Türkiye’de Tarımsal ve Hayvansal Atıklardan Biyokömür Üretim Potansiyelinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 4, 379 - 387, 05.11.2016

Sarp Korkut Sümer Yasemin Kavdır Gıyasettin Çiçek

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’de tarımsal ve hayvansal atıkların biyokömüre dönüşüm potansiyeli teorik olarak belirlenmiş ve biyokömür üretim olanakları değerlendirilmiştir. biyokömür potansiyelinin belirlenmesinde, kullanılabilir atık potansiyeli bulunan üretim faaliyetlerine ait TÜİK istatistikleri ile çeşitli kurum ve araştırıcılar tarafından belirlenmiş katsayılar dikkate alınmıştır. Türkiye’de 2015 yılında üretilen tarımsal ve hayvansal üretim atıklarının biyokömür dönüşüm potansiyelinin 3 942 654 ton olduğu saptanmıştır. Toplam biyokömür potansiyelinin % 77’sini hayvansal atıklar, % 22.5’ini bahçe ve bağ budama atıkları, % 0.6’sını ise tarla tarımı atıkları oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada, biyokömürün kullanım amaçları, dönüşüm yöntemleri, uygulama oranları, yararları üzerine literatür bilgisi sunulmuştur.  Atık potansiyelinin ülkemiz koşullarında biyokömüre dönüştürülme olanakları değerlendirilmiş ve mevcut durum ile geleceğe yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Biyokömür, tarımsal ve hayvansal atık;  biyokütle, atık geri kazanımı

 

Determining The Potential of Biochar Production from Agricultural and Livestock Wastes in Turkey

 

ABSTRACT: In this study, the potential of converting agricultural and animal wastes to biochar were theoretically determined and biochar production possibilities were evaluated in Turkey. TUIK statistical data and coefficients determined by various institutions and investigators were taken into account to determine biochar potential of production activities with potentially available wastes. Biochar conversion potential of agricultural and animal production wastes in 2015 was estimated about 3 942 654 tones in Turkey. The total biochar potential constituted of 77%, 22.5% and 0.6% for animal wastes, garden and vineyard pruning wastes, and agricultural land disposal wastes, respectively. In this study, biochar use purposes, conversion methods, application rates and benefits are presented based on the literatures. The possibilities of waste conversion potential to biochar were evaluated in our country and recommendations were made for the future based on the current situation.

Key words: Biochar, Agricultural and Livestock Wastes; Biomass; waste recycling

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