Öz
Bu çalışmada trombon repertuvarının eşliksiz icra edilen solo eserleri arasında yer alan ve trombon icracıları için son derece önemli olduğu düşünülen Leonard Bernstein’ın Elegy for Mippy II adlı eseri incelenmiştir. Solo eserler yazıldıkları enstrümanın karakteristik yapısını somutlaştırması bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Bununla birlikte icracıların enstrümanlarının karakteristik yapısını tanımasına ve çalgıya olan ilgisinin artmasına yarar sağlayabilmektedir. Bu bağlamda çalışma kapsamında incelenen Leonard Bernstein’ın Elegy for Mippy II adlı solo trombon eserinde yer alan teknik ve müzikal zorlukların çözümüne yönelik icracılara çeşitli çalışma önerilerinde bulunulmuştur. Eserin doğru bir biçimde yorumlanabilmesi için icracının teknik ve müzikal bilgi düzeyinin gelişmiş olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı eserde yer alan birtakım teknik ve müzikal zorlukların çözümüne yönelik Türkçe literatüre katkıda bulunmak ve trombon icracılarına Bernstein’ın müzikal yaşamı hakkında genel bir bilgi verilmesiyle eserin icrasına yönelik farklı bir bakış açısı kazandırmaktır. Bu araştırma, Leonard Bernstein ve eseri hakkında literatür taraması yapılan nitel bir araştırmadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Alessi, J. ve Bowman B. (2002). Arban Complete Method for Trombone & Euphonium. Maple City, MI: Encore Music Publishers. google scholar
- Alsop, M. (2013). Leonard Bernstein’s Unconventional ‘Anxiety’. https://www.npr.org/sections/deceptivecadence/2013/09/21/224472076/leonard-bernsteins-unconventional-anxiety, Erişim tarihi: 23.05.2023 google scholar
- Baldwin, K. J. (2013). The twentieth century trombone: expansion of technique. Doctoral dissertation, Manchester Metropolitan University. google scholar
- Bradford, T. (2018). Bernstein’s rise to fame as a conductor. https://blogs.brandeis.edu/musicalmusings/2018/10/14/bernsteins-rise-to-fame-as-a-conductor/, Erişim tarihi: 25.04.2023 google scholar
- Brickens, N. O. (1989). Jazz elements in five selected trombone solos by twentieth century french composers. Doctor of Musical Arts. Austin: The University of Texas. google scholar
- Brito, F. (2014). Vernacular and African-American Musical Traditions In Bernstein’s Elegy For Mippy II. https://www.felipebritomusic.com/publications/s9om9qwfxptghpe3e3ar7bb1ugfup4, Erişim tarihi: 23.05.2023 google scholar
- Burton, H. (2017). Leonard Bernstein. London: Faber and Faber Publishing. google scholar
- Duke, C. A. (2001). A Performer’s Guide to Theatrical Elements in Selected Trombone Literature. Doctor of Musical Arts. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College. google scholar
- Ferguson, J. (2000). All Blues Scale for Jazz Guitar: Solos, Grooves and Patterns. Guitar Master Class Publications google scholar
- Figueroa, J. (2017). West Side Story, Sixty Years Later: How Bernstein Made Classical “Cool”. https://www.kmfa.org/pages/2011-west-side-story-sixty-years-later-how-bernstein-made-classicalcool: :text=Throughout%20the%20score%20Bernstein%20used,Jazz%20and%20Latin%20American%20music, Erişim tarihi: 2 google scholar
- Henahan, D. (1990). Leonard Bernstein, 72, Music’s Monarch Dies. The New York Times. google scholar
- Ivany, S. C. (2017). The Avant-Garde Trombone: The History and Development with an Examination of Luciano Berio’s Sequenza V and Jacob TV’s I Was like WOW and an Analysis of John Kenny’s Sonata for Tenor Trombone. Doctor of Music. Florida State University College of Music. google scholar
- Kirk, E. (2020). The Development of an American Sound: From the Perspective of Twentieth Century Masters, Aaron Copland & Leonard Bernstein. Musicologist, 4(1), 101-137. google scholar
- Laird, P. (2015). Leonard Bernstein: A Guide to Research. New York: Routledge. google scholar
- Lamare, A. (2022). Leonard Bernstein: Exploring the Important Composer Before Bradley Cooper’s Movie. https://movieweb.com/leonard-bernstein-bradley-coopers-movie-maestro/, Erişim tarihi: 26.04.2023 google scholar
- Nero, J. (2017). Developing and implementing the double and triple tongue techniques through study of J.J. johnson and curtis fuller: A guide for jazz trombonists. Doctor of Musical Arts. Florida: University of Miami. google scholar
- Oja, C. J. ve Tick, J. (2005). Aaron Copland and His World. Princeton: Princeton University Press. google scholar
- Ozkeles, S. (2019). Muzik Bicimleri Dersi Kapsamında Cozumlemeye Yonelik Bilgi ve Becerilerin Gelistirilmesinde Izlenecek Yontemler. 4th International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Architecture, Planning and Design. Samsun, Turkiye, 9-15. google scholar
- Pollack, H. (2015). Aaron Copland: The Life and Work of an Uncommon Man. New York: Henry Holt & Company. google scholar
- Remington, E. ve Hunsberger, D. (1980) The Remington Warm-Up Studies for Trombone. Accura Music Inc. google scholar
- Rosati, W. T. (2021). Notes On A Recıtal Of Standard Undergraduate Trombone Solos. Doctor of Musical Arts. The University of Alabama. google scholar
- Predota, G. (2022). On this day 25 August: Leonard Bernstein was born. https://interlude.hk/on-this-day-25-august-leonard-bernstein-was-born/, Erişim tarihi: 11.04.2023 google scholar
- Rubin, G. S. (2018). Music Was IT. United States: Charlesbridge. google scholar
- Willingham, A. (2018). Leonard Bernstein: The Harvard and Curtis years. https://blogs.wdav.org/2018/09/leonard-bernstein-the-harvard-and-curtis-years/, Erişim tarihi: 25.04.2023 google scholar
Öz
This study examines Leonard Bernstein’s solo trombone piece Elegy for Mippy II, which is considered to be extremely important for trombone players. Solo works are very important in terms of embodying the characteristic structure of the instrument for which they are written. In addition, solo works can help performers recognize this characteristic structure and increase their interest in the instrument. In this context, various study suggestions are made to performers for resolving technical and musical difficulties in the work. In order to interpret the piece correctly, the performer must have advanced technical and musical knowledge levels. This study aims to contribute to the Turkish literature on resolving certain technical and musical difficulties in the studied work and to provide trombone players a different perspective on how to perform of the piece by sharing general information about Bernstein’s musical life. This research is a qualitative study that examines the literature on Leonard Bernstein and his solo trombone piece Elegy for Mippy II.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Alessi, J. ve Bowman B. (2002). Arban Complete Method for Trombone & Euphonium. Maple City, MI: Encore Music Publishers. google scholar
- Alsop, M. (2013). Leonard Bernstein’s Unconventional ‘Anxiety’. https://www.npr.org/sections/deceptivecadence/2013/09/21/224472076/leonard-bernsteins-unconventional-anxiety, Erişim tarihi: 23.05.2023 google scholar
- Baldwin, K. J. (2013). The twentieth century trombone: expansion of technique. Doctoral dissertation, Manchester Metropolitan University. google scholar
- Bradford, T. (2018). Bernstein’s rise to fame as a conductor. https://blogs.brandeis.edu/musicalmusings/2018/10/14/bernsteins-rise-to-fame-as-a-conductor/, Erişim tarihi: 25.04.2023 google scholar
- Brickens, N. O. (1989). Jazz elements in five selected trombone solos by twentieth century french composers. Doctor of Musical Arts. Austin: The University of Texas. google scholar
- Brito, F. (2014). Vernacular and African-American Musical Traditions In Bernstein’s Elegy For Mippy II. https://www.felipebritomusic.com/publications/s9om9qwfxptghpe3e3ar7bb1ugfup4, Erişim tarihi: 23.05.2023 google scholar
- Burton, H. (2017). Leonard Bernstein. London: Faber and Faber Publishing. google scholar
- Duke, C. A. (2001). A Performer’s Guide to Theatrical Elements in Selected Trombone Literature. Doctor of Musical Arts. Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College. google scholar
- Ferguson, J. (2000). All Blues Scale for Jazz Guitar: Solos, Grooves and Patterns. Guitar Master Class Publications google scholar
- Figueroa, J. (2017). West Side Story, Sixty Years Later: How Bernstein Made Classical “Cool”. https://www.kmfa.org/pages/2011-west-side-story-sixty-years-later-how-bernstein-made-classicalcool: :text=Throughout%20the%20score%20Bernstein%20used,Jazz%20and%20Latin%20American%20music, Erişim tarihi: 2 google scholar
- Henahan, D. (1990). Leonard Bernstein, 72, Music’s Monarch Dies. The New York Times. google scholar
- Ivany, S. C. (2017). The Avant-Garde Trombone: The History and Development with an Examination of Luciano Berio’s Sequenza V and Jacob TV’s I Was like WOW and an Analysis of John Kenny’s Sonata for Tenor Trombone. Doctor of Music. Florida State University College of Music. google scholar
- Kirk, E. (2020). The Development of an American Sound: From the Perspective of Twentieth Century Masters, Aaron Copland & Leonard Bernstein. Musicologist, 4(1), 101-137. google scholar
- Laird, P. (2015). Leonard Bernstein: A Guide to Research. New York: Routledge. google scholar
- Lamare, A. (2022). Leonard Bernstein: Exploring the Important Composer Before Bradley Cooper’s Movie. https://movieweb.com/leonard-bernstein-bradley-coopers-movie-maestro/, Erişim tarihi: 26.04.2023 google scholar
- Nero, J. (2017). Developing and implementing the double and triple tongue techniques through study of J.J. johnson and curtis fuller: A guide for jazz trombonists. Doctor of Musical Arts. Florida: University of Miami. google scholar
- Oja, C. J. ve Tick, J. (2005). Aaron Copland and His World. Princeton: Princeton University Press. google scholar
- Ozkeles, S. (2019). Muzik Bicimleri Dersi Kapsamında Cozumlemeye Yonelik Bilgi ve Becerilerin Gelistirilmesinde Izlenecek Yontemler. 4th International Symposium on Innovative Approaches in Architecture, Planning and Design. Samsun, Turkiye, 9-15. google scholar
- Pollack, H. (2015). Aaron Copland: The Life and Work of an Uncommon Man. New York: Henry Holt & Company. google scholar
- Remington, E. ve Hunsberger, D. (1980) The Remington Warm-Up Studies for Trombone. Accura Music Inc. google scholar
- Rosati, W. T. (2021). Notes On A Recıtal Of Standard Undergraduate Trombone Solos. Doctor of Musical Arts. The University of Alabama. google scholar
- Predota, G. (2022). On this day 25 August: Leonard Bernstein was born. https://interlude.hk/on-this-day-25-august-leonard-bernstein-was-born/, Erişim tarihi: 11.04.2023 google scholar
- Rubin, G. S. (2018). Music Was IT. United States: Charlesbridge. google scholar
- Willingham, A. (2018). Leonard Bernstein: The Harvard and Curtis years. https://blogs.wdav.org/2018/09/leonard-bernstein-the-harvard-and-curtis-years/, Erişim tarihi: 25.04.2023 google scholar
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Müzik (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 11 Aralık 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 3 Eylül 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 2 |
