Healing Design: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Relationship Between Architecture, Healthcare Environments, and Healing

Öz

Research in healthcare environments shows that design not only supports treatment processes but also enhances individuals’ physical, psychological, and social well-being, emphasizing the significance of the relationship between architecture and health. In this context, this study analyzes academic production in the literature using bibliometric methods to expand and deepen the conceptual framework between architecture and healing design. The literature at the intersection of healthcare facilities, architecture, and healing was systematically examined through the Web of Science database. Two main bibliometric techniques were employed: co-occurrence and co-authorship analyses. The co-occurrence analysis visualizes conceptual clusters in the field based on keywords used by authors, while the co-authorship analysis reveals collaboration networks among countries, institutions, and researchers. As a result of the analyses conducted with the selected keywords, eight documents published between 2010 and 2025 were identified. These publications highlight themes such as biophilic design, salutogenic approach, child-friendly design, empathetic architecture, and sustainability. The findings indicate that healing design in healthcare facilities has evolved through human-centered approaches prioritizing user experience and environmental sustainability. The study contributes to the literature by identifying current trends, making research gaps visible, and providing a guiding framework for future studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Healing Design
• Healthcare Environments
• Architecture
• Bibliometric Analysis
• User-centered Approach

İyileştirici Tasarım: Mimarlık, Sağlık Ortamları ve İyileşme Arasındaki İlişkinin Bibliyometrik Analizi

Öz

Sağlık ortamlarında tasarımın, yalnızca tedavi süreçlerini desteklemekle kalmayıp bireylerin fiziksel, psikolojik ve sosyal iyilik hâlini de güçlendirdiği yönündeki araştırmalar, mimarlık ve sağlık arasındaki ilişkinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu doğrultuda yapılan çalışma, mimarlık ve iyileştirici tasarım arasındaki kavramsal çerçeveyi genişletmek ve derinleştirmek amacıyla alan yazında yer alan akademik üretimi bibliyometrik yöntemlerle analiz etmektedir. Araştırma kapsamında; sağlık yapıları, mimarlık ve iyileşme kavramlarının kesişiminde yer alan literatür, web of science veri tabanı üzerinden sistematik biçimde taranmıştır. Çalışmada iki temel bibliyometrik yöntem kullanılmıştır: Birlikte bulunma (co-occurrence) ve ortak-yazar (co-authorship) analizleri. Birlikte bulunma analizi, yazarların kullandığı anahtar kelimeler üzerinden alandaki kavramsal kümeleri görünür kılarken; ortak-yazar analizleri ülkeler, kurumlar ve araştırmacılar arasındaki işbirliği ağlarını ortaya koymaktadır. Seçilen anahtar kelimeler ile yapılan analizler sonucunda 2010–2025 yılları arasında yayımlanmış 8 belge tespit edilmiştir. Bu belgelerde biyofilik tasarım, salutojenik yaklaşım, çocuk dostu tasarım, empatik mimari ve sürdürülebilirlik gibi temaların öne çıktığı belirlenmiştir. Bulgular, sağlık yapılarında iyileştirici tasarımın, kullanıcı deneyimi ve çevresel sürdürülebilirliği önceleyen insan merkezli yaklaşımlarla gelişim gösterdiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışma literatüre; mevcut eğilimleri belirlemek, araştırma boşluklarını görünür kılmak ve gelecekteki çalışmalar için yol gösterici bir zemin sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İyileştirici Tasarım
• Sağlık Ortamları
• Mimarlık
• Bibliyometrik Analiz
• Kullanıcı Odaklı Yaklaşım

Kaynakça

1. Abdelaal, M. S., & Soebarto, V. (2019). Biophilia and salutogenesis as restorative design approaches in healthcare architecture. Architectural Science Review, 62(3), 195–205. https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2019.1604313
2. Aria, M., & Cuccurullo, C. (2017). Bibliometrix: An R-tool for comprehensive science mapping analysis. Journal of Informetrics, 11(4), 959–975. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2017.08.007
3. Awtuch, A., & Gebczynska-Janowicz, A. (2017). Art and health – The healing potential of artistic interventions in medical environments. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 245(4), 042037. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/245/4/042037
4. Bahrami, B., Kariminejad, S., & Erfani, G. (2025). Child-friendly design in paediatric healthcare environments: Exploring children’s preferences for nature, space, and play. Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 18(1), 55–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/13467581.2025.2524532
5. Banerji, H. (2016). An attempt to explore components of empathic architecture in hospitals: A study of Indian hospitals. International Journal of Architectural Research, 10(2), 44–63. https://doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2016.1150220
6. Börner, K., Chen, C., & Boyack, K. W. (2003). Visualizing knowledge domains. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 37(1), 179–255. https://doi.org/10.1002/aris.1440370106
7. Cavalcante, L. R., Lucena, R. F., & Almeida, A. C. (2021). A bibliometric review of healing environments in healthcare architecture. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 75, 102553. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15173196
8. Cobo, M. J., López-Herrera, A. G., Herrera-Viedma, E., & Herrera, F. (2011). Science mapping software tools: Review, analysis, and cooperative study among tools. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 62(7), 1382–1402. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21525

9. Dilani, A. (2001). Psychosocially supportive design: Scandinavian healthcare design. World Hospitals and Health Services, 37(4), 11–15.
10. Harris, D. D., McBride, G., Ross, C., & Curtis, L. (2002). A place to heal: Environmental sources of satisfaction among hospital patients. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(6), 1276–1299. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb01436.x
11. Lawson, B., & Phiri, M. (2003). The architectural healthcare environment and its effects on patient health outcomes. London: The Stationery Office.
12. Nagasava, Y. (2019). Global hospitals in 2050: A historical review of hospital construction from a global perspective. Japan Architectural Review, 3(2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/2475-8876.12131
13. Ruhanen, L., Weiler, B., Moyle, B. D., & McLennan, C. J. (2015). Trends and patterns in sustainable tourism research: A 25-year bibliometric analysis. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(4), 517–535. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2014.978790
14. Sánchez-Jáuregui, T., Gutiérrez-Pérez, N., Abad Balboa, T., & Chias, P. (2024). The relationship between healthcare architecture and nature: Interaction with the landscape as therapy. Landscape and Urban Planning, 239, 104879. https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.33.2024.19
15. Salehi, F., & Vaez Eslami, S. (2010). Green strategies of healthcare design: Case studies of medical centers (Konferans bildirisi). Sustainable Architecture and Urban Development (s. 431–446). Erişim: https://www.irbnet.de/daten/iconda/CIB_DC22689.pdf
16. Sarı, M., & Genç, G. (2022). Sağlık hizmetlerinde performans kavramının bibliyometrik analizi. Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 14(26), 238–254. https://doi.org/10.38155/ksbd.1059592
17. Ulrich, R. S. (1991). Effects of interior design on wellness: Theory and recent scientific research. Journal of Health Care Interior Design, 3(1), 97–109.
18. Ulrich, R. S., Zimring, C., Zhu, X., DuBose, J., Seo, H. B., Choi, Y. S., Quan, X., & Joseph, A. (2008). A review of the research literature on evidence-based healthcare design. HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 1(3), 61–125. https://doi.org/10.1177/193758670800100306
19. Van Eck, N. J., & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84(2), 523–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0146-3
20. Viryasiri, T., Laovisutthichai, V., Sangnin, K., Dhanakoses, K., Roopkaew, P., & Viryasiri, P. (2023). Hospital design principles implementation: Reflections from practitioners in Thailand. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 23(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.1080/13467581.2023.2215842
21. World Health Organization. (1948). Constitution of the World Health Organization. Geneva: World Health Organization. https://www.who.int/about/governance/constitution
22. Yan, S., Azmi, A., Mansor, N., Wang, Z., & Wang, Y. (2024). Healing spaces as a design approach to optimize emotional regulation for patients with mood disorders. Buildings, 14(2), 472. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14020472
23. Yılmaz, N., Taş, F., & Uğurluoğlu, D. (2019). Yöntemler üzerine bibliyometrik bir analiz: Hacettepe Sağlık İdaresi Dergisi Örneği. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, (35), 83–106.
24. Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629