Nanotechnology Modulation of Gut Microbiota for Cancer Treatment

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 90 - 104, 31.12.2024

Tuba Dolgun , Semanur Tekpak , Murat Ihlamur

Öz

Microbiota refers to the totality of microorganisms living in a person's body or in a specific environment. The gastrointestinal microbiota is considered a fundamental component of the human body. Intestinal microbiota can increase the effectiveness of anticancer treatments and play a role in the prevention of cancer. Changes in the intestinal microbiota or microbiome play important roles in diseases, especially cancer. Traditional microbiome treatments are also effective in cancer treatments in some cases. However, problems such as the side effects of these treatments on the symbiotic microbiome and the reliability of these treatments necessitate the development of new technological developments that intersect with the cancer microbiota. Nanostructures have begun to be used in cancer treatments today. The success of nanomaterials in the prevention of cancer occurs because nanomaterials can change the cancer-causing microbiota and their metabolites and the cancer microenvironment. Therefore, nanomaterials can be used as new strategies to eliminate cancer. However, this new field of research requires further in vivo clinical trials to determine the exact mechanisms involved in the process of cancer eradication via nanomaterials. The link between nanomaterials, microbiota, microbial metabolites, cancer and cancer-associated microenvironments should be investigated in animals and humans. This review will focus on the roles of microbiota and nanomaterials in cancer treatment, the role of microbiota and metabolic interventions via nanomaterials.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nanotechnology, Microbiota, Cancer, Nanomedicine

Kanser Tedavisi İçin Bağırsak Mikrobiyotasının Nanoteknoloji Modülasyonu

Öz

Mikrobiyota, bir insanın vücudunda veya belirli bir ortamda yaşayan mikroorganizmaların toplamını ifade etmektedir. Gastrointestinal sistem mikrobiyotası, insan vücudunun temel bir bileşeni olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bağırsak mikrobiyotası, antikanser tedavilerinin etkinliğini artırabilmekte ve kanserin önlenmesinde rol oynamaktadır. Bağırsak mikrobiyotasındaki veya mikrobiyomdaki değişiklikler, hastalıklarında, özellikle kanserde önemli roller oynamaktadır. Geleneksel mikrobiyom tedavileri bazı durumlarda kanser tedavilerinde de etkili olmaktadır. Ancak, bu tedavilerin simbiyotik mikrobiyoma yan etkileri ve bu tedavilerin güvenilirliği gibi sorunlar, özellikle kanser mikrobiyotası ile kesişen yeni teknolojik gelişmelerin geliştirilmesini zorunlu kılmaktadır. Nanoyapılar günümüzde kanser tedavilerinde kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Nanomalzemelerin kanserin önlenmesindeki başarısı, nanomalzemelerin kansere neden olan mikrobiyotayı ve bunların metabolitlerini ve kanser mikroçevresini değiştirebildiği için gerçekleşmektedir. Bundan dolayı nanomalzemeler kanseri yok etmek için yeni stratejiler olarak kullanılabilmektedir. Ancak, bu yeni araştırma alanı, nanomalzemeler aracılığıyla kanseri yok etme sürecindeki tam mekanizmaları belirlemek için daha fazla in vivo klinik deney gerektirmektedir. Nanomalzemelerin, mikrobiyotanın, mikrobiyal metabolitlerin, kanser ve kanserle ilişkili mikroçevrelerin bağlantısını hayvanlarda ve insanlarda araştırmalıdır. Bu derlemede, mikrobiyota ve nanomalzemelerin kanser tedavisindeki rollerine, mikrobiyotanın ve metabolik müdahalelerin nanomalzemeler aracılığıyla rolüne odaklanılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nanoteknoloji, Mikrobiyota, Kanser, Nanotıp

Kaynakça

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