Kuzeydoğu Anadolu Çoruh Nehri Havzası’ndaki Kırmızı Benekli Alabalık (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) Populasyonunun Yoğunluk, Biyokütle ve Boy-Ağırlık İlişkisi

Öz

Bu çalışma, tek avlı ayrılmaya dayalı metot uygulanarak avlanan kırmızı benekli alabalığın (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) yoğunluk, biyokütle ve boy-ağırlık ilişkisini belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Toplam 2,1760 ha alan, Kuzey Doğu Anadolu Çoruh Nehri Havzası’nın Tortumkale Çayı’nda; Mayıs 2012-Haziran 2013 tarihleri arasında elektroşokla 167 adet balık avlanmıştır. Ortalama yoğunluk ve biyomas değerleri sırasıyla 106-167 adet/ha ve 4,76-10,64 kg/ha arasında değişmiştir. Boy-ağırlık ilişkisinin b değerleri 3.0672-3.3158 arasında değişmiş ve pozitif allometrik büyüme gözlemlenmiştir. İstasyonlar arasındaki boy-ağırlık ilişkisi istatistikî olarak önemlidir (r²>0,9917, p<0,05). Elde edilen sonuçlar doğrultusunda kırmızı benekli alabalık türünün, yok olma riski altında olduğunu tespit edilmiştir. Tortumkale Çayı’nda sınırlı habitatlarda yaşayan kırmızı benekli alabalığın yoğunluğu; özellikle populasyona yeni birey katılımının azalması ve üreme döneminde yetişkin bireyler üzerine aşırı av baskısı nedeniyle azalmıştır. Aynı zamanda, gökkuşağı alabalığı akuakültür aktivitelerinin biyotik ve abiyotik etkileri, rekreasyonel balıkçılık, baraj yapılar ve sulama kanalları bariyerleri ile evsel, endüstriyel ve tarımsal atıklardan kaynaklanan pollusyon kırmızı benekli alabalığın habitatlarını tahribine katkı sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kırmızı benekli alabalık
• büyüme
• yoğunluk
• biyomas
• Türkiye

Density, Biomass and Length-Weight Relationship of Brown Trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) Population in the Çoruh River Basin, North-Eastern Anatolia, Turkey

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine density, biomass and length-weight relationship for brown trout (Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758) caught from removal method based on single-pass electro fishing. A total area of 2.176 ha was sampled and 167 fishes were caught using electro fishing between May 2012 and June 2013 in Tortumkale Stream of Çoruh River, Turkey. Mean density and biomass of brown trout were found to vary between 106-167 fish ha^-1 and 4.76-10.64 kg ha^-1, respectively. The length-weight relationship exponent b values ranged from 3.0672 to 3.3158 and indicated positive allometric growth. Length-weight relationship in between stations were statistically significant (r²>0.9917, p<0.05). Our results revealed that the density of the brown trout population in Tortumkale Stream is at a level indicating a risk of extinction of this species. Density of brown trout occuring in restricted habitats was reduced in Tortumkale Stream; especially it causes reduction of their population overfishing on adult individuals in reproduction season and lower of recruitment to the population. Also, biotic and abiotic effects of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), aquacultures activities, recreational fisheries, barriers of dam construction and irrigation canals, pollution from domestic, industrial and agricultural waste contribute to the destruction of the habitat of brown trout.

Keywords

• Brown trout
• density
• biomass
• growth
• Turkey

Kaynakça

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