Öz

While Turkey was not mentioned in the first 20 country list as a refugee hosting country until 2012, in 2015 it became a country with the largest refugee population in the World (UNHCR 2015). The number of the refugees has currently reached to 3.5 million in the country and in some regions the number of the refugees has surpassed the local population. This article examines the changes that occurred in the social capital stock of the country triggered by the changes in the demographic shifts. In using quantile regression model analysis, this article concludes that while the density of migrant population is in positive correlation with bonding social capital, it displays a negative correlation with bridging social capital. In this sense, our findings are in line with the international literature on the relationship between social capital and migration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Social Capital
• Syrian Migration
• Turkey
• Irregular Migration
• Quantile Regression

Türkiye’de Sosyal Sermaye ve Göç

Öz

Türkiye 2012 yılına kadar mülteciler için ev sahipliği kategorisinde ilk 20 ülke arasına girmezken, 2015 yılı itibariyle dünyanın en fazla mülteci nüfusuna sahip ülkesi konumuna gelmiştir (UNHCR, 2015). Bu yıldan itibaren ülkedeki mülteci sayısı artarak bugün 3.5 milyonun üzerinde bir rakama ulaşmıştır. Ülkenin bazı bölgelerinde mülteci nüfus yoğunluğunun, yerel nüfusun üzerinde olduğu görülmektedir. Bu makalede demografik yapıda gerçekleşen bu değişimin Türkiye’deki sosyal sermaye birikimi ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Kantil regresyon modeli ile yürütülen analizlere göre düzensiz göç sonucu oluşan yabancı nüfus yoğunluğu, dayanışmacı (bonding) sosyal sermaye ile pozitif, köprüleyici (bridging) sosyal sermaye ile ise negatif bir korelasyon kurmaktadır. Çalışmada, dayanışmacı sosyal sermayenin kutuplaştırıcı yönüne dikkat çekilirken, köprüleyici sosyal sermayeye ilişkin sonuçların uluslararası yazında gözlemlenen bulgularla benzerliği vurgulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sosyal Sermaye
• Suriye Göçü
• Kantil Regresyon
• Türkiye
• Düzensiz Göç

Kaynakça

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