DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIM, BÜYÜME VE ÇEVRESEL KALĠTE ĠLĠġKĠSĠ: TÜRKĠYE “DĠBE YARIġAN” BĠR ÜLKE MĠ?

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 439 - 451, 29.08.2019

Umut Üzar

https://doi.org/10.30798/makuiibf.531931

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Bu çalışma Türkiye’de 1970-2014 yılları arasında
doğrudan yabancı yatırım girişleri ve bir çevre göstergesi olan karbondioksit
emisyonu arasındaki ilişkiyi, “dibe yarış” metodolojisinden hareketle
incelemeyi amaçlamak-tadır. Değişkenler arasındaki uzun ve kısa dönemli
ilişkiler ARDL (Gecikmesi Dağıtılmış Otoregresif Sınır Testi) yöntemiyle
incelenmiştir. Sınır testi sonuçları, serilerin uzun dönemde birlikte hareket
ettiğini göster-miştir. ARDL modelinden elde edilen uzun dönem katsa-yıları,
ekonomik büyüme, gayrisafi sabit sermaye oluşu-mu ve ticari açıklığın
karbondioksit emisyonunu arttırdı-ğını, doğrudan yabancı yatırımların ise
çevresel kalite üzerinde anlamlı bir etkiye sahip olmadığına işaret etmiş-tir.
Böylece doğrudan yabancı yatırım ve çevre ilişkisinin teorik çerçevesini
oluşturan “dibe doğru yarış” ve “kirlilik sığınağı” hipotezlerinin Türkiye için
geçerli olmadığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca sonuçlar, incelenen dönem için
Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (ÇKE) hipotezinin geçerli olduğunu göstermiştir.
Böylece Türkiye’nin doğrudan yabancı yatırım politikalarının, bilgi
teknolojileri, araş-tırma-geliştirme, yeşil teknoloji ve yenilenebilir enerji
gibi alanlara kaydırılması, hem yüksek katma değerli üretime geçişi hem de
enerji etkinliğinin gerçekleştir-mesini kolaylaştırarak, önemli makroekonomik
ve çevresel kazanımların elde edilmesini sağlayacaktır.

Keywords

Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım, Ekonomik Büyüme, Karbondioksit Emisyonu, Dibe Yarış, ARDL Modeli

THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG FOREIGN DİRECT INVESTMENT, GROWTH, AND ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY: IS VALID "RACE TO THE BOTTOM" IN TURKEY?

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the
relationship between direct foreign investment inflow and carbon dioxide
emission, using race to the bottom methodology in Turkey during 1970-2014. An
Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) test is employed to determine
possible long-term and short-term nexus among series. ARDL test results show
that the series are cointegrarated. The long-term coefficients obtained from
the ARDL model indicate that economic growth, gross fixed capital formation,
and trade openness have positive effect on carbon dioxide emissions, while
foreign direct investment does not have a significant effect on carbon dioxide
emission as environmental quality. According to findings, both race to the
bottom and pollution haven hypothesis are not valid for Turkey, while Environmental
Kuznets Curve (EKC) is valid. Thus, Turkey’s foreign direct investment policies
should be directed to information technology, research and development, green
technology, and renewable energy. These developments will facilitate both the
transition to high value-added production and the realization of energy
efficiency. Thereby, Turkey will obtain significant macroeconomic and
environmental gains.

Keywords

Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, Race to the Bottom, Carbon Dioxide Emission, ARDL Model

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