Eski Aseksüel Ostrakod Darwinula stevensoni’nin (Ostracoda, Crustacea) Türkiye’deki Ekolojisi, Fosil ve Güncel Dağılımı

Öz

Darwinula stevensoni’nin dağılımını, habitat ve ekolojik tercihlerini belirlemek için 2000 ve 2017 yılları arasında Türkiye’den toplanan 102 örnekten elde edilen veriler değerlendirilmiştir. Toplam 1786 D. stevensoni bireyi Türkiye’nin yedi coğrafi bölgesinin altısında bulunan 14 ildeki sekiz farklı sucul habitattan rapor edildi. İç Anadolu bölgesin de bol miktarda örnek olmasına rağmen, türün güncel formuna rastlanılmadı. Güncel formdan farklı olarak, türün fosil formu ile Güneydoğu Anadolu dışındaki tüm coğrafi bölgelerde karşılaşılmıştır. Türkiye’deki en eski fosil kayıt Miosen döneminden (yaklaşık 23 milyon sene önce) rapor edilmiştir. Türkiye’deki tüm mevsimlerde tür bulunmuştur. D. stevensoni farklı ekolojik değişkenlere yüksek optimum ve tolerans seviyeleri göstermektedir. Tür pH ile pozitif (P<0,05) fakat yükseklik ile negatif (P<0,01) anlamlı korelasyon göstermektedir. Görülmektedir ki türün ekolojik tercihleri daha önce bilinenden daha geniştir. Sonuçlar, D. stevensoni’nin güncel ve geçmiş çevre koşullarını tahmin etmek için kullanılması halin de ekolojisine ve dağılımına dikkat edilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekolojik tercih ve karakterizasyon
• mevsimsellik
• stevensoni

Fossil and Recent Distribution and Ecology of Ancient Asexual Ostracod Darwinula stevensoni (Ostracoda, Crustacea) in Turkey

Öz

In order to determine distribution, habitat and ecological preferences of Darwinula stevensoni, data gathered from 102 samples collected in Turkey between 2000 and 2017 was evaluated. A total of 1786 individuals of D. stevensoni were reported from eight different aquatic habitats in 14 provinces in six of seven geographical regions of Turkey. Although there are plenty of samples from Central Anatolia Region, recent form of the species was not encountered. Unlike recent, fossil forms of species were encountered in all geographic regions except Southeastern Anatolia. The oldest fossil record in Turkey was reported from the Miocene period (ca 23 mya). Species occurred in all climatic seasons in Turkey. D. stevensoni showed high optimum and tolerance levels to different ecological variables. Results showed a positive and negative significant correlations of the species with pH (P<0.05) and elevation (P<0.01), respectively. It seems that the ecological preferences of the species are much wider than previously known. Our results suggest that if D. stevensoni is used to estimate past and present environmental conditions, attention and care should be paid on its ecology and distribution.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ecologic preference and characterization
• seasonality
• stevensoni

Kaynakça

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