Hayvan - İnsan İlişkisine Yeni Bir Bakış Veteriner Sosyal Hizmet: Geleneksel Derleme

Yıl 2024, , 284 - 290, 25.09.2024

Seda Topgül , Emre Kol , Okan Beytaş

https://doi.org/10.35365/ctjpp.24.3.11

Öz

Bu çalışma insan ve hayvan etkileşimine yeni bir bakış açısı getiren sosyal hizmet mesleği ve veterinerlik mesleğinin kesiştiği yeni bir alan olan veteriner sosyal hizmeti üzerine ülkemizde yapılan ilk çalışmadır. Söz konusu çalışmayı ortaya çıkaran motivasyon hayvanların birer meta olarak görülmekten çıkarılıp birer “can” olarak hassas gruplar üzerindeki etkilerini, yapılan çalışmalar ışığında yansıtmaktır. Çalışmanın amacı, veteriner sosyal hizmetinin kavramsal çerçevesi ve sosyal hizmet ile ilişkisini ele almaktadır. Ayrıca sosyal hizmet alanında hayvan kullanımının etik sorunlarına genel bir çerçeve sunmaktadır. Çalışmanın yöntemi, mevcut bilgileri sentezlemeyi ve analiz etmeyi amaçlayan geleneksel derleme çalışmasıdır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre; sosyal hizmet, çevresi içinde birey yaklaşımı ile birey-doğa ya da birey-hayvan ilişkisinden ziyade çevreyi insan, insan grupları ve sistemler bağlamında ele almıştır. Oysaki çevreyi yok eden insan merkezcilik veya insan çıkarlarının diğer tüm hayvanlar üzerinde otomatik olarak ayrıcalıklı hale getirilmesi, sadece hayvanlar değil, insanlar arasındaki sosyal eşitsizliği de yeniden üretmektedir. Değişim sosyal hizmetin değişmez bir özelliğidir, bu nedenle geleceğin sosyal hizmeti insan odaklı olmak zorunda değildir. Sonuç olarak; bu geleneksel derleme çalışmasında veteriner sosyal hizmet alanının sosyal hizmetin ana akım tartışmaları içerisinde giderek kendisine daha fazla yer bulması hedeflenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Veteriner Sosyal Hizmet, Hayvan-İnsan İlişkisi, Hayvan Destekli Etkileşimler

A New Look at Animal-Human Relationship Veterinary Social Work: Traditional Review

Öz

This study is the first study in our country that is conducted on the emerging field of veterinary social work, which is the intersection of social work and veterinary professions and presents a new perspective on human and animal interactions. The motivation of this study was to reflect the effects of animals, as “living beings”, on sensitive groups in the light of conducted studies while trying to shift the perception of animals being considered as metas. This study discusses the conceptual framework of veterinary social work and its relationship with social work. This study also presents a general framework regarding the ethical issues of animal use in the field of social work. For this purpose, the study was carried out with the traditional review method. With the approach of individuals and their environment, social work has considered the environment in the context of people, human groups and systems, rather than the individual-nature or individual-animal relationships. However, anthropocentrism or the automatic privilege of human interests over all other animals, that is destroying the environment, reproduces social inequality not only between species but also between people. Change is a constant component of social work; therefore, the social work of the future does not have to be anthropocentric. Accordingly, animal assisted interventions are expected to be covered to a further extent in the mainstream discussions of social work. In conclusion, this study aims to draw attention to the conjunction of veterinary and social work.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Veterinary Social Work, Animal-Human Relationship, Animal Assisted Interactions

Kaynakça

• Ascione, F. R. (1993). Children who are cruel to animals: a review of research and ımplications for developmental psychopathology, Anthrozoös, 6(4), 226–247.
• Ascione, F. R. (2001). Animal abuse and youth violence, Juvenile Justice Bulletin, erişim adresi: https://www.ojp.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/188677.pdf, erişim tarihi: 25.09.2023.
• Arkow, P. (2020). Human–animal relationships and social work: opportunities beyond the veterinary environment, Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 37, 573–588.
• Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW) (2010). Social work code of ethics, Canberra.
• Beddoe, L. (2013). Violence and the media. In A. Taylor ve M. Connolly (Eds.), Understanding violence: Context and practice in the human services. Canterbury: Canterbury University Press.
• Birinci, E. (2020). Alzheimer hastalığına sosyal hizmet yaklaşımı. E. Birinci (Ed.), Alzheimer hastalığına multidisipliner yaklaşım kitabı içinde (s. 91-115). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
• British Association of Social Workers (BASW) (2012). Code of ethics statement of principles.
• Brown, L. ve Strega, S. (2005). Research as resistance: critical, ındigenous and anti-oppressive approaches. Toronto: Canadian Scholars.
• Corleto, D. (2018). Prison rehabilitation: The sociological, physiological, and psychological effects of animal-assisted interventions. Themis: Research Journal of Justice Studies and Forensic Science, 6(8), 112-131.
• Dale, M. ve Yeung, P. (2021). Animal abuse and family violence: reflections from workshopping with veterinary students, Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 33(1), 99–107.
• Davis, A. ve Wainwright, S. (2005). Combating poverty and social exclusion: ımplications for social work education, Social Work Education The International Journal, 24 (3), 259-273.
• Dominelli, L. (2009). Introducing social work, short ıntroductions. Cambridge: Policy Press.
• Dunayer, J. (2001). Animal equality: language and liberatio. Derwood Ryce Publishing.
• Evans, N. ve Gray, C. (2012). The practice and ethics of animal-assisted therapy with children and young people: is it enough that we don’t eat our co-workers?, British Journal of Social Work, 42(4), 600–617.
• Hensley, C., Browne, J. A., ve Trentham, C. E. (2018). Exploring the social and emotional context of childhood animal cruelty and its potential link to adult human violence. Psychology, Crime & Law, 24(5), 489–499.
• Jalongo, M.R. (2015). An attachment perspective on the child–dog bond: ınterdisciplinary and ınternational research findings. Early Childhood Educational Journal, 43, 395–405.
• Jordan, B. (2008). Social work and world poverty, International Social Work, 51 (4), 440-452.
• Katcher, A. H. ve Wilkins, G. G. (2000). The centaur’s lessons: Therapeutic education through care of animals and nature study. In A. H. Fine (Eds.), Handbook on animal- assisted therapy.
• New York: Academic Press. Louise Petersen, M. ve Farrington, D. P. (2007). Cruelty to animals and violence to people. Victims & Offenders, 2(1), 21–43.
• McKissock, H. B. (2018). Equine assisted learning as a model of applied ecopsychology: Phenomenological study of the benefits of connecting with horses for people with post traumatic stress disorder. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Akamai University, Durham, North Carolina, United States.
• Odendaal, J. S. J. (2000). Animal-assisted therapy - magic or medicine?. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 49(4), 275–280.
• Özkul, T. (2022). Hayvan Destekli Terapi. https://fikirturu.com/insan/hayvan-destekli-terapi/
• Palley, L. S., O’Rourke, P. P. ve Niemi, S. M. (2010). Mainstreaming animal-assisted therapy. ILAR Journal, 51(3), 199–207.
• Ryan, T. (2011). Animals and social work: A moral introduction. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.
• Taylor, N., Fraser, H., Signal, T. ve Prentice, K. (2016). Social work, animal-assisted therapies and ethical considerations: A programme example from central Queensland, Australia. British Journal of Social Work, 46, 135–152.
• Taylor, N. ve Signal, T. (2008). Throwing the baby out with the bathwater: towards a sociology of the human–animal abuse “link”?. Sociological Research Online, 13(1).
• Topgül, S. (2012). Kadın ve doğa ilişkisi: ekofeminizm. Sosyoloji Dergisi, 27, 71-83.
• Topgül, S. (2022). A systematic examination of animal assisted interventions for disadvantaged groups, Cyprus Turkish Journal of Psychiatry & Psychology, 4(4), 387-392.
• Turner, W.G. (2003). Bereavement counseling: Using a social work model for pet loss, Journal of Family Social Work, 7(1), 69-81.
• Twikirize, J., Asingwire, N., Omona, J., Lubango, R. ve Kafuko, A. (2013). The role of social work in poverty reduction and the realisation of millennium development goals in Uganda. Kampala: Fountain Publishers.
• Uglow, L. S. (2019). The benefits of an animal-assisted intervention service to patients and staff at a children's hospital, British Journal of Nursing, 28 (8), 509-516.
• Zalaf, A. ve Egan, V. (2015). A new questionnaire examining general attitudes toward animals in Cyprus and the United Kingdom, Journal of Veterinary Behavior, 10 (2), 111-117.