Türkiye’de Ses –Manzarası– Çalışmaları

Öz

Bu çalışma, tarih, müzikoloji, mimarlık, şehir planlama ve psikoloji gibi alanlarda önemli etkileri olan soundscape kavramını ve bu kavram etrafında gelişen bilimsel/sanatsal alanı ulusal ölçekte değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. R. Murray Schafer’a atfedilen soundscape kavramı, ortaya çıktığı 1970’li yıllardan bu yana çeşitli dönüşümler geçirmiş, çeşitli alanlarda farklı karşılıklar bulmuştur. Ancak Türkiye’de söz konusu çalışmaların kurumsal bir yapıdan ya da bilimsel bir öncülükten mahrum kalması, bu geçişlerin yer yer etkileşimlerden uzak ve birbirinden habersiz gerçekleşmesine neden olmuştur. Görsel merkezli modern dünyanın bir eleştirisi olarak okunabilecek ses manzarası, her türlü nesne ve kavramı ses algısı üzerinden anlamlandırmaya odaklanır. Her ne kadar Schafer kavramın babası veya entelektüel kurucusu olarak anılsa da sese yönelik bu farkındalığın köklerini paralel gelişen farklı disiplinlerde aramak daha doğru olacaktır. Bu makale, ses manzarası kavramının çeşitli alanlarda nasıl çalışıldığı, disiplinler arası farklı yaklaşımları, paralellikleri ve geçişleri keşfetmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkçe literatüre dayanan bu çalışma, soundscape kavramının Türkiye’deki entelektüel yolculuğuna kısa bir bakış sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ses çalışmaları
• ses manzarası
• duyusal tasarım

“Sound–scape–“ Studies in Türkiye

Öz

This paper aims to evaluate the concept of soundscape and the scientific and artistic fields that have developed around it on a national scale in Türkiye, which has had significant impacts on areas such as history, musicology, architecture, urban planning, and psychology. Attributed to R. Murray Schafer, the concept of soundscape has undergone various transformations since its emergence in the 1970s and found different meanings in various fields. However, the lack of institutional structure and scientific leadership regarding studies on sound in Türkiye has caused these transitions to occur without interaction and at times without knowledge of one another. Soundscapes, which can be read as a critique of the ocular-centric modern world, focuses on interpreting all kinds of objects and concepts through the perception of sound. Although Schafer is mostly cited as the father of the concept and its intellectual founder, tracing the origins of this awareness in the developments of different disciplines would be more fitting. This article aims to explore the ways in which the concept of soundscape has been studied in various fields, including their different approaches, parallelisms, and transitions. Drawing on the literature available in Turkish, this work provides a brief overview of the intellectual journey of the concept of soundscape in Türkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sound studies
• soundscape
• sensory design

Kaynakça

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