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Sambucus nigra İçeren Gıda Takviyesi Ürünlerin Antibakteriyel Aktivitesinin Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 27 - 36, 25.08.2025

Öz

Amaç: Sambucus nigra (kara mürver), çeşitli rahatsızlıklar için geleneksel tıpta uzun bir kullanım geçmişine sahiptir ve bu nedenle farklı biyolojik aktiviteleri nedeniyle ilgi çekici bir bitki haline getirir. Literatürde Sambucus nigra farklı kısımlarından elde edilen özütlerin antimikrobiyal özellikler gösterdiğini bildirilse de ticari ürünlerdeki etkinliği hakkında bilgi eksikliği vardır. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma Sambucus nigra içeren ticari gıda takviyesi preparatlarının antibakteriyel aktivitelerini değerlendirmiştir.
Yöntem: Sambucus nigra içeren ticari gıda takviyesi preparatları (11 adet) eczanelerden ve marketlerden temin edildi. Antibakteriyel aktiviteleri ise öncelikle agar kuyu difüzyon yöntemi, ardından mikrodilüsyon yöntemi kullanılarak 7 klinik ve 12 standart bakteri kültürüne karşı değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Değerlendirme sonucunda 11 üründen sadece 1 tanesinin Acinetobacter baumanni, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis ve Staphylococcus aureus karşı etkili olduğu belirlendi. Mikrodilüsyon yöntemiyle ise etkili çıkan SN7’nin MİK değerlerinin 200 ve 250 μL/mL ve bakterisidal etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edildi. Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda in vitro antimikrobiyal aktiviteye sahip olduğu bilinen Sambucus nigra içeren ticari gıda takviyesi preparatları antibakteriyel aktivitesinin değiştiği hatta test edilen 10 üründe ise aktivite tespit edilememiştir.
Sonuç ve Öneriler: Ticari ürünlerde, hangi ekstraksiyon yönteminin, çözücünün veya bitki parçasının kullanıldığı genellikle belirsizdir. Sonuç olarak, Sambucus nigra içeren ticari gıda takviyesi ürünlerinde gözlemlenen sınırlı antibakteriyel aktivite, ürünün formülasyonuna, ek bileşenlerin varlığına veya aktif bileşiklerin konsantrasyonundaki değişikliklere bağlı olabilir. Bu çalışma, Sambucus nigra içeren ticari gıda takviyesi ürünlerinin antibakteriyel potansiyelini değerlendiren ilk çalışmalardan biridir. Doğrudan tüketilen bitkisel ürünlerin etkinliğinin bilimsel olarak değerlendirilmesinin önemini vurgular.

Proje Numarası

1919B012312433

Kaynakça

  • REFERENCES
  • 1. Krawitz, C., Mraheil, M.A., Stein, M., et. Al. (2011). Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 11(1), 16. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-11-16
  • 2. Liu, D., He, X.Q., Wu, D.T., et. al. (2022). Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): Bioactive compounds, health functions, and applications. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 70(14), 4202–4220. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00010
  • 3. Przybylska-Balcerek, A., Szablewski, T., Szwajkowska-Michałek, L., et. al. (2021). Sambucus nigra extracts–natural antioxidants and antimicrobial compounds. Molecules, 26(10), 2910. doi:10.3390/molecules26102910
  • 4. Sidor, A., Gramza-Michałowska, A. (2015). Advanced research on the antioxidant and health benefit of elderberry (Sambucus nigra) in food–a review. Journal of functional foods, 18, 941-958. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2014.07.012
  • 5. Waswa, E.N., Li, J., Mkala, E.M., et. al. (2022). Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of the genus Sambucus L.(Viburnaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 292, 115102. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115102
  • 6. Álvarez, C. A., Barriga, A., Albericio, et. al. (2018). Identification of peptides in flowers of Sambucus nigra with antimicrobial activity against aquaculture pathogens. Molecules, 23(5), 1033. doi:10.3390/molecules23051033
  • 7. Młynarczyk, K., Walkowiak-Tomczak, D., Łysiak, G.P. (2018). Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry. Journal of Functional Foods, 40, 377-390. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2017.11.025
  • 8. Hearst, C., McCollum, G., Nelson, D., et. al. (2010). Antibacterial activity of elder (Sambucus nigra L.) flower or berry against hospital pathogens. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(17), 1805–1809. doi:10.5897/JMPR10.147
  • 9. Goud, N.S., Prasad, G. (2020). Antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and total phenol and flavonoids analysis of Sambucus nigra (elderberry). International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 12(1), 35–37. doi:10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i1.36829
  • 10. Ferreira-Santos, P., Badim, H., Salvador, Â.C., et. al. (2021). Chemical characterization of Sambucus nigra L. flowers aqueous extract and its biological implications. Biomolecules, 11(8), 1222. doi:10.3390/biom11081222
  • 11. Özcan Ateş, G., Bican Süerdem, T. (2024). Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani (Aschers. & Sint. ex Boiss) extracts. Sinop Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 184–193. doi:10.33484/sinopfbd.1404628
  • 12. Özcan Ateş, G., Kanbur, S. (2023). Evaluation of in-vitro anticandidal activity of 99 different commercial plant extract, fixed and essential oils against vaginal Candida albicans isolates. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 26(5), 1034–1047. doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1211862
  • 13. Mahboubi, M., Kazempour, N., Mahboubi, A. (2012). Total phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Sambucus nigra L. Journal of Biological Active Products from Nature, 2(5), 275–283. doi:10.1080/22311866.2012.10719135
  • 14. Haș, I.M., Teleky, B.E., Szabo, K., et. al. (2023). Bioactive potential of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): Antioxidant, antimicrobial activity, bioaccessibility and prebiotic potential. Molecules, 28(7), 3099. doi:10.3390/molecules28073099
  • 15. Milkova-Tomova, I., Kazakova, Z., Buhalova, et. al. (2023). Antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity of water extracts from Sambucus nigra L. under different conditions. Folia Medica (Plovdiv), 65(2), 295–300. doi:10.3897/folmed.65.e79094

Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Food Supplement Products Containing Sambucus nigra

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 27 - 36, 25.08.2025

Öz

Purpose: Sambucus nigra (black elderberry) has been utilized in traditional medicine for centuries for various ailments, making it a plant of interest due to the distinct biological activities. Although it is reported in the literature that extracts sourced from various parts of Sambucus nigra exhibit antimicrobial properties, there is a lack of information about their effectiveness in commercial products. Thus, this study assessed the antibacterial activities of commercial food supplement preparations containing Sambucus nigra.
Method: Commercial food supplement preparations (11) containing Sambucus nigra were sourced from pharmacies and markets. Their antibacterial activities were assessed against 7 clinical and 12 standard bacterial cultures, initially employing the agar well diffusion method and subsequently utilizing the microdilution method.
Results: The findings revealed that only one of the 11 tested products demonstrated activity against Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella quasipneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus. Using the microdilution method, it was established that the effective product, SN7, had MIC values of 200 and 250 μL/mL and exhibited a bactericidal effect. According to the results obtained, no activity was detected in the 10 products tested, even in the commercial food supplement preparations containing Sambucus nigra, which is known to have in vitro antimicrobial activity.
Conclusions and Suggestions: In commercial products, it is often unclear which extraction method, solvent, or plant part is utilized. Consequently, the limited antibacterial activity observed in commercial preparations of Sambucus nigra may be linked to the product's formulation, the presence of additional ingredients, or variations in the concentration of the active compounds. This study is one of the first to evaluate the antibacterial potential of commercial Sambucus nigra products. It underscores the importance of scientifically assessing the effectiveness of herbal products that are consumed directly.

Etik Beyan

The authors declare that ethics committee approval is not required for this study.

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was supported by TÜBİTAK 2209-A - University Students Research Projects Support Program with grant number 1919B012312433

Proje Numarası

1919B012312433

Teşekkür

-

Kaynakça

  • REFERENCES
  • 1. Krawitz, C., Mraheil, M.A., Stein, M., et. Al. (2011). Inhibitory activity of a standardized elderberry liquid extract against clinically-relevant human respiratory bacterial pathogens and influenza A and B viruses. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 11(1), 16. doi:10.1186/1472-6882-11-16
  • 2. Liu, D., He, X.Q., Wu, D.T., et. al. (2022). Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): Bioactive compounds, health functions, and applications. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 70(14), 4202–4220. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00010
  • 3. Przybylska-Balcerek, A., Szablewski, T., Szwajkowska-Michałek, L., et. al. (2021). Sambucus nigra extracts–natural antioxidants and antimicrobial compounds. Molecules, 26(10), 2910. doi:10.3390/molecules26102910
  • 4. Sidor, A., Gramza-Michałowska, A. (2015). Advanced research on the antioxidant and health benefit of elderberry (Sambucus nigra) in food–a review. Journal of functional foods, 18, 941-958. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2014.07.012
  • 5. Waswa, E.N., Li, J., Mkala, E.M., et. al. (2022). Ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of the genus Sambucus L.(Viburnaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 292, 115102. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115102
  • 6. Álvarez, C. A., Barriga, A., Albericio, et. al. (2018). Identification of peptides in flowers of Sambucus nigra with antimicrobial activity against aquaculture pathogens. Molecules, 23(5), 1033. doi:10.3390/molecules23051033
  • 7. Młynarczyk, K., Walkowiak-Tomczak, D., Łysiak, G.P. (2018). Bioactive properties of Sambucus nigra L. as a functional ingredient for food and pharmaceutical industry. Journal of Functional Foods, 40, 377-390. doi:10.1016/j.jff.2017.11.025
  • 8. Hearst, C., McCollum, G., Nelson, D., et. al. (2010). Antibacterial activity of elder (Sambucus nigra L.) flower or berry against hospital pathogens. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(17), 1805–1809. doi:10.5897/JMPR10.147
  • 9. Goud, N.S., Prasad, G. (2020). Antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and total phenol and flavonoids analysis of Sambucus nigra (elderberry). International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research, 12(1), 35–37. doi:10.22159/ijcpr.2020v12i1.36829
  • 10. Ferreira-Santos, P., Badim, H., Salvador, Â.C., et. al. (2021). Chemical characterization of Sambucus nigra L. flowers aqueous extract and its biological implications. Biomolecules, 11(8), 1222. doi:10.3390/biom11081222
  • 11. Özcan Ateş, G., Bican Süerdem, T. (2024). Antibacterial and antifungal activity of Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani (Aschers. & Sint. ex Boiss) extracts. Sinop Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 9(1), 184–193. doi:10.33484/sinopfbd.1404628
  • 12. Özcan Ateş, G., Kanbur, S. (2023). Evaluation of in-vitro anticandidal activity of 99 different commercial plant extract, fixed and essential oils against vaginal Candida albicans isolates. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 26(5), 1034–1047. doi:10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.1211862
  • 13. Mahboubi, M., Kazempour, N., Mahboubi, A. (2012). Total phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Sambucus nigra L. Journal of Biological Active Products from Nature, 2(5), 275–283. doi:10.1080/22311866.2012.10719135
  • 14. Haș, I.M., Teleky, B.E., Szabo, K., et. al. (2023). Bioactive potential of elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.): Antioxidant, antimicrobial activity, bioaccessibility and prebiotic potential. Molecules, 28(7), 3099. doi:10.3390/molecules28073099
  • 15. Milkova-Tomova, I., Kazakova, Z., Buhalova, et. al. (2023). Antioxidant properties and antibacterial activity of water extracts from Sambucus nigra L. under different conditions. Folia Medica (Plovdiv), 65(2), 295–300. doi:10.3897/folmed.65.e79094
Toplam 16 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Halk Sağlığı (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Gülçin Özcan Ateş 0000-0002-8467-2378

Semih Topal 0009-0009-6326-9000

Proje Numarası 1919B012312433
Yayımlanma Tarihi 25 Ağustos 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Nisan 2025
Kabul Tarihi 30 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özcan Ateş, G., & Topal, S. (2025). Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Food Supplement Products Containing Sambucus nigra. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(2), 27-36.