Effects of Walnut Septum on The Enzyme Pathways Associated with Plasma Cholesterol Level

Abstract

Objective: Cholesterol is crucial compound that plays pivotal role in cellular function in living organisms. Its excess or deficiency in plasma can lead to destruction and disintegration of cell membrane structure. Maintaining balanced intake of cholesterol in diet and seeking medical treatment, if necessary, can help prevent these negative effects. Furthermore, people often resort to natural and herbal remedies, such as walnut septum. Due to dearth of scientific data regarding effects of walnut septum on cholesterol metabolism, this research was undertaken to explore its potential effects. Method: Analysis was begun by extracting septum using various solvents. Resulting extracts were then analyzed using GC-MS, and compounds were identified by using an integrated library database. To detect effects of extracts on cholesterol esterase and HMG-CoA reductase, a colorimetric method was employed. Result: Monophenol, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol, ethyl linoleate, and butyl linoleate were some of compounds detected by GC-MS scanning. The highest inhibitions were observed in the enzymatic analysis, with a rate of 3.2% (acetone) in the HMG-CoA reductase analysis and 13.6% (water) in the cholesterol esterase analysis. Conclusion: Although the walnut septum extract contains various chemical compounds, our in vitro analysis data suggest that there is no inhibitory effect at therapeutic level on enzyme pathways that regulate plasma cholesterol levels, namely HMG-CoA reductase and cholesterol esterase. We believe that further research is necessary to comprehensively evaluate its effects on other pathways.

Keywords

• Walnut septum
• HMG-CoA reductase
• Cholesterol esterase
• GC-MS

Ceviz Septumunun Plazma Kolesterol Düzeyi ile İlişkili Enzim Yolakları Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Amaç: Kolesterol, canlı organizmaların hücresel fonksiyonunda rol oynayan önemli bir bileşiktir. Kan plazmasındaki fazlalığı veya eksikliği, hücre zar yapısının tahribine ve parçalanmasına neden olabilmektedir. Diyette, dengeli kolesterol alımını sürdürmek ve gerekirse tıbbi tedavi almak, bu olumsuz etkilerin önlenmesine yardımcı olabilmektedir. Ayrıca, halk arasında ceviz septumu gibi doğal ve bitkisel tedavilere başvurulmaktadır. Ceviz septumunun kolesterol metabolizması üzerindeki etkilerine ilişkin bilimsel verilerin yetersizliği nedeniyle, bu araştırma potansiyel etkilerini araştırmak için yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Analiz, çeşitli çözücüler kullanılarak septumun ekstrakte edilmesiyle başlatıldı. Elde edilen ekstraktlar daha sonra GC-MS’te analiz edildi ve bileşikler, entegre kütüphane veri tabanı kullanılarak tanımlandı. Ekstraktların kolesterol esteraz ve HMG-CoA redüktaz üzerindeki etkilerini saptamak için kolorimetrik yöntem kullanıldı. Bulgular: GC-MS taraması ile tespit edilen belirgin bileşikler arasında monofenol, 2,4-Di-tert-bütilfenol, 2,6-Di-tert-bütilfenol, etil linoleat ve bütil linoleate bulunmaktadır. HMG-CoA redüktaz analizinde en yüksek inhibisyon %3,2 oranıyla aseton ekstraktında gözlenirken kolesterol esteraz analizinde %13,6 oranıyla sulu ekstrakta gözlendi. Sonuç: Ceviz septum ekstraktı, çeşitli kimyasal bileşikler içermesine rağmen, plazma kolesterol seviyelerini düzenleyen enzim yolaklarından HMG-CoA redüktaz ve kolesterol esteraz üzerinde, in vitro olarak, terapötik seviyede inhibitör etkisinin olmadığını göstermektedir. Diğer yollar üzerindeki etkilerini kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirmek için daha fazla araştırmanın gerekli olduğuna inanmaktayız.

Keywords

• Ceviz septum
• HMG-CoA redüktaz
• Kolesterol esteraz
• GC-MS

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