Histopathological Effects of Different Concentrations of Copper Sulfate (CuSO4. 5H2O) on Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Öz

In this study, histopathological effects in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) of different concentrations of copper sulphate (CuSO4.5H2O) on gill, liver and muscle tissue was investigated. The experiment as 0.5 mg/L (24h), 3 mg/L (18 h), 500 mg/L (1-2 min) of copper sulphate concentrations groups and the control group were conducted. In the bioassay, 40 fish with an average weight of 150 g were used. 5 fish from each experimental group were used for histopathological findings. The tissues were fixed 10% formalin solution for 24 h. Tissue samples were embedded with paraffin using histological protocols standard. Sections were cut at 5 μm thickness, mounted onto glass slides, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Stained sections were examined by light microscopy. As a result sinusoidal cavities, congestion in vena, vacuolar and parenchymal degeneration, vascular damage and degeneration in hepatocytes were observed in the liver. Degeneration, necrosis (myophagia), inflammatory cellular infiltration were observed in muscle tissues. Degeneration in gill lamellas, pilar and epithelial cells, lymphoid and mononuclear cell infiltration in interlamellar areas, necrosis in epithelial cells. In this study, it was determined that 3 mg/L copper sulphate concentration is very harmful for fish. Because, high concentrations of copper sulphate adversely affected the gills and tissues of fish, especially. 500 mg/L can be preferred for short-term use and 0.5 mg/L for long-term use. In this study, it was concluded that copper sulfate should be used consciously and in need in aquaculture.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aquaculture
• rainbow trout
• Oncorhynchus mykiss
• copper sulfate
• histopathology

Bakır Sülfatın (CuSO4.5H2O) Farklı Konsantrasyonlarının Gökkuşağı Alabalıkları (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Üzerine Histopatolojik Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, bakır sülfatın (CuSO4.5H2O) farklı konsantrasyonlarının gökkuşağı alabalıklarının (Oncorhynchus mykiss) solungaç, karaciğer ve kas dokusu üzerindeki histolojik etkisi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada kontrol grubu, 0.5 mg/L (24 saat), 3 mg/L (18 saat), 500 mg/L (1-2 dakika) bakır sülfat konsantrasyon grupları uygulanmıştır. Biyodeneyde ortalama ağırlığı 150 g olan 40 adet balık kullanılmıştır. Histopatolojik bulgular içinde her deney grubundan 5 balık kullanılmıştır. Dokular 24 saat boyunca % 10 formalin çözeltisi ile sabitlenmiştir. Doku örnekleri, histolojik protokol standardı kullanılarak parafine gömülmüş, kesitler 5 µm kalınlıkta kesilmiş, cam slaytlar üzerine monte edilmiş, hematoksilin ve eozin (H&E) ile boyanmış ve boyanan bölümler ışık mikroskobu altında incelenmiştir. Karaciğerde sinuzoidal boşluklar, venalarda konjesyon, vakuoler ve parankim dejenerasyon, damarlarda hasar ve hepatositlerde dejenerasyon görülmüştür. Kas dokularında dejenerasyon, nekroz (miyofaji), inflamatuar selüler infiltrasyon görülmüş, solungaç lamellalarında, pilar ve epitel hücrelerde dejenerasyon, interlamellar alanlarda lenfoid ve mononükleer hücre infiltrasyonu, epitelyum hücrelerde nekroz gözlenmiştir. Çalışmada, 3 mg/L bakır sülfat konsantrasyonunun balıklar için çok zararlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Zira yüksek konsantrasyonlarda bakır sülfatın özellikle balıkların solungaç ve dokularını olumsuz yönde etkilediği belirlenmiştir. Kısa süreli kullanımlarda 500 mg/L ve uzun süreli banyoda ise 0,5 mg/L tercih edilebilir. Çalışmada, bakır sülfatın su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde bilinçli ve ihtiyaç dâhilinde kullanılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliği
• gökkuşağı alabalığı
• Oncorhynchus mykiss
• bakır sülfat
• histopatoloji

Kaynakça

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