Covıd-19 Servis Ve Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Tükenmişlik Düzeyleri Ve İlişkili Faktörler : Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Bu çalışmada Covid-19 servis ve yoğun bakımlarında çalışan hemşirelerin tükenmişlik düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri ile ilişkili faktörler incelenmiştir. Kesitsel tipte olan Çalışmanın evreni Türkiye’nin İzmir ilindeki 5 kamu hastanesindeki Covid-19 servis ve yoğun bakımlarda çalışan 1200 hemşireden oluşmaktadır. Örneklem seçimi olasılıksız örnekleme yöntemlerinden gelişigüzel örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmış ve evrenin tümüne ulaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Veriler 15 Nisan - 15 Temmuz 2021 tarihleri arası 554 hemşireden yüz yüze görüşme ve kağıt kalemle tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada Birey Tanıtım Formu ve Maslach Burnout ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularında bekar olanların, çocuk sahibi olmayanların ve sözleşmeli çalışanların kişisel başarı ortalaması diğerlerine göre yüksek bulunmuş; Damgalanma değişkeninde emotional exhaustion, [EE] ve depersonalizasyon [DP] tükenmişliğe maruz kaldığı saptanmıştır. Meslekte 1-5 yıl arası çalışanların ve Covid-19 salgında yoğun bakımda çalışanların kişisel başarısı diğerlerine yüksektir. Covid-19 salgınında çalışma ortamı ve genel sağlık durumu değişkeninde hemşirelerin emotional exhaustion, [EE] ve depersonalizasyon [DP] tükenmişliğe maruz kaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre Covid-19 salgınında hemşireler damgalanmaya maruz kaldığı için toplumsal değeri yükseltilmeli, olumsuz çalışma ortamı tükenmişliği yükselttiği için çalışma ortamı uygun hale getirilmeli ve genel sağlık durumları olumsuz etkilendiği için ruh sağlığı müdahale programları uygulanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• SARS-CoV-2
• Hemşirelik
• Tükenmişlik

The Burnout Levels of Nurses Working in Covid-19 Ward and Intensive Care Units and Associated Factors: A Cross-sectional Study

Öz

The purpose of the study was to determine the burnout levels of nurses working in Covid-19 wards and intensive care units and investigate factors related to burnout levels. The population of this cross-sectional study consisted of 1200 nurses working in Covid-19 wards and intensive care units in 5 public hospitals in Izmir, Turkey. Random Sampling Method, one of the non-probability sampling methods, was used in the study to reach the entire study population. The data were collected from 554 nurses between April 15 and July 15, 2021, by face-to-face interviews and the technique of pencil and paper. Individual Introduction Form and Maslach Burnout Scale were used in the study. The average of personal success of singles, those with no children, and contracted workers was higher than the others. In the stigmatization variable, it was found that the participants were exposed to emotional exhaustion [EE] and depersonalization [DP]. The personal success of those who worked in the profession for 1-5 years and those who worked in intensive care units during the Covid-19 pandemic was higher than others. Nurses were exposed to emotional exhaustion, [EE] and depersonalization [DP] burnout in the variable of working environment and general health status in the Covid-19 outbreak. The social value of nurses must be increased because they are exposed to stigmatization in the Covid-19 pandemic, the working environment should be made suitable because the negative working environment increases burnout, and psychological healthcare intervention programs must be implemented because their general health status is affected negatively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• COVID-19
• SARS-CoV-2
• Nursing
• Burnout

Kaynakça

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