Osteoporozda Sınıflandırma Etiyoloji ve Risk Faktörleri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 3, 114 - 118, 03.05.2019

Asist. Dr. Merve Yıldız Yardımcı

Öz

Osteoporoz özellikle yaşlı popülasyonu etkileyen, kemik kütlesinin azaldığı ve kemik
yapısının bozulduğu ve buna bağlı olarak kırık gelişme riskinin arttığı metabolik bir
kemik hastalığıdır. Çoğunlukla asemptomatiktir ve kırık gelişimine kadar tanı almaz. Osteoporoz
sınıflandırması primer ve sekonder olarak yapılmaktadır. En sık sebepleri primer
sebepler olan postmenopozal ve senil osteoporozdur. Sekonder osteoporozun en sık
sebebi ise glukokortikoid osteoporozudur. Etiyolojide ileri yaş, kadın cinsiyet, düşük vücut
ağırlığı, yetersiz fiziksel aktivite, yetersiz D vitamini alımı, aşırı alkol ve tütün kullanımı
gibi pek çok faktör yer. Etiyolojide yer alan sebeplerin çoğu osteoporoz için aynı
zamanda risk faktörlerini oluşturmaktadır. Erken tanı, fraktür gelişimini öngörmek ve
uygun tedavi başlamak özellikle yaşlı nüfusta hastalığın mortalite ve morbiditesini azaltmak
açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Osteoporoz, Etiyoloji, Sınıflandıma, Risk faktörleri, Osteoporotik fraktür

Kaynakça

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