Covid-19 Pandemi Öncesi Dönemde ve Pandemi Döneminde Gençlerdeki Fiziksel Aktivite Düzeyi ve Egzersiz Motivasyonunun Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Amaç: Muskuloskeletal sistemin belirli bir program dahilinde ve düzenli şekilde tekrarlı hareket ettirilmesine egzersiz denir. Bazı dönemlerde fiziksel, psikolojik veya çevresel etmenler nedeniyle egzersiz yapmak daha zor hale gelebilmektedir. COVID-19 pandemisi nedeniyle yapılan kısıtlamalar sonucunda toplumun her kesiminde fiziksel aktivite düzeylerinde azalma ortaya çıkmıştır. Fiziksel aktivitedeki bu azalma zamanla egzersize karşı isteksizlik oluşturarak fiziksel aktivite motivasyonunu düşürmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; pandemi öncesi dönemde ve pandemi döneminde gençlerdeki fiziksel aktivite düzeyini ve egzersiz motivasyonunu karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamıza 20-25 yaş arası toplam 134 birey dahil edildi. Pandemi öncesi dönemde (PÖ) 67 birey (42K, 25E) ve pandemi döneminde (PD) 67 birey (42K, 25E) değerlendirildi. Bireylerin demografik verileri ve egzersiz alışkanlık durumu kaydedildikten sonra fiziksel aktivite düzeyi için Fiziksel Aktivite İndeksi (FAİ), egzersiz motivasyonunu için Fiziksel Aktiviteye Katılım Motivasyonu Ölçeği (FAKMÖ) kullanıldı. Bulgular: Gruplar yaş ortalaması açısından benzerdi (p=0,153). PÖ grubunun FAİ ortalaması 39,94±27,20 ve PD grubunun ortalaması 22,70±25,24 puandı. PD grubunun fiziksel aktivite düzeyi istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde düşüktü (p=0,001). PD grubunun FAKMÖ Çevresel nedenler alt boyutu puanının ise PD grubunda anlamlı düzeyde düşük olduğu tespit edildi (p=0,019). Sonuç: Bireylerin pandemi nedeniyle fiziksel aktivite düzeyi azalmıştır. Egzersiz motivasyonu pandemi nedeniyle azalsa da en büyük farklılık çevresel sebeplere bağlı egzersiz motivasyonunda olmuştur. Pandemi nedeniyle kısıtlamalar devam etse de egzersiz yapmak için uygun çevresel düzenlemeler, egzersiz motivasyonunu da arttıracaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Egzersiz motivasyonu
• Fiziksel aktivite
• Genç bireyler
• Pandemi.

A Comparison of Physical Activity Levels and Exercise Motivation Young People Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic

Öz

Aim: Exercise is to move the musculoskeletal system regularly and within a certain program. In some periods, exercise may become more difficult due to physical, psychological or environmental factors. As a result of the restrictions made due to the COVID-19 pandemic, a reduction in physical activity levels has occurred in all segments of the society. This decrease in physical activity creates a reluctance to exercise over time and decreases the physical activity motivation. The aim of this study was to compare the physical activity level and exercise motivation in young individuals in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Materials and Methods: A total of 134 individuals between the ages of 20-25 were included in our study. Sixty-seven individuals (42F, 25M) in the pre-pandemic period (PR) and 67 individuals (42F, 25M) in the pandemic period (PP) were evaluated. After the demographic data and exercise habits of the individuals were recorded, the Physical Activity Index (FAI) was used for the level of physical activity, and the Motivation Scale for Participation in Physical Activity (MSPPA) was used for exercise motivation. Results: The groups were similar in terms of mean age (p = 0.153). The mean FAI of the PR group was 39.94 ± 27.20 and the mean of the PP group was 22.70 ± 25.24 points. The physical activity level of the PP group was statistically significantly lower (p = 0.001). Although the scores of the MSPPA sub-dimensions of the PP group were lower, there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of individual causes and cause lessness (p> 0.05). Environmental causes score was found to be significantly lower in the PP group (p = 0.019). The PD group also had a significantly lower score on the Environmental Causes subscale of the MSPPA (p = 0.019). Conclusion: Physical activity level of individuals has decreased due to the pandemic. Although exercise motivation decreased due to the pandemic, the biggest difference was in environmental reasons. Although restrictions continue due to the pandemic, appropriate environmental regulations for exercise will also increase exercise motivation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pandemic
• Physical activity
• Exercise motivation
• Young individuals.

Kaynakça

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