البُعدُ الصَّوْتِيُّ لِلقِراءاتِ القُرْآنِيَّة في إِطارِ عِلْمِ الأصواتِ الحَديث

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1 , 96 - 110 , 31.03.2026

Esma Younıs

https://izlik.org/JA67GY43BG

Öz

الملخّص
تتناولُ هذه الدِّراسةُ الخَصائصَ الصَّوْتِيَّة لِتِلاوَةِ القُرآنِ الكَريم (القِراءات)، من خلال مَنظورِ عِلمِ الأصواتِ الحَديث، مع تركيزٍ خاصٍّ على التَّحليلَين النُّطْقِيّ والتَّردُّديّ (السمعي). ويستكشِفُ البحثُ كيف تُطابِقُ قواعدُ التَّجويد، التي تُنظِّمُ ضَبطَ مخارجِ الحروف وصفاتِها في التّلاوة، الظَّواهرَ الصَّوتِيَّة التي يدرُسُها عِلمُ اللُّغوياتِ المعاصِر. وتشملُ مَحاوِرُ الدِّراسة: نُطقَ الحروفِ، وطُولَ الحَرَكات وجودتَها، وأنماطَ الإدغامِ والغُنّة، بالإضافة إلى الظَّواهرِ العُروضية مثل النَّبْر، والإيقاع، والوقف.

وَبِتطبيقِ أدواتِ علمِ الأصوات على دِراسةِ القِراءات، تُظهِرُ الدِّراسةُ أنَّ قواعدَ التَّجويد ليست مُجرّدَ ممارساتٍ تعبُّديّة، بل تُمثِّلُ أيضاً نُظُماً صوتِيّةً دقيقة. فَضَبطُ مَخارجِ الحروفِ يحفظُ تمييزَ الأصوات ودقّتَها الدلاليّة، وطولُ الحركاتِ يحفظُ المعنى من خلال التفريق بين الكلمات، أمّا الظَّواهرُ العُروضية فتُسهِم في الوضوحِ والموسيقيّةِ في التلاوة. كما يكشِفُ التحليلُ السَّمعي الدقيق كيف يَحمي النُّطقُ الصحيح نَصَّ القُرآنِ من التَّحريفِ الصَّوتي، مُحافِظاً عليه دقّةً وجمالاً.

وتُبرِزُ النَّتائجُ العَلاقةَ الوَثيقة بين عِلمِ الأصواتِ وقواعدِ التَّجويد، مُبيِّنةً أنَّ التِّلاوةَ الصَّحيحة تُؤَدّي دوراً مُزدوجاً: فهي حِراسةٌ لغويّة، وممارسةٌ رُوحيّة، وفَنٌّ صوتيٌّ في آنٍ واحد. ممّا يَؤكِّدُ أهمّيّةَ النُّطقِ الدقيق في الحفاظِ على مَعاني القُرآن، وبلاغتِه، وتُراثِه الشَّفهيّ. وبالإضافة إلى الجَمع بين التَّجويدِ وعِلمِ الأصواتِ الحديث، تُسهِمُ هذه الدِّراسةُ في البحوثِ البَينِيّة من خلال إظهارِ كيف يمكن للعلومِ اللُّغويّة أنْ تُضيءَ العُلومَ الإسلاميّة التقليديّة وتَدعمَ المناهجَ التَّربويّة في دراساتِ القُرآن.

Anahtar Kelimeler

القراءات القرآنية , التجويد , العروض , البعد الصوتي

The Phonetic Dimension of he The Qur’ānic Readings in the Framework of Modern Phonetics

https://izlik.org/JA67GY43BG

Öz

Bu çalışma, Kuran okumalarının (Kıraatlerin) fonetik özelliklerini modern fonetik bilimi perspektifinden, özellikle artikülatuar ve akustik analizlere odaklanarak incelemektedir. Araştırma, Kuran okumasında seslerin doğru telaffuzunu yöneten tecvid kurallarının, çağdaş dilbilimlerde incelenen fonetik olgularla nasıl örtüştüğünü araştırmaktadır. İncelenen temel alanlar arasında ünsüzlerin artikülasyonu, ünlülerin uzatılması ve kalitesi, asimilasyon ve nazalizasyon kalıpları ile intonasyon, ritim ve duraklama gibi prosodik özellikler bulunmaktadır.
Fonetik araçların kıraatlerin incelenmesinde uygulanmasıyla, tecvid kurallarının yalnızca ibadet pratiğine dayanmadığı, aynı zamanda sistematik fonetik prensipleri de içerdiği gösterilmiştir. Ünsüz artikülasyonu, seslerin belirgin ve anlam açısından doğru kalmasını sağlar; ünlü uzatılması, farklı kelime öğelerini ayırt ederek anlamın korunmasına katkıda bulunur; prosodik özellikler ise hem netlik hem de okumanın müzikalitesine katkı sağlar. Akustik analiz, doğru ses üretiminin Kuran metnini fonolojik bozulmalardan koruduğunu, böylece hem doğruluk hem de estetik güzellik ile aktarımını garanti ettiğini ortaya koymaktadır.
Bulgular, fonetik ile tecvid arasındaki karmaşık ilişkiyi vurgulayarak, doğru okumanın hem dilbilimsel bir koruyucu, hem manevi bir uygulama hem de bir sanat formu olarak işlev gördüğünü göstermektedir. Bu durum, Kuran’ın anlamının, belagatinin ve sözlü mirasının korunmasında doğru telaffuzun önemini ortaya koymaktadır. Tecvid ile modern fonetiğin köprülenmesinin ötesinde, çalışma disiplinlerarası akademik katkılar sağlayarak, dilbilim biliminin geleneksel İslami bilgiyi aydınlatabileceğini ve Kuran çalışmalarında pedagojik yaklaşımları destekleyebileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuran Tilaveti , — Kıraatler , Tecvit , Artikülatuar Fonetik

Modern Fonetik Çerçevesinde Kur’ân Okumalarının Fonetik Boyutu

https://izlik.org/JA67GY43BG

Öz

This study examines the phonetic characteristics of Qur’ānic recitation (Qirāʾāt) through the perspective of modern phonetic science, with a particular focus on articulatory and acoustic analyses. The research explores how the rules of tajwīd, which govern the precise articulation of sounds in Qur’ānic recitation, correspond to phonetic phenomena studied in contemporary linguistics. Key areas of investigation include the articulation of consonants, the lengthening and quality of vowels, assimilation and nasalization patterns, as well as prosodic features such as intonation, rhythm, and pause.
By applying phonetic tools to the study of Qirāʾāt, the research demonstrates that tajwīd rules are not only rooted in devotional practice but also embody systematic phonetic principles. Consonantal articulation ensures that sounds remain distinct and semantically accurate, vowel lengthening preserves meaning by distinguishing between different lexical items, and prosodic features contribute to both clarity and the musicality of recitation. Acoustic analysis further reveals how precise sound production safeguards the Qur’ānic text from phonological distortion, ensuring its transmission with both accuracy and aesthetic beauty.
The findings highlight the intricate relationship between phonetics and tajwīd, showing that correct recitation functions simultaneously as a linguistic safeguard, a spiritual practice, and an art form. This underscores the importance of accurate pronunciation in preserving the Qur’ān’s meaning, eloquence, and oral heritage. Beyond bridging tajwīd and modern phonetics, the study contributes to interdisciplinary scholarship by demonstrating how linguistic science can illuminate traditional Islamic knowledge and support pedagogical approaches in Qur’ānic studies

Anahtar Kelimeler

Qur’ānic Recitation , Qirāʾāt - Tajwīd , Articulatory Phonetics , Prosody -Rhythm

Kaynakça

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