Short Communication

The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications

Number: 2026 April 1, 2026

The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications

Abstract

The timing of ovariohysterectomy (OHE) in relation to the estrous cycle plays a crucial role in minimizing perioperative complications in bitches. This study aimed to evaluate whether preoperative vaginal cytology can effectively guide the timing of OHE and improve surgical outcomes. Fourteen bitches presented for elective OHE at MAKUVET Animal Hospital were divided into two groups. In Group I (n=7), OHE was performed during cytologically confirmed anestrus, whereas in Group II (n=7), surgery was performed without regard to estrous stage. Vaginal smears were evaluated using Papanicolaou staining, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. No complications were observed in Group I. In contrast, Group II presented minor intraoperative hemorrhage in two bitches and mammary gland development in one bitch during the postoperative period. Although statistical analysis did not reveal a significant difference between groups, clinical findings suggest that surgery during hormonally active phases, particularly diestrus, may predispose animals to adverse effects such as pseudopregnancy and mammary hypertrophy. These results support the routine use of vaginal cytology prior to OHE to identify the anestrus stage as the optimal surgical window. Integrating estrous cycle assessment into preoperative protocols may enhance surgical safety, reduce complications, and improve animal welfare.

Keywords

Project Number

0104-NAP-10

Thanks

We would like to give our special thanks to the Scientific Research Coordination Unit of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University granting this research.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Veterinary Obstetrics and Gynecology

Journal Section

Short Communication

Publication Date

April 1, 2026

Submission Date

July 19, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 26, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Number: 2026

APA
Ağaoğlu, A. R., Güngör, Ö., Köker, A., & Kocamüftüoğlu, M. (2026). The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 2026. https://doi.org/10.24998/maeusabed.1746305
AMA
1.Ağaoğlu AR, Güngör Ö, Köker A, Kocamüftüoğlu M. The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2026;(2026). doi:10.24998/maeusabed.1746305
Chicago
Ağaoğlu, Ali Reha, Örsan Güngör, Afşin Köker, and Mesih Kocamüftüoğlu. 2026. “The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, nos. 2026. https://doi.org/10.24998/maeusabed.1746305.
EndNote
Ağaoğlu AR, Güngör Ö, Köker A, Kocamüftüoğlu M (April 1, 2026) The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute 2026
IEEE
[1]A. R. Ağaoğlu, Ö. Güngör, A. Köker, and M. Kocamüftüoğlu, “The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications”, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, no. 2026, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.24998/maeusabed.1746305.
ISNAD
Ağaoğlu, Ali Reha - Güngör, Örsan - Köker, Afşin - Kocamüftüoğlu, Mesih. “The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2026 (April 1, 2026). https://doi.org/10.24998/maeusabed.1746305.
JAMA
1.Ağaoğlu AR, Güngör Ö, Köker A, Kocamüftüoğlu M. The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2026. doi:10.24998/maeusabed.1746305.
MLA
Ağaoğlu, Ali Reha, et al. “The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications”. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, no. 2026, Apr. 2026, doi:10.24998/maeusabed.1746305.
Vancouver
1.Ali Reha Ağaoğlu, Örsan Güngör, Afşin Köker, Mesih Kocamüftüoğlu. The Importance of Preoperative Estrous Cycle Stage Assessment in Ovariohysterectomy: Clinical and Surgical Implications. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute. 2026 Apr. 1;(2026). doi:10.24998/maeusabed.1746305

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