı (p=0.008). Ancak gövde fleksiyonu (p=0.114), sağ yan köprü (p=0.575) ve sol yan köprü (p=0.921) için gruplar arasında anlamlı fark gözlenmedi. Her iki grupta da kendi içinde squat sıçramasında (FDA: p=0.005; Kontrol: p=0.004), dominant tek bacak sıçramasında (FDA: p=0.008; Kontrol: p=0.002) ve reaksiyon zamanında (dominant: FDA p=0.014, Kontrol p<0.001; non-dominant: FDA p=0.029, Kontrol p=0.002) performans artışı saptandı. Ancak sıçrama performansı ve reaksiyon zamanı ölçümlerinde gruplar arası anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0.05).
Sonuç: Antrenman programına ek olarak uygulanan 8 haftalık bireyselleştirilmiş FDA programı, adölesan eskrimcilerde gövde ekstansiyon dayanıklılığını artırdı, ancak sıçrama performansı ve reaksiyon zamanında bir fark oluşturmadı. FDA programlarının genç sporcuların gelişimindeki potansiyelini tam olarak ortaya koymak için daha büyük örneklemler ve daha uzun müdahale sürelerine sahip araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adölesan , Atletik Performans , Reaksiyon Zamanı

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma, 1964 Helsinki Bildirgesi'ne uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Gülhane Bilimsel Araştırma Etik Kurulu (Onay No. 2024-227) tarafından onaylanmıştır. Yazılı bilgilendirilmiş onam alınmıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Yazar(lar), bu makalenin araştırması, yazımı ve/veya yayınlanması için herhangi bir mali destek almamıştır.

EFFECTS OF A CORRECTIVE EXERCISE PROGRAM ON TRUNK ENDURANCE, JUMPING PERFORMANCE AND REACTION TIME IN ADOLESCENT FENCERS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL

https://izlik.org/JA36JK52CG

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an eight-week individualized Functional Corrective Training (FCT) program, developed using the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) Pro360 system, on trunk muscle endurance, jump performance, and reaction time in adolescent fencers.
Method: A randomized controlled single-blind design was employed. Twenty-two adolescent fencers (aged 10-19 years) were allocated into either the FCT group (n=11) or control group (n=11). Both groups continued regular training, but only the FCT group received a supervised, individualized exercise program based on FMS results. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included trunk endurance tests (McGill protocol), jump performance (Countermovement Jump and Single-Leg Jump), and visual reaction time via OptoJump, an optical measurement system that records jump height and reaction time.
Results: The FCT group demonstrated a significantly greater improvement in trunk extension endurance compared to the control group (p=0.008); while no between-group differences were observed for trunk flexion (p=0.114), right side bridge (p=0.575), or left side bridge (p=0.921). Both groups showed within-group improvements in squat jump (FCT: p=0.005; Control: p=0.004), dominant leg jump (FCT: p=0.008; Control: p=0.002), and reaction time (dominant: FCT p=0.014, Control p<0.001; non-dominant: FCT p=0.029, Control p=0.002). However, no significant between-group differences were found for jump or reaction time measures (p>0.05).
Conclusion: An eight-week individualized FCT program improved trunk extension endurance in adolescent fencers but did not lead to superior gains in jumping performance or reaction time compared to regular training alone. Further studies with larger samples and longer interventions are needed to determine the full potential of FCT programs in youth athletic development.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adolescent , Athletic Performance , Reaction Time

Etik Beyan

This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and was approved by the Sağlık Bilimleri University, Gülhane Scientific Research Ethics Committee (Approval No. 2024-227). Written informed consent was obtained.

Destekleyen Kurum

The author(s) received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Kaynakça

• Turner A, Miller S, Stewart P, et al. Strength and conditioning for fencing. Strength Cond J. 2013;35(1):1-9.
• Roi GS, Bianchedi D. The science of fencing: implications for performance and injury prevention. Sports Med. 2008;38(6):465-481.
• Lloyd RS, Oliver JL, Radnor JM, Rhodes BC, Faigenbaum AD, Myer GD. Relationships between functional movement screen scores, maturation and physical performance in young soccer players. J Sports Sci. 2015;33(1):11-19.
• Pfeifer CE, Sacko RS, Ortaglia A, et al. Functional movement screen in youth sport participants: evaluating the proficiency barrier for injury. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2019;14(3):436-444.
• O'Brien W, Khodaverdi Z, Bolger L, Tarantino G, Philpott C, Neville RD. The assessment of functional movement in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2022;52(1):37-53.
• Cook G, Burton L, Hoogenboom BJ, Voight M. Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function – part 1. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2014;9(3):396-409.
• Cook G, Burton L, Hoogenboom BJ, Voight M. Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function – part 2. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2014;9(4):549-563.
• Cuchna JW, Hoch MC, Hoch JM. The interrater and intrarater reliability of the functional movement screen: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport. 2016; May(19):57-65.
• Kovac D, Krkeljas Z, Venter R. Effect of six-week traditional resistance and functional training on functional performance in female netball players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2022;14(1):10.
• Bennett H, Fuller J, Milanese S, Jones S, Moore E, Chalmers S. Relationship between movement quality and physical performance in elite adolescent Australian football players. J Strength Cond Res. 2022;36(10):2824-2829.
• Wei S, Wei D. The biomechanical characteristics of fencing lunge movements and their implications for physical training. Mol Cell Biomech. 2024;21(4):555.
• Zemková E, Zapletalová L. The role of neuromuscular control of postural and core stability in functional movement and athlete performance. Front Physiol. 2022;24(13):796097.
• Kalata M, Maly T, Hank M, et al. Unilateral and bilateral strength asymmetry among young elite athletes of various sports. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020;56(12):683.
• McGill SM, Childs A, Liebenson C. Endurance times for low back stabilization exercises: clinical targets for testing and training from a normal database. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999;80(8):941-944.
• Reiman MP, Krier AD, Nelson JA, Rogers MA, Stuke ZO, Smith BS. Comparison of different trunk endurance testing methods in college-aged individuals. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2012;7(5):533-539.
• Hanley B, Tucker CB. Reliability of the OptoJump Next system for measuring temporal values in elite racewalking. J Strength Cond Res. 2019;33(12):3438-3443.
• Mroczek D, Kawczyński A, Chmura J. Changes of reaction time and blood lactate concentration of elite volleyball players during a game. J Hum Kinet. 2011;28(1):73-78.
• Stanek JM, Dodd DJ, Kelly AR, Wolfe AM, Swenson RA. Active-duty firefighters can improve functional movement screen (FMS) scores following an 8-week individualized client workout program. Work. 2017;56(2):213-220.
• McGill SM, Andersen JT, Horne AD. Predicting performance and injury resilience from movement quality and fitness scores in a basketball team over 2 years. J Strength Cond Res. 2012;26(7):1731-1739.
• Song H-S, Woo S-S, So W-Y, Kim K-J, Lee J, Kim J-Y. Effects of 16-week functional movement screen training program on strength and flexibility of elite high school baseball players. J Exerc Rehabil. 2014;10(2):124-130.
• Zhang Z, Chen L, Qin Z, et al. Effects of functional correction training on movement patterns and physical fitness in male college students. PeerJ. 2024;12(e):16878.
• Basar MJ, Stanek JM, Dodd DD, Begalle RL. The influence of corrective exercises on functional movement screen and physical fitness performance in Army ROTC cadets. J Sport Rehabil. 2019;28(4):360-367.
• Bodden JG, Needham RA, Chockalingam N. The effect of an intervention program on functional movement screen test scores in mixed martial arts athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2015;29(1):219-225.
• Song J-K, Yoo W-G. Effect of backward versus forward lunge exercises on trunk muscle activities in healthy participants. J Phys Ther Korea. 2021;28(4):273-279.
• Cronin J, McNair PJ, Marshall RN. Lunge performance and its determinants. J Sports Sci. 2003;21(1):49-57.
• Borysiuk Z, Waśkiewicz Z. Information processes, stimulation and perceptual training in fencing. J Hum Kinet. 2008;19(1):63-82.
• Xiao W, Bu T, Zhang J, et al. Effects of functional training on physical and technical performance among the athletic population: a systematic review and narrative synthesis. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025;17(1):2.
• Salonikidis K, Zafeiridis A. The effects of plyometric, tennis-drills, and combined training on reaction, lateral and linear speed, power, and strength in novice tennis players. J Strength Cond Res. 2008;22(1):182-191.
• Khazaei L, Parnow A, Amani-Shalamzari S. Comparing the effects of traditional resistance training and functional training on the bio-motor capacities of female elite taekwondo athletes. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2023;15(1):139.