Negatif Poisson’s Oranına Sahip Yapılar (Auxetic Structure) Hakkında Genel Bir Bakış: Literatür Çalışması

Bu makale için 31 Aralık 2025 tarihinde bir düzeltme yayımlandı. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/klujes/article/1830525

Öz

Poisson’s oranı yapıların önemli mekanik özelliklerinden birisidir. Tasarım ve üretim süreçlerinin gelişmesi ile birlikte farklı özelliklere sahip yapıların kullanımı ihtiyaç haline gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda, farklı özelliklere sahip yapıların oluşmasına olanak verecek Auxetic yapılar detaylı bir şekilde incelenmeye başlanmıştır. Negatif Poisson’s oranı özelliği gösteren bu yapılar, geleneksel yapılardan enerji sönümleme, darbe direnci gibi konularda üstün özelliklere sahiptir. Bunlara ek olarak, gelişen eklemeli imalat teknolojisi ile birlikte daha fazla üstün özellik kazanan Auxetic kafes yapılar birçok araştırmacı tarafından farklı uygulama alanlarına entegre edilerek teorik ve deneysel olarak incelenmiş ve artarak incelenmeye devam etmektedir. Bu kapsamlı inceleme çalışmasında, önceki çalışmalarda yer alan Auxetic yapılar incelenmiş ve yapılan çalışmalar sunulmuştur. Yeni tasarlanmış ve mevcut Auxetic yapıların farklı şartlar altında statik ve dinamik testler ile çalışıldığı çalışmaların incelendiği bu derleme çalışması kapsamında, 17 adet derleme çalışması ve 45 adet araştırma çalışması olmak üzere toplam 62 yayın incelenmiştir. Araştırma çalışmalarının 33 adedi hem teorik hem de deneysel, 8 adedi teorik ve 4 adedi ise deneysel niteliktedir. Ayrıca incelenen çalışmalarda en çok tercih edilen birim geometrisi re-entrant, kullanılan malzemeler ABS, PLA, Onyx gibi plastikler ile alüminyum alaşımlardan, titanyum alaşımları, en çok incelenen mekanik özellik ise enerji sönümleme kabiliyeti olarak görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Poisson’s oranı
• Negatif Poisson’s oranı
• Auxetic
• Auxetic yapı

Kaynakça

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