Kronik Bel Ağrılı Hastalarda Uygulanan Fizik Tedavi Modaliteleri

Öz

Bel ağrısı, birçok kişiyi yaşamlarının bir döneminde sosyal yaşamını, iş hayatını ve yaşam kalitesini olumsuz olarak etkileyen yaygın bir durumdur. Kronik bel ağrısı, 12 hafta veya daha uzun süren ve bel ağrısı vakalarının yaklaşık %20’sini oluşturan kalıcı ağrı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Kronik bel ağrılı hastaların tedavi süreci ilaç tedavisi, cerrahi tedavi, egzersiz, fizyoterapi ve alternatif tedaviler olmak üzere çeşitli müdahaleleri kapsamaktadır. Uygulanan müdahalelerde ağrının hafifletilmesi, kas spazmının azaltılması, hastanın aktiviteye teşvik edilmesi, ağrı ile başa çıkma stratejilerinin oluşturulması ve fonksiyonel durumun iyileştirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Kişinin birçok günlük yaşam aktivitesini ve fiziksel fonksiyonunu olumsuz yönde etkileyen kronik bel ağrısında, fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon sıklıkla tercih edilen bir tedavi seçeneğidir. Transkutanöz elektriksel sinir stimülasyonu (TENS), lazer terapisi, traksiyon, ultrason, egzersiz, masaj, sıcak ve soğuk paketler gibi fizik tedavi modaliteleri kronik ağrının azaltılması ve fonksiyonun iyileştirilmesi için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kronik bel ağrılı hastalarda uygulanan TENS, lazer terapisi, traksiyon, ultrason ve egzersiz modaliteleri hakkında genel bir bakış açısı sunulması ve modalitelerin etkinlikleri ile ilgili yapılan araştırmalar hakkında bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kronik bel ağrısı
• Fizik tedavi modaliteleri
• Fizyoterapi
• TENS

Physiotherapy Modalities Applied in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain

Öz

Low back pain is a common condition that negatively affects many people's social life, work life and quality of life at some point in their lives. Chronic low back pain is defined as persistent pain that lasts for 12 weeks or more and accounts for about 20% of cases of low back pain. The treatment process of patients with chronic low back pain includes various interventions including drug therapy, surgical treatment, exercise, physiotherapy and alternative therapies. The interventions aim to alleviate pain, reduce muscle spasm, encourage the patient to activity, create coping strategies for pain and improve functional status. Physical therapy and rehabilitation is a frequently preferred treatment option for chronic low back pain, which negatively affects many daily life activities and physical functions of the person. Physical therapy modalities such as transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), laser therapy, traction, ultrasound, exercise, massage, hot and cold packs are widely used to reduce chronic pain and improve function. In this study, it was aimed to provide an overview of TENS, laser therapy, traction, ultrasound and exercise modalities applied in patients with chronic low back pain and to provide information about the research on the effectiveness of modalities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chronic low back pain
• Physical therapy modalities
• Physiotherapy
• TENS

Kaynakça

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