Bir Koyun Ağılında Amonyak ve Karbondioksit Konsantrasyonları

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 3, 218 - 226, 10.03.2017

İlker Kılıç Apti Onuk Ercan Şimşek Erkan Yaslıoğlu

https://doi.org/10.18016/ksudobil.266019

Cited By: 1

Öz

ÖZET

Hayvan barınaklarında iç ortam hava kalitesi
hayvanların verimliliğini doğrudan etkiler. Hayvan barınaklarında
kirleticilerin ölçümleri hayvan ve çalışan sağlığı üzerine olan olumsuz
etkileri ortaya koymuştur.  Bu amaçla
yapılan birçok çalışmada, süt sığırı ahırları ile kanatlı kümeslerindeki
amonyak, karbondioksit, metan ve hidrojen sülfit gibi kirleticiler üzerine
yoğunlaşmıştır. Bilimsel literatürde, bazı ülkelerin en önemli hayvancılık
sektörlerden birisi olan koyunculuk işletmelerine daha az yer verilmiştir. Bu
çalışma, Bursa bölgesinde faaliyet gösteren doğal havalandırmalı koyun ağılında
amonyak ve karbondioksit konsantrasyonlarına ilişkin ölçüm sonuçlarını
göstermektedir. Ayrıca, sıcaklık ve bağıl nem gibi iç ortam çevre koşulları da
kirletici gaz konsantrasyonları ile birlikte eş zamanlı olarak ölçülmüştür.
Çalışma periyodu süresince koyun ağılında elde edilen verilerin
değerlendirilmesi için varyans ve regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Çalışma sonunda
ortalama NH₃ konsantrasyonu çıkış açıklığında 15 ppm ve giriş
açıklığında 0.77 ppm ölçülürken, CO₂ konsantrasyonu çıkış
açıklığında 1022 ppm ve giriş açıklığında 457 ppm olarak ölçülmüştür. Yapılan
istatistiksel analiz sonucunda çıkış açıklığında ölçülen NH₃ ve CO₂
konsantrasyonları ölçüm günleri arasında önemli derecede farklıdır (P<
0.001). En düşük CO₂ konsantrasyonu 277 ppm iken en düşük NH₃
konsantrasyonu 8 ppm olarak gerçekleşmiştir. En yüksek konsantrasyon değerleri
NH₃ için 38 ppm ve CO₂ için 1700 ppm olarak ölçülmüştür.
Ayrıca minimum, maksimum ve ortalama bağıl nem değerleri sırasıyla %43.42,
%89.6 ve %71.23 iken iç ortam sıcaklığı sırasıyla 16.06°C, 26.53°C ve 20.69°C
olarak ölçülmüştür. Regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre, çıkış açıklığı NH₃
konsantrasyonu, hava hızı ile istatistiksel olarak önemli ilişki içerisindedir.
Standardize edilmiş regresyon katsayısı iç ortam sıcaklığı ve bağıl neminin CO₂
konsantrasyonları üzerinde önemli bir etkisinin olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Koyun Barınakları, İç Ortam Sıcaklığı, Kirletici Gaz Konsantrasyonları, Amonyak

Ammonia and Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in a Sheep Barn

Öz

ABSTRACT

Indoor air quality in animal barns directly affect
to animal productivity. Measuring the pollutants in animal barns proves the
negative effects of gases on health of animals and workers. Most studies in
this context focused on some pollutant gases such as ammonia, carbon dioxide,
methane and hydrogen sulfide in dairy barn and poultry houses. Less attention in
studies in scientific literature was paid to sheep barns which may have more
important portion than other animals for the animal production sector of some
countries. This paper revealed the concentrations of ammonia (NH₃) and
carbon dioxide (CO₂) in naturally ventilated sheep barn in Bursa
region, western Turkey. Also indoor environmental conditions such as
temperature and relative humidity were measured simultaneously with pollutant
gas concentrations. Regression and variance analyzes were applied to assess
data collected in sheep barn whole over the study period. The average NH₃
concentration during the study was 15 ppm for exhaust and 0.77 ppm for ambient,
CO₂ concentration was 1022 ppm for exhaust and 457 ppm for ambient. There
was significant difference among measurement days for exhaust NH₃
and CO₂ concentrations (P< 0.001). The lowest NH₃ concentration
was 8 ppm while lowest CO₂ concentration was 277 ppm, and the
highest concentrations were 38 ppm for NH₃ and 1700 ppm for CO₂.
Also minimum, maximum, average values for indoor temperature were 16.06°C,
26.53°C, 20.69°C, respectively, while  minimum 43.42%, maximum 89.6%, average 71.23%
values for relative humidity were obtained. According to regression analyze
results, the exhaust NH₃ concentration related statistically
significant with air velocity. The standardized coefficients suggest that
indoor temperature and relative humidity sustained the greater effects on CO₂
concentrations (P< 0.001).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sheep Barns, Indoor Temperature, Pollutant gas concentration, Ammonia, Carbon Dioxide

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