The EU Policy Agenda on the Financing of Public Service Broadcasting: Amsterdam Protocol and Its Implications

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 17 (1) Sayı: 33, 9 - 38, 01.06.2014

Burcu Sümer

Öz

Since the breakdown of the monopoly of public service broadcasting in the 1980s, there is an ongoing battle between the public service and private/commercial broadcasters in Europe. Private broadcasters have been accusing public broadcasters funded by the state sources with the claim that they cause unfair competition and they have started bringing their complaints in front of the European Commission from the 1990s onwards. As a response to the increasing complaints, the European Union drafted an additional protocol to be annexed to the Amsterdam Treaty signed in 1997 and confirmed that member states are free to support their public service broadcasters by various financial means they see as appropriate. The European Commission further released two communications one being in 2001 and the latter in 2009 on how to implement this so-called “Amsterdam Protocol” in accordance with the state aid rules of the Union. This research looks into the scope of the Amsterdam Protocol and its relevant communications and discusses their impact on the public service broadcasting in Europe

Anahtar Kelimeler

Public service broadcasting, Amsterdam Protocol, European competition law, public financing, regulation

Avrupa Birliği’nde Kamu Hizmeti Yayıncılığının Finansmanına İlişkin Politika Gündemi: Amsterdam Protokolü ve Etkileri

Öz

Avrupa’da kamu tekellerinin kırıldığı 1980’lerden bu yana özel yayıncılar ile kamu hizmeti yayıncıları arasında bir mücadele yaşanmaktadır. Kamu kaynaklarıyla finanse edilen kamu hizmeti yayıncılarını haksız rekabet yaratmakla suçlayan özel yayıncılar, 1990’lardan itibaren şikâyetlerini Avrupa Birliği’nin gündemine taşımışlardır. Avrupa Birliği, bu şikâyetlere cevaben 1997 yılında Amsterdam Antlaşması’nın görüşmeleri kapsamında ek bir protokol imzalayarak kamu hizmeti yayıncılığını destekleme kararını üye ülkelere bırakmıştır. Amsterdam Protokolü olarak bilinen bu protokolün nasıl uygulanacağıyla ilgili olarak 2001 ve 2009 yıllarında iki tebliğ yayınlayan Avrupa Komisyonu, kamu hizmeti yayıncılarının faaliyetlerinin kapsamına ve bu faaliyetlerin finansmanına yönelik olarak tüm üye ülkeler açısından bağlayıcı bir mevzuat oluşturmuştur. Çalışmada bu mevzuat, Avrupa rekabet hukukuyla ilişkisi bağlamında değerlendirilecek ve mevzuatın öngördüğü uygulamaların kamu hizmeti yayıncılığı üzerindeki etkisi tartışılmıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kamu hizmeti yayıncılığı, Amsterdam Protokolü, Avrupa rekabet hukuku, kamu finansmanı, düzenleme

Kaynakça

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