SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİRLİK, KURUMSAL SOSYAL SORUMLULUK VE FİNANSMANA ERİŞİM ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ: BIST ÖRNEĞİ
Year 2022,
Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 406 - 431, 23.03.2022
Hüseyin Temiz
,
İdris Varıcı
Abstract
Bu çalışmada sürdürülebilirlik ve kurumsal sosyal sorumluğun firmaların finansmana erişimi üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla BIST Tüm Endekste işlem gören ve eksik verisi olmayan 242 firmanın 2014-2019 yıllarını kapsayan verileri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre firmaların BIST Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksinde işlem görmelerinin, kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk komitesine sahip olmalarının ve kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk raporu yayımlamalarının finansmana erişimi kolaylaştırdığı görülmüştür. Buna ek olarak, yayımlanan kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk raporlarına dış güvence hizmeti sağlanmasının finansmana erişim üzerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar firmaların finansmana erişiminin alternatif ölçüm yöntemleriyle de temsil edildiği ek analizlerden elde edilen bulgularla da desteklenmiştir.
References
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- Cheng, B., Ioannou, I. ve Serafeim, G. (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility and Access to Finance. Strategic Management Journal, 35(1), 1-23.
- Cho, S. Y., Lee, C. ve Pfeiffer Jr, R. J. (2013). Corporate Social Responsibility Performance and Information Asymmetry. Journal of Accounting and Public policy, 32(1), 71-83.
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- García‐Sánchez, I. M. Hussain, N., Martínez‐Ferrero, J. ve Ruiz‐Barbadillo, E. (2019). Impact of Disclosure and Assurance Quality of Corporate Sustainability Reports on Access to Finance. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(4), 832-848.
- Gujarati, D. N. (2009). Basic Econometrics. Boston: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
- Harjoto, M. A. ve Jo, H. (2011). Corporate Governance and CSR Nexus. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(1), 45-67.
- Harjoto, M. A. ve Jo, H. (2015). Legal vs. Normative CSR: Differential Impact on Analyst Dispersion, Stock Return Volatility, Cost of Capital, and Firm Value. Journal of Business Ethics, 128(1), 1-20.
- Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 46(6), 1251-1271.
- Hodge, K., Subramaniam, N. ve Stewart, J. (2009). Assurance of Sustainability Reports: Impact on Report Users' Confidence and Perceptions of Information Credibility. Australian Accounting Review, 19(3), 178-194.
- Hussain, N., Rigoni, U. ve Orij, R. P. (2018). Corporate Governance and Sustainability Performance: Analysis of Triple Bottom Line Performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(2), 411-432.
- Jones, T. M. (1995). Instrumental stakeholder theory: A Synthesis of Ethics and Economics. Academy of Management Review, 20(2), 404-437.
- Kaplan, S. N. ve Zingales, L. (1997). Do Investment-Cash Flow Sensitivities Provide Useful Measures of Financing Constraints?. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(1), 169-215.
- Khurana, I. K. ve Raman, K. (2004). Litigation Risk and the Financial Reporting Credibility of Big 4 Versus Non‐Big 4 Audits: Evidence From Anglo‐American Countries. The Accounting Review, 79(2), 473-495.
- Kim, J. ve Park, J. L. (2015). How Do Financial Constraint and Distress Measures Compare?. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 12(2), 41-50.
- King, A. A. ve Lenox, M. J. (2000). Industry Self-Regulation Without Sanctions: The Chemical Industry's Responsible Care Program. Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), 698-716.
- KPMG. (2020). The Time Has Come: The KPMG Survey on Sustainability Reporting 2020. Erişim adresi: https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2020/11/the-time-has-come.pdf
- Martínez‐Ferrero, J. ve García‐Sánchez, I. M. (2017). Sustainability Assurance and Cost of Capital: Does Assurance Impact on Credibility of Corporate Social Responsibility Information?. Business Ethics: A European Review, 26(3), 223-239.
- Martínez‐Ferrero, J., Lozano, M. B. ve Vivas, M. (2021). The Impact of Board Cultural Diversity on A Firm's Commitment Toward the Sustainability Issues of Emerging Countries: The Mediating Effect of a CSR Committee, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. Çevrimiçi ön yayın. doi:doi.org/10.1002/csr.2080
- McGuire, J. B., Sundgren, A. ve Schneeweis, T. (1988). Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Financial Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 31(4), 854-872.
- Minard, P. (2016). Signalling Through the Noise: Private Certification, Information Asymmetry and Chinese Smes’ Access to Finance. Journal of Asian Public Policy, 9(3), 243-256.
- Mishra, S. ve Suar, D. (2010). Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Firm Performance of Indian Companies?. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(4), 571-601.
- Ng, A. C. ve Rezaee, Z. (2015). Business Sustainability Performance and Cost of Equity Capital. Journal of Corporate Finance, 34, 128-149.
- O’Dwyer, B. (2002). Managerial Perceptions of Corporate Social Disclosure: An Irish story. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 15(3), 406-436.
- Orsato, R. J., Garcia, A., Mendes-Da-Silva, W., Simonetti, R. ve Monzoni, M. (2015). Sustainability Indexes: Why Join In? A study of the ‘Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE)’in Brazil. Journal of Cleaner Production, 96, 161-170.
- Özmen, E., Şahinöz, S. ve Yalçın, C. (2012). Profitability, saving and investment of non-financial firms in Turkey (TCMB Working Paper No. 12/14). Erişim adresi https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/EN/TCMB+EN/Main+Menu/Publications/Research/Working+Paperss/2012/12-14.
- Ruxton, G. D. (2006). The Unequal Variance T-Test is An Underused Alternative to Student's T-Test and the Mann–Whitney U test. Behavioral Ecology, 17(4), 688-690.
- Sak, A. F. ve Dalgar, H. (2020). Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirliğin Firmaların Finansal Performansına Etkisi: BIST Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksindeki Firmalar Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, (85), 173-186.
- Simnett, R., Vanstraelen, A. ve Chua, W. F. (2009). Assurance on Sustainability Reports: An International Comparison. The Accounting Review, 84(3), 937-967.
- Sinem, A. (2021). Kurumsal Sosyal Performansın Borçlanma Maliyetlerine Etkisi. Muhasebe ve Denetime Bakış, 20(62), 191-206.
- Van Marrewijk, M. (2003). Concepts and Definitions of CSR and Corporate Sustainability: Between Agency and Communion. Journal of Business Ethics, 44(2), 95-105.
- Weber, J. L. (2018). Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Level, External Assurance and Cost of Equity Capital. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 16(4), 694-724.
- Welch, B. L. (1947). The Generalization of Student's' Problem When Several Different Population Variances are Involved. Biometrika, 34(1/2), 28-35.
- Whited, T. M. ve Wu, G. (2006). Financial Constraints Risk. The Review of Financial Studies, 19(2), 531-559.
- Wu, S.-w., Lin, F. ve Wu, C.-m. (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility and Cost of Capital: An Empirical Study of the Taiwan Stock Market. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 50(sup1), 107-120.
- Zyglidopoulos, S. C. (2001). The Impact of Accidents on Firms’ Reputation for Social Performance. Business & Society, 40(4), 416-441.
INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUSTAINABILITY, CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ACCESS TO FINANCE: BIST CASE
Year 2022,
Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 406 - 431, 23.03.2022
Hüseyin Temiz
,
İdris Varıcı
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of sustainability and corporate social responsibility on access to finance. In line with this purpose, data covering the years 2014-2019 of 242 firms having required data and operating in BIST All Shares Index were used. According to findings, it has been found that being traded in the BIST Sustainability Index, having corporate social responsibility committee and publishing corporate social responsibility report eases access to finance. In addition, having external assurance on corporate social responsibility reports has no significant effects on access to finance. These results have been also supported by additional analyses using alternative proxies for access to finance.
References
- ABC Finance Limited. (2021, 7 Ocak). Erişim adresi https://abcfinance.co.uk/blog/companies-more-profitable-than-countries/
- Acar, M., Durmaz, Ş. ve Coşgunaras, Ş. N. (2021). Sürdürülebilirlik Performansını Etkileyen Finansal ve Finansal Olmayan Faktörler Üzerine Bir Araştırma: BIST Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksi Örneği. Muhasebe ve Vergi Uygulamaları Dergisi, 14(1), 129-160.
- Aytekin, S. ve Erol, A. F. (2018). Finansal Performans Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik Performansının Temel Belirleyicisi Midir? BIST Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksinde Aras Yöntemi İle Bir Uygulama. Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi, Özel Sayı, 869-886.
- Bénabou, R. ve Tirole, J. (2010). Individual and Corporate Social Responsibility, Economica, 77(305), 1-19.
- Bhuiyan, M. B. U. ve Nguyen, T. H. N. (2019). Impact of CSR on Cost of Debt and Cost of Capital: Australian Evidence. Social Responsibility Journal, 16(3), 419-430.
- BIST. (2021, 7 Şubat). Erişim adresi https://www.borsaistanbul.com/tr/sayfa/165/bist-surdurulebilirlik-endeksi
- Brown-Liburd, H. ve Zamora, V. L. (2015). The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Assurance in Investors' Judgments When Managerial Pay is Explicitly Tied to CSR Performance. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 34(1), 75-96.
- Carroll, A. B. (2015). Corporate Social Responsibility: The Centerpiece of Competing and Complementary Frameworks. Organizational Dynamics, 44(2), 87-96.
- Caymaz, E., Soran, S. ve Erenel, F. (2014). İşletmelerde Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik ve Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk İlişkisi: Küresel İlkeler Sözleşmesi Türkiye Örneği. Journal of Management Marketing and Logistics, 1(3), 208-2017.
- Chan, M. C., Watson, J. ve Woodliff, D. (2014). Corporate Governance Quality and CSR Disclosures. Journal of business ethics, 125(1), 59-73.
- Cheng, B., Ioannou, I. ve Serafeim, G. (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility and Access to Finance. Strategic Management Journal, 35(1), 1-23.
- Cho, S. Y., Lee, C. ve Pfeiffer Jr, R. J. (2013). Corporate Social Responsibility Performance and Information Asymmetry. Journal of Accounting and Public policy, 32(1), 71-83.
- Dawkins, C. ve Fraas, J. W. (2011). Coming Clean: The Impact of Environmental Performance and Visibility on Corporate Climate Change Disclosure. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(2), 303-322.
- Deloitte. (2021, 10 Şubat). Erişim adresi https://www2.deloitte.com/ru/en/pages/risk/solutions/sustainability-and-csr.html
- Dhaliwal, D., Li, O. Z., Tsang, A. ve Yang, Y. G. (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and the Cost of Equity Capital: The Roles of Stakeholder Orientation and Financial Transparency. Journal of Accounting and Public policy, 33(4), 328-355.
- Dhaliwal, D. S., Li, O. Z., Tsang, A. ve Yang, Y. G. (2011). Voluntary Nonfinancial Disclosure and the Cost of Equity Capital: The Initiation of Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting. The Accounting Review, 86(1), 59-100.
- Du, K. ve Wu, S.-J. (2019). Does External Assurance Enhance the Credibility of CSR Reports? Evidence From CSR-related Misconduct Events in Taiwan. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 38(4), 101-130.
- Düzer, M. ve Saime, Ö. (2018). Sürdürülebilirlik Performans Göstergelerine İlişkin Açıklamaların Finansal Performans Üzerine Etkisi: BIST’te Bir Uygulama. Muhasebe ve Vergi Uygulamaları Dergisi, 11(1), 93-117.
- Dyllick, T. ve Hockerts, K. (2002). Beyond the Business Case for Corporate Sustainability. Business Strategy and the Environment, 11(2), 130-141.
- Frederick, W. C. (1960). The Growing Concern Over Business Responsibility. California Management Review, 2(4), 54-61.
- Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Fuente, J. A., García-Sanchez, I. M. ve Lozano, M. B. (2017). The Role of the Board of Directors in the Adoption of GRI Guidelines for the Disclosure of CSR Information. Journal of Cleaner Production, 141, 737-750.
- García-de-Madariaga, J. ve Rodríguez-de-Rivera-Cremades, F. (2010). Corporate Social Responsibility and the Classical Theory of the Firm: Are Both Theories Irreconcilable?. Innovar, 20(37), 5-19.
- García-Sánchez, I. M., Gomez-Miranda, M.-E., David, F. ve Rodríguez-Ariza, L. (2019). The Explanatory Effect of CSR Committee and Assurance Services on the Adoption of the IFC Performance Standards, as a Means of Enhancing Corporate Transparency. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 10(5), 773-797.
- García‐Sánchez, I. M. Hussain, N., Martínez‐Ferrero, J. ve Ruiz‐Barbadillo, E. (2019). Impact of Disclosure and Assurance Quality of Corporate Sustainability Reports on Access to Finance. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 26(4), 832-848.
- Gujarati, D. N. (2009). Basic Econometrics. Boston: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
- Harjoto, M. A. ve Jo, H. (2011). Corporate Governance and CSR Nexus. Journal of Business Ethics, 100(1), 45-67.
- Harjoto, M. A. ve Jo, H. (2015). Legal vs. Normative CSR: Differential Impact on Analyst Dispersion, Stock Return Volatility, Cost of Capital, and Firm Value. Journal of Business Ethics, 128(1), 1-20.
- Hausman, J. A. (1978). Specification Tests in Econometrics. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 46(6), 1251-1271.
- Hodge, K., Subramaniam, N. ve Stewart, J. (2009). Assurance of Sustainability Reports: Impact on Report Users' Confidence and Perceptions of Information Credibility. Australian Accounting Review, 19(3), 178-194.
- Hussain, N., Rigoni, U. ve Orij, R. P. (2018). Corporate Governance and Sustainability Performance: Analysis of Triple Bottom Line Performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 149(2), 411-432.
- Jones, T. M. (1995). Instrumental stakeholder theory: A Synthesis of Ethics and Economics. Academy of Management Review, 20(2), 404-437.
- Kaplan, S. N. ve Zingales, L. (1997). Do Investment-Cash Flow Sensitivities Provide Useful Measures of Financing Constraints?. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(1), 169-215.
- Khurana, I. K. ve Raman, K. (2004). Litigation Risk and the Financial Reporting Credibility of Big 4 Versus Non‐Big 4 Audits: Evidence From Anglo‐American Countries. The Accounting Review, 79(2), 473-495.
- Kim, J. ve Park, J. L. (2015). How Do Financial Constraint and Distress Measures Compare?. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 12(2), 41-50.
- King, A. A. ve Lenox, M. J. (2000). Industry Self-Regulation Without Sanctions: The Chemical Industry's Responsible Care Program. Academy of Management Journal, 43(4), 698-716.
- KPMG. (2020). The Time Has Come: The KPMG Survey on Sustainability Reporting 2020. Erişim adresi: https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/xx/pdf/2020/11/the-time-has-come.pdf
- Martínez‐Ferrero, J. ve García‐Sánchez, I. M. (2017). Sustainability Assurance and Cost of Capital: Does Assurance Impact on Credibility of Corporate Social Responsibility Information?. Business Ethics: A European Review, 26(3), 223-239.
- Martínez‐Ferrero, J., Lozano, M. B. ve Vivas, M. (2021). The Impact of Board Cultural Diversity on A Firm's Commitment Toward the Sustainability Issues of Emerging Countries: The Mediating Effect of a CSR Committee, Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management. Çevrimiçi ön yayın. doi:doi.org/10.1002/csr.2080
- McGuire, J. B., Sundgren, A. ve Schneeweis, T. (1988). Corporate Social Responsibility and Firm Financial Performance. Academy of Management Journal, 31(4), 854-872.
- Minard, P. (2016). Signalling Through the Noise: Private Certification, Information Asymmetry and Chinese Smes’ Access to Finance. Journal of Asian Public Policy, 9(3), 243-256.
- Mishra, S. ve Suar, D. (2010). Does Corporate Social Responsibility Influence Firm Performance of Indian Companies?. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(4), 571-601.
- Ng, A. C. ve Rezaee, Z. (2015). Business Sustainability Performance and Cost of Equity Capital. Journal of Corporate Finance, 34, 128-149.
- O’Dwyer, B. (2002). Managerial Perceptions of Corporate Social Disclosure: An Irish story. Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal, 15(3), 406-436.
- Orsato, R. J., Garcia, A., Mendes-Da-Silva, W., Simonetti, R. ve Monzoni, M. (2015). Sustainability Indexes: Why Join In? A study of the ‘Corporate Sustainability Index (ISE)’in Brazil. Journal of Cleaner Production, 96, 161-170.
- Özmen, E., Şahinöz, S. ve Yalçın, C. (2012). Profitability, saving and investment of non-financial firms in Turkey (TCMB Working Paper No. 12/14). Erişim adresi https://www.tcmb.gov.tr/wps/wcm/connect/EN/TCMB+EN/Main+Menu/Publications/Research/Working+Paperss/2012/12-14.
- Ruxton, G. D. (2006). The Unequal Variance T-Test is An Underused Alternative to Student's T-Test and the Mann–Whitney U test. Behavioral Ecology, 17(4), 688-690.
- Sak, A. F. ve Dalgar, H. (2020). Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirliğin Firmaların Finansal Performansına Etkisi: BIST Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksindeki Firmalar Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, (85), 173-186.
- Simnett, R., Vanstraelen, A. ve Chua, W. F. (2009). Assurance on Sustainability Reports: An International Comparison. The Accounting Review, 84(3), 937-967.
- Sinem, A. (2021). Kurumsal Sosyal Performansın Borçlanma Maliyetlerine Etkisi. Muhasebe ve Denetime Bakış, 20(62), 191-206.
- Van Marrewijk, M. (2003). Concepts and Definitions of CSR and Corporate Sustainability: Between Agency and Communion. Journal of Business Ethics, 44(2), 95-105.
- Weber, J. L. (2018). Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Level, External Assurance and Cost of Equity Capital. Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting, 16(4), 694-724.
- Welch, B. L. (1947). The Generalization of Student's' Problem When Several Different Population Variances are Involved. Biometrika, 34(1/2), 28-35.
- Whited, T. M. ve Wu, G. (2006). Financial Constraints Risk. The Review of Financial Studies, 19(2), 531-559.
- Wu, S.-w., Lin, F. ve Wu, C.-m. (2014). Corporate Social Responsibility and Cost of Capital: An Empirical Study of the Taiwan Stock Market. Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, 50(sup1), 107-120.
- Zyglidopoulos, S. C. (2001). The Impact of Accidents on Firms’ Reputation for Social Performance. Business & Society, 40(4), 416-441.