Araştırma Makalesi
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Microtiming Analysis of Two Dance-Songs from the Pirin-Macedonia Region of Bulgaria

Yıl 2023, , 76 - 86, 30.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/CONS2023-1245746

Öz

The non-isochronous meters of the Balkan Peninsula are traditionally described in ethnomusicological literature through notation indicating a 2:3 beat ratio underlain by a series of isochronous subdivisions. Within the Balkans, this theory of meter can be traced back to early twentieth century Bulgarian musicology and possibly even before, yet has not been revised or amended until relatively recently. However, recent microtiming studies nuance representations of meter that surpass the capacities of traditional Western notation through IOI (interonset interval) analysis. Through an IOI analysis of two dance-songs from villages in the Pirin-Macedonia region of Bulgaria, I show that the presumptive fixed proportions of the 3-beat ‘long-short-short’ meter (7/8, 3+2+2 in musicological terminology) of both songs do not align with and cannot be described by a 2:3 beat ratio. These quantitative findings are then contextualized in the metric perspectives of both conservatory-trained musicians and village musicians in order to assess possible epistemological obfuscation, and theorize potential revisions to theories of Balkan non-isochronous meters.

Kaynakça

  • Angelov, D. (2018, June 9). “Ginka” Horo Dance [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zALN6LcVQII. google scholar
  • Bozhilova, V. (2017, March 2). Малка мома вада копа - женска гр. от Лъжница [Malka moma vada kopa - ženska gr. ot Lužnica] ˘ [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=99Ho_GMs_f0. google scholar
  • Bozhilova, V. (2017, September 30). У Радине госте дойде - мъжка група Десилица [U Radine goste doide – mužka grupa Desilica] ˘ [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gI-NWbL0w5s. google scholar
  • Buchanan, D. (2006). Performing Democracy: Bülgarian Müsic and Müsicians in Transition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. google scholar
  • Bulg Folk. (2012, June 26). ШИРТО - SOUTHWEST BULGARIA [Širto - Southwest Bulgaria] [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JT0ss1tYt5s. google scholar
  • Chasmakov, A., & Dzhambazov M. (1959). Makedonske Horo (Dance). On World Library of Folk and Primitive Müsic - Volüme XVII [Vinyl]. New York City: Columbia Masterworks. google scholar
  • Dzhudzhev, S. (1970). Bülgarska narodna müzika: Uchebnikza bülgarskata dürzhavna konservatoriya [Bülgarian FolkMusic: Textbookfor The Bulgarian State Conservatory]. Vol. 1. Sofia: Durzhavno Izdatelstvo “Muzika” /in Cyrillic/. google scholar
  • Goldberg, D. (2015). Timing Variations in Two Balkan Percussion Performances. Empirical Müsicology Review, 10(4), 305-328. google scholar
  • Goldberg, D. (2019). What’s the Meter of Elenino Horo? Rhythm and Timing in Drumming for a Bulgarian Folk Dance. Analytical Approaches to World Müsic, 7(2), 69-107. google scholar
  • Hristov, D. (1913). Ritmichnite osnovi na narodnata ni muzika [The Rhythmical Bases of Our Folk Music]. In Sbornik za narodni ümotvorenie i narodnopis 27. Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences /in Cyrillic/. google scholar
  • Johansson, M. (2017). Non-Isochronous Musical Meters: Towards a Multidimensional Model. Ethnomüsicology, 61(1), 31-51. google scholar
  • Karapachov, M. (2018, February 14). Ой ле, Кале [Oi le Kale] [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JcJ2HU1TaA. google scholar
  • Kirilov, K. (2015). Bülgarian Harmony in Village, Wedding, and Choral Müsic of the Last Centüry. Farnham, UK: Ashgate. google scholar
  • Kremenliev, B. (1956). Types of Bulgarian Folk Songs. The Slavonic and East Eüropean Review, 34(83), 355-376. google scholar
  • Kvifte, T. (2007). Categories and Timing: On the Perception of Meter. Ethnomüsicology, 51(1), 64-84. google scholar
  • Levy, M. (1985). The Bagpipe in the Rhodope Moüntains of Bülgaria (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles). google scholar
  • London, J. (2012). Hearing in Time: Psychological Aspects of Müsical Meter. Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Moelants, D. (2006). Perception and Performance of Aksak Metres. Müsicae Scientiae, 10(2), 147-172. google scholar
  • Peninta, K., Campouropoulos, A., & Papadelis, G. (2008, October). Quantitative Investigation of Temporal Microdeviations in Greek Asymmetric Meters. Paper presented at the Foürth Conference of the Hellenic Institüte of Acoüstics. Xanthi. Retrieved from http://users.auth.gr/emilios/papers/elina2008.pdf. google scholar
  • Polak, R. (2010). Rhythmic Feel as Meter: Non-Isochronous Beat Subdivision in Jembe Music from Mali. Müsic Theory Online, 16(4). Retrieved from http://www.mtosmt.org/issues/mto.10.16.4/mto.10.16.4.polak.html. google scholar
  • Rice, T. (1980). Aspects of Bulgarian Musical Thought. Yearbook of the International Folk Müsic Coüncil, 12, 43-66. google scholar
  • Rice, T. (1994). May It Fill Yoür Soül: Experiencing Bülgarian Müsic. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. google scholar
  • Rice, T. (2000). Bela Bartok and Bulgarian Rhythm. In Elliott A., Victoria F., & Benjamin S. (Eds.), Bartok Perspectives: Man, Composer, and Ethnomüsicologist (pp. 196-210). Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Silverman, C. (2012). Romani Roütes: Cültüral Politics and Balkan Müsic in Diaspora. Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Singer, A. (1974). The Metrical Structure of Macedonian Dance. Ethnomüsicology, 18(3), 379-404. google scholar
  • Trio Karadzovska - Topic. (2014, March 6). Kostadine Sine [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9xnlV8Njhw. google scholar
Yıl 2023, , 76 - 86, 30.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.26650/CONS2023-1245746

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Angelov, D. (2018, June 9). “Ginka” Horo Dance [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zALN6LcVQII. google scholar
  • Bozhilova, V. (2017, March 2). Малка мома вада копа - женска гр. от Лъжница [Malka moma vada kopa - ženska gr. ot Lužnica] ˘ [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=99Ho_GMs_f0. google scholar
  • Bozhilova, V. (2017, September 30). У Радине госте дойде - мъжка група Десилица [U Radine goste doide – mužka grupa Desilica] ˘ [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gI-NWbL0w5s. google scholar
  • Buchanan, D. (2006). Performing Democracy: Bülgarian Müsic and Müsicians in Transition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. google scholar
  • Bulg Folk. (2012, June 26). ШИРТО - SOUTHWEST BULGARIA [Širto - Southwest Bulgaria] [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JT0ss1tYt5s. google scholar
  • Chasmakov, A., & Dzhambazov M. (1959). Makedonske Horo (Dance). On World Library of Folk and Primitive Müsic - Volüme XVII [Vinyl]. New York City: Columbia Masterworks. google scholar
  • Dzhudzhev, S. (1970). Bülgarska narodna müzika: Uchebnikza bülgarskata dürzhavna konservatoriya [Bülgarian FolkMusic: Textbookfor The Bulgarian State Conservatory]. Vol. 1. Sofia: Durzhavno Izdatelstvo “Muzika” /in Cyrillic/. google scholar
  • Goldberg, D. (2015). Timing Variations in Two Balkan Percussion Performances. Empirical Müsicology Review, 10(4), 305-328. google scholar
  • Goldberg, D. (2019). What’s the Meter of Elenino Horo? Rhythm and Timing in Drumming for a Bulgarian Folk Dance. Analytical Approaches to World Müsic, 7(2), 69-107. google scholar
  • Hristov, D. (1913). Ritmichnite osnovi na narodnata ni muzika [The Rhythmical Bases of Our Folk Music]. In Sbornik za narodni ümotvorenie i narodnopis 27. Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences /in Cyrillic/. google scholar
  • Johansson, M. (2017). Non-Isochronous Musical Meters: Towards a Multidimensional Model. Ethnomüsicology, 61(1), 31-51. google scholar
  • Karapachov, M. (2018, February 14). Ой ле, Кале [Oi le Kale] [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-JcJ2HU1TaA. google scholar
  • Kirilov, K. (2015). Bülgarian Harmony in Village, Wedding, and Choral Müsic of the Last Centüry. Farnham, UK: Ashgate. google scholar
  • Kremenliev, B. (1956). Types of Bulgarian Folk Songs. The Slavonic and East Eüropean Review, 34(83), 355-376. google scholar
  • Kvifte, T. (2007). Categories and Timing: On the Perception of Meter. Ethnomüsicology, 51(1), 64-84. google scholar
  • Levy, M. (1985). The Bagpipe in the Rhodope Moüntains of Bülgaria (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles). google scholar
  • London, J. (2012). Hearing in Time: Psychological Aspects of Müsical Meter. Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Moelants, D. (2006). Perception and Performance of Aksak Metres. Müsicae Scientiae, 10(2), 147-172. google scholar
  • Peninta, K., Campouropoulos, A., & Papadelis, G. (2008, October). Quantitative Investigation of Temporal Microdeviations in Greek Asymmetric Meters. Paper presented at the Foürth Conference of the Hellenic Institüte of Acoüstics. Xanthi. Retrieved from http://users.auth.gr/emilios/papers/elina2008.pdf. google scholar
  • Polak, R. (2010). Rhythmic Feel as Meter: Non-Isochronous Beat Subdivision in Jembe Music from Mali. Müsic Theory Online, 16(4). Retrieved from http://www.mtosmt.org/issues/mto.10.16.4/mto.10.16.4.polak.html. google scholar
  • Rice, T. (1980). Aspects of Bulgarian Musical Thought. Yearbook of the International Folk Müsic Coüncil, 12, 43-66. google scholar
  • Rice, T. (1994). May It Fill Yoür Soül: Experiencing Bülgarian Müsic. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. google scholar
  • Rice, T. (2000). Bela Bartok and Bulgarian Rhythm. In Elliott A., Victoria F., & Benjamin S. (Eds.), Bartok Perspectives: Man, Composer, and Ethnomüsicologist (pp. 196-210). Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Silverman, C. (2012). Romani Roütes: Cültüral Politics and Balkan Müsic in Diaspora. Oxford: Oxford University Press. google scholar
  • Singer, A. (1974). The Metrical Structure of Macedonian Dance. Ethnomüsicology, 18(3), 379-404. google scholar
  • Trio Karadzovska - Topic. (2014, March 6). Kostadine Sine [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b9xnlV8Njhw. google scholar
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Müzik
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nathan Bernacki 0000-0002-3653-0965

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Kasım 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Şubat 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Bernacki, N. (2023). Microtiming Analysis of Two Dance-Songs from the Pirin-Macedonia Region of Bulgaria. Konservatoryum, 10(1), 76-86. https://doi.org/10.26650/CONS2023-1245746