European Union (EU)’s Refugee and Asylum Policy in Syrian War

Yıl 2022, , 107 - 134, 23.03.2022

Gülşen Şeker Aydın

https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1009264

Öz

This study focuses on the refugee and asylum policy of the EU in response to the refugee flow that the Syrian War caused. Unlike most studies, the issue is viewed from the historical perspective of European integration. The study aims to show that the EU compromised its respect for human rights in its response to the refugee flow. To this end, first, a discussion on the key concepts is provided. Second, the evolution of the EU’s policy is explored. Third, the refugee flow, Brussels’ initial reaction, and the failed responsibility-sharing are discussed. Fourth, the externalization of the problem through cooperation with Turkey is examined. Fourth, the New Pact on Migration and Asylum is analyzed. The study concludes that before the refugee flow, the EU had already leaned towards securitization, externalization, and unfair responsibility-sharing, and its recourse to securitization and externalization during the crisis in the context of failure of responsibility sharing resulted in human rights violations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

the European Union, Syrian War, refugee, asylum seeker

Suriye Savaşı’nda Avrupa Birliği (AB)’nin Mülteci ve Sığınmacı Siyaseti

Öz

Çalışma, Suriye Savaşı’nın neden olduğu mülteci akınına karşı AB’nin izlediği mülteci ve sığınmacı siyasetini konu almaktadır. Literatürdeki yaygın yaklaşımdan farklı olarak, akına karşı AB’nin izlediği politikalar Avrupa bütünleşmesinin tarihsel perspektifi içine yerleştirilerek ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, bu siyasette AB’nin insan haklarına saygıdan ödün verdiğini göstermektir. Bu amaçla, ilkin, çalışmada kullanılan temel kavramlar üzerinde durulmakta, ikinci olarak Avrupa bütünleşme sürecinde mülteci ve sığınmacı siyasetinin tarihsel evrimine değinilmektedir. Üçüncü olarak, mülteci akını, AB’nin bu akın karşısında yaptıkları ve sorumluluk paylaşımının başarısızlığı incelenmektedir. Dördüncü olarak, AB’nin sorunu dışsallaştırması ve Türkiye ile yaptığı işbirliği ele alınmaktadır. Beşinci olarak, Göç ve İltica Üzerine Yeni Pakt tartışılmaktadır. Mülteci akınından önce AB mülteci ve sığınmacı siyasetinde güvenlikleştirme ve dışsallaştırmanın ağırlığının arttığı ve adaletsiz sorumluluk paylaşımına neden olacak düzenlemelerin yapıldığı, akın sırasında da adil sorumluluk paylaşımı sağlanamadığı, AB’nin güvenlikleştirme ve dışsallaştırmaya başvurması sonucunda insan hakları ihlallerinin yaşandığı sonucuna varılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği, Suriye Savaşı, mülteci, sığınmacı

Kaynakça

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